Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in HIV/SIV infection. In the present study, we found a lower CD8+ T cell activation level in Macaca leonina (northern pig-tailed macaques, NPMs) than in...Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in HIV/SIV infection. In the present study, we found a lower CD8+ T cell activation level in Macaca leonina (northern pig-tailed macaques, NPMs) than in Macaca mulatta (Chinese rhesus macaques, ChRMs) during SIVmac239 infection. Furthermore, the levels of plasma LPS-binding protein and soluble CD14 in NPMs were lower than those in ChRMs. Compared with ChRMs, SIV-infected NPMs had lower Chiu scores, representing relatively normal intestinal mucosa. In addition, no obvious damage to the ileum or colon epithelial barrier was observed in either infected or uninfected NPMs, which differed to that found in ChRMs. Furthermore, no significant microbial translocation (Escherichia coli) was detected in the colon or ileum of infected or uninfected NPMs, which again differed to that observed in ChRMs. In conclusion, NPMs retained superior intestinal integrity and limited microbial translocation during SIV infection, which may contribute to their lower immune activation compared with ChRMs.展开更多
Data on diet were collected from one group of Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) between November 2005 and October 2006 at Seven-star Park,Guilin,Guangxi Province,using the instantaneous scan sampling method.Our results ...Data on diet were collected from one group of Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) between November 2005 and October 2006 at Seven-star Park,Guilin,Guangxi Province,using the instantaneous scan sampling method.Our results indicated that 60 plant species were used as food by the macaques.The types of foods including 40 species of trees,12 species of shrubs,4 species of vines,and 4 species of herbs.They showed food preference,and 69.4% of the diet came only from 10 species.Leaves constituted 41.0% of the diet,comprising 16.7% young leaves and 24.3% mature leaves.Petiole and bark accounted for 27.3% and 21.8% respectively.Fruits,flowers and seeds contributed a small proportion of the diet,6.2%,2.2%,and 1.4%,respectively.The macaques’diet varied according to season.In spring,the macaques fed predominantly on young leaves,petiole and bark.In summer,they increased the consumption of mature leaves and bark.The consumption of young leaves and mature leaves peaked in autumn,and the consumption of petiole and bark decreased significantly.In winter,the macaques increased significantly the consumption of petiole and bark,and also consumed mature leaves in large quantity.展开更多
基金partly supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1802284 81471620,81671627,81771770,81571606)+1 种基金13th Five-Year Key Scientific and Technological Program of China(2017ZX10304402-002-004,2017ZX10202102-001-005,2018ZX10301101-002-003,2018ZX10301406-003)Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDRW-ZS-2016-4)
文摘Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in HIV/SIV infection. In the present study, we found a lower CD8+ T cell activation level in Macaca leonina (northern pig-tailed macaques, NPMs) than in Macaca mulatta (Chinese rhesus macaques, ChRMs) during SIVmac239 infection. Furthermore, the levels of plasma LPS-binding protein and soluble CD14 in NPMs were lower than those in ChRMs. Compared with ChRMs, SIV-infected NPMs had lower Chiu scores, representing relatively normal intestinal mucosa. In addition, no obvious damage to the ileum or colon epithelial barrier was observed in either infected or uninfected NPMs, which differed to that found in ChRMs. Furthermore, no significant microbial translocation (Escherichia coli) was detected in the colon or ileum of infected or uninfected NPMs, which again differed to that observed in ChRMs. In conclusion, NPMs retained superior intestinal integrity and limited microbial translocation during SIV infection, which may contribute to their lower immune activation compared with ChRMs.
文摘Data on diet were collected from one group of Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) between November 2005 and October 2006 at Seven-star Park,Guilin,Guangxi Province,using the instantaneous scan sampling method.Our results indicated that 60 plant species were used as food by the macaques.The types of foods including 40 species of trees,12 species of shrubs,4 species of vines,and 4 species of herbs.They showed food preference,and 69.4% of the diet came only from 10 species.Leaves constituted 41.0% of the diet,comprising 16.7% young leaves and 24.3% mature leaves.Petiole and bark accounted for 27.3% and 21.8% respectively.Fruits,flowers and seeds contributed a small proportion of the diet,6.2%,2.2%,and 1.4%,respectively.The macaques’diet varied according to season.In spring,the macaques fed predominantly on young leaves,petiole and bark.In summer,they increased the consumption of mature leaves and bark.The consumption of young leaves and mature leaves peaked in autumn,and the consumption of petiole and bark decreased significantly.In winter,the macaques increased significantly the consumption of petiole and bark,and also consumed mature leaves in large quantity.
