As one of the most important aquatic fish,Micropterus salmoides suffers lethal and epidemic disease caused by rhabdovirus at the juvenile stage.In this study,a new strain of M.salmoides rhabdovirus(MSRV)was isolated f...As one of the most important aquatic fish,Micropterus salmoides suffers lethal and epidemic disease caused by rhabdovirus at the juvenile stage.In this study,a new strain of M.salmoides rhabdovirus(MSRV)was isolated from Yuhang,Zhejiang Province,China,and named MSRV-YH01.The virus infected the grass carp ovary(GCO)cell line and displayed virion particles with atypical bullet shape,300–500 nm in length and 100–200 nm in diameter under transmission electron microscopy.The complete genome sequence of this isolate was determined to include 11 526 nucleotides and to encode five classical structural proteins.The construction of the phylogenetic tree indicated that this new isolate is clustered into the Vesiculovirus genus and most closely related to the Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus.To explore the potential for a vaccine against MSRV,a glycoprotein(1–458 amino acid residues)of MSRV-YH01 was successfully amplified and cloned into the plasmid pFastBac1.The high-purity recombinant bacmid-glycoprotein was obtained from DH10Bac through screening and identification.Based on polymerase chain reaction(PCR),western blot,and immunofluorescence assay,recombinant virus,including the MSRV-YH01 glycoprotein gene,was produced by transfection of SF9 cells using the pFastBac1-gE2,and then repeatedly amplified to express the glycoprotein protein.We anticipate that this recombinant bacmid system could be used to challenge the silkworm and develop a corresponding oral vaccine for fish.展开更多
The 3’ leader and the 5’ trailer of the rice yellow stunt rhabdovirus (RYSV) genomic RNA have been cloned and sequenced. Sequence data indicate that the RYSV leader region is composed of 203 nucleotides (nt) and the...The 3’ leader and the 5’ trailer of the rice yellow stunt rhabdovirus (RYSV) genomic RNA have been cloned and sequenced. Sequence data indicate that the RYSV leader region is composed of 203 nucleotides (nt) and the trailer region 191 nt. The terminal 9 nt of the two regions are complementary and capable of forming a putative panhandle structure common to rhabdovirus genomes. In comparison with the leader or trailer sequences of other rhab-doviruses reported so far, both the leader and trailer of RYSV are the longest and there is no obvious sequence homolo-gy between the counterparts except for a few terminal nt and the UGUU motif in the leader sequences. Polyadenylated plus-strand leader RNA has been detected in RYSV-infected rice plants by 3’ RACE. This is the second example in rhabdoviruses following the report for sonchus yellow net virus (SYNV) for existence of a polyadenylated leader RNA. No polyadenylated plus-strand transcripts of the RYSV trailer have been found using the similar method.展开更多
Multiple viral infections in insect vectors with synergistic effects are common in nature,but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Here,we find that rice gall dwarf reovirus(RGDV)facilitates the transmission of ri...Multiple viral infections in insect vectors with synergistic effects are common in nature,but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Here,we find that rice gall dwarf reovirus(RGDV)facilitates the transmission of rice stripe mosaic rhabdovirus(RSMV)by co-infected leafhopper vectors.RSMV nucleoprotein(N)alone activates complete anti-viral autophagy,while RGDV nonstructural protein Pns11 alone induces pro-viral incomplete autophagy.In co-infected vectors,RSMVexploits Pns11-induced autophagosomes to assemble enveloped virions via N-Pns11-ATG5 interaction.Furthermore,RSMV could effectively propagate in Sf9 cells.Expression of Pns11 in Sf9 cells or leafhopper vectors causes the recruitment of N from the ER to Pns11-induced autophagosomes and inhibits N-induced complete autophagic flux,finally facilitating RSMV propagation.In summary,these results demonstrate a previously unappreciated role of autophagy in the regulation of the direct synergistic interaction during co-transmission of two distinct arboviruses by insect vectors and reveal the functional importance of virus-induced autophagosomes in rhabdovirus assembly.展开更多
Over the last 30 years,aquaculture has become the fastest growing form of agriculture production in the world,but its development has been hampered by a diverse range of pathogenic viruses.During the last decade,a lar...Over the last 30 years,aquaculture has become the fastest growing form of agriculture production in the world,but its development has been hampered by a diverse range of pathogenic viruses.During the last decade,a large number of viruses from aquatic animals have been identified,and more than 100 viral genomes have been sequenced and genetically characterized.These advances are leading to better understanding about antiviral mechanisms and the types of interaction occurring between aquatic viruses and their hosts.Here,based on our research experience of more than 20 years,we review the wealth of genetic and genomic information from studies on a diverse range of aquatic viruses,including iridoviruses,herpesviruses,reoviruses,and rhabdoviruses,and outline some major advances in our understanding of virus–host interactions in animals used in aquaculture.展开更多
Aquatic vertebrates are very abundant in the world,and they are of tremendous importance in providing global food security and nutrition.However,emergent and resurgent viruses,such as ranavirus(e.g.,Rana grylio virus,...Aquatic vertebrates are very abundant in the world,and they are of tremendous importance in providing global food security and nutrition.However,emergent and resurgent viruses,such as ranavirus(e.g.,Rana grylio virus,RGV and Andriasd avidianus ranavirus,ADRV),herpesvirus(e.g.,Carassius carassius herpesvirus,CaHV),reovirus(e.g.,grass carp reovirus 109,GCRV-109,Scophthal musmaximus reovirus,SMReV and Micropterus salmoides reovirus,MsReV),and rhabdovirus(e.g.,Siniper cachuatsi rhabdovirus,SCRV and Scophthal musmaximus rhabdovirus,SMRV)can cause severe diseases in aquaculture animals and wild lower vertebrates,such as frogs,giant salamanders,fish,and so on.Here,we will briefly describe the symptoms produced by the aforementioned viruses and the molecular basis of the virus ehost interactions.This manuscript aims to provide an overview of viral diseases in lower vertebrates with an emphasis on visible symptomatic manifestations and pathogenesis.展开更多
Both viruses and host cells compete for intracellular polyamines for efficient propagation.Currently,how the key polyamine-metabolizing enzymes,including ornithine decarboxylase 1(ODC1)and its antizyme 1(OAZ1),are act...Both viruses and host cells compete for intracellular polyamines for efficient propagation.Currently,how the key polyamine-metabolizing enzymes,including ornithine decarboxylase 1(ODC1)and its antizyme 1(OAZ1),are activated to co-ordinate viral propagation and polyamine biosynthesis remains unknown.Here,we report that the matrix protein of rice stripe mosaic virus(RSMV),a cytorhabdovirus,directly hijacks OAZ1 to ensure the proper assembly of rigid bacilliform non-enveloped virions in leafhopper vector.Viral matrix protein effectively competes with ODC1 to bind to OAZ1,and thus,the ability of OAZ1 to target and mediate the degradation of ODC1 is significantly inhibited during viral propagation,which finally promotes polyamines production.Thus,OAZ1 and ODC1 are activated to synergistically promote viral persistent propagation and polyamine biosynthesis in viruliferous vectors.Our data suggest that it is a novel mechanism for rhabdovirus to exploit OAZ1 for facilitating viral assembly.展开更多
文摘As one of the most important aquatic fish,Micropterus salmoides suffers lethal and epidemic disease caused by rhabdovirus at the juvenile stage.In this study,a new strain of M.salmoides rhabdovirus(MSRV)was isolated from Yuhang,Zhejiang Province,China,and named MSRV-YH01.The virus infected the grass carp ovary(GCO)cell line and displayed virion particles with atypical bullet shape,300–500 nm in length and 100–200 nm in diameter under transmission electron microscopy.The complete genome sequence of this isolate was determined to include 11 526 nucleotides and to encode five classical structural proteins.The construction of the phylogenetic tree indicated that this new isolate is clustered into the Vesiculovirus genus and most closely related to the Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus.To explore the potential for a vaccine against MSRV,a glycoprotein(1–458 amino acid residues)of MSRV-YH01 was successfully amplified and cloned into the plasmid pFastBac1.The high-purity recombinant bacmid-glycoprotein was obtained from DH10Bac through screening and identification.Based on polymerase chain reaction(PCR),western blot,and immunofluorescence assay,recombinant virus,including the MSRV-YH01 glycoprotein gene,was produced by transfection of SF9 cells using the pFastBac1-gE2,and then repeatedly amplified to express the glycoprotein protein.We anticipate that this recombinant bacmid system could be used to challenge the silkworm and develop a corresponding oral vaccine for fish.
基金Project supported by Rice Biotechnology Program of the Rockefeller Foundation.
文摘The 3’ leader and the 5’ trailer of the rice yellow stunt rhabdovirus (RYSV) genomic RNA have been cloned and sequenced. Sequence data indicate that the RYSV leader region is composed of 203 nucleotides (nt) and the trailer region 191 nt. The terminal 9 nt of the two regions are complementary and capable of forming a putative panhandle structure common to rhabdovirus genomes. In comparison with the leader or trailer sequences of other rhab-doviruses reported so far, both the leader and trailer of RYSV are the longest and there is no obvious sequence homolo-gy between the counterparts except for a few terminal nt and the UGUU motif in the leader sequences. Polyadenylated plus-strand leader RNA has been detected in RYSV-infected rice plants by 3’ RACE. This is the second example in rhabdoviruses following the report for sonchus yellow net virus (SYNV) for existence of a polyadenylated leader RNA. No polyadenylated plus-strand transcripts of the RYSV trailer have been found using the similar method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31920103014,31970160)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2020J06015)。
文摘Multiple viral infections in insect vectors with synergistic effects are common in nature,but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Here,we find that rice gall dwarf reovirus(RGDV)facilitates the transmission of rice stripe mosaic rhabdovirus(RSMV)by co-infected leafhopper vectors.RSMV nucleoprotein(N)alone activates complete anti-viral autophagy,while RGDV nonstructural protein Pns11 alone induces pro-viral incomplete autophagy.In co-infected vectors,RSMVexploits Pns11-induced autophagosomes to assemble enveloped virions via N-Pns11-ATG5 interaction.Furthermore,RSMV could effectively propagate in Sf9 cells.Expression of Pns11 in Sf9 cells or leafhopper vectors causes the recruitment of N from the ER to Pns11-induced autophagosomes and inhibits N-induced complete autophagic flux,finally facilitating RSMV propagation.In summary,these results demonstrate a previously unappreciated role of autophagy in the regulation of the direct synergistic interaction during co-transmission of two distinct arboviruses by insect vectors and reveal the functional importance of virus-induced autophagosomes in rhabdovirus assembly.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31430091)the National Key Basic Research Program(2010CB126303)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology(2011FBZ12)
文摘Over the last 30 years,aquaculture has become the fastest growing form of agriculture production in the world,but its development has been hampered by a diverse range of pathogenic viruses.During the last decade,a large number of viruses from aquatic animals have been identified,and more than 100 viral genomes have been sequenced and genetically characterized.These advances are leading to better understanding about antiviral mechanisms and the types of interaction occurring between aquatic viruses and their hosts.Here,based on our research experience of more than 20 years,we review the wealth of genetic and genomic information from studies on a diverse range of aquatic viruses,including iridoviruses,herpesviruses,reoviruses,and rhabdoviruses,and outline some major advances in our understanding of virus–host interactions in animals used in aquaculture.
基金This work was partially supported by the following grants:the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31430091,31302214,31772890)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA08030202)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology(2016FBZ01).
文摘Aquatic vertebrates are very abundant in the world,and they are of tremendous importance in providing global food security and nutrition.However,emergent and resurgent viruses,such as ranavirus(e.g.,Rana grylio virus,RGV and Andriasd avidianus ranavirus,ADRV),herpesvirus(e.g.,Carassius carassius herpesvirus,CaHV),reovirus(e.g.,grass carp reovirus 109,GCRV-109,Scophthal musmaximus reovirus,SMReV and Micropterus salmoides reovirus,MsReV),and rhabdovirus(e.g.,Siniper cachuatsi rhabdovirus,SCRV and Scophthal musmaximus rhabdovirus,SMRV)can cause severe diseases in aquaculture animals and wild lower vertebrates,such as frogs,giant salamanders,fish,and so on.Here,we will briefly describe the symptoms produced by the aforementioned viruses and the molecular basis of the virus ehost interactions.This manuscript aims to provide an overview of viral diseases in lower vertebrates with an emphasis on visible symptomatic manifestations and pathogenesis.
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Taiyun Wei under grant number 31920103014the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Dongsheng Jia under grant number 31970160+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Xiaofeng Zhang under grant number 31871931the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province to Dongsheng Jia under grant number 2020 J06015.
文摘Both viruses and host cells compete for intracellular polyamines for efficient propagation.Currently,how the key polyamine-metabolizing enzymes,including ornithine decarboxylase 1(ODC1)and its antizyme 1(OAZ1),are activated to co-ordinate viral propagation and polyamine biosynthesis remains unknown.Here,we report that the matrix protein of rice stripe mosaic virus(RSMV),a cytorhabdovirus,directly hijacks OAZ1 to ensure the proper assembly of rigid bacilliform non-enveloped virions in leafhopper vector.Viral matrix protein effectively competes with ODC1 to bind to OAZ1,and thus,the ability of OAZ1 to target and mediate the degradation of ODC1 is significantly inhibited during viral propagation,which finally promotes polyamines production.Thus,OAZ1 and ODC1 are activated to synergistically promote viral persistent propagation and polyamine biosynthesis in viruliferous vectors.Our data suggest that it is a novel mechanism for rhabdovirus to exploit OAZ1 for facilitating viral assembly.
