Based on a one dimensional quantum wave guide theory, we investigate the ballistic conductance through an Aharonov Bohm ring with a quantum gate. The analytical expression of the conductance is exactly obtained as t...Based on a one dimensional quantum wave guide theory, we investigate the ballistic conductance through an Aharonov Bohm ring with a quantum gate. The analytical expression of the conductance is exactly obtained as the function of magnetic flux penetrating the ring and Fermi energy of indcident electrons. When Fermi energy equals that of bound states in the isolated stub, the conductance is fixed at a constant value which is only determined by the geometric structure of the ring system. We have found that there are a new kind of conductance oscillations for some special mesoscopic ring systems. As Fermi energy of incident electrons crosses that of bound state in the isolated stub, the conductance oscillations have no abrupt change of phase by π and are in phase. This striking feature is not in ageement with that of previous experiments and theories. The mechanism causing this new feature is discussed.展开更多
SPAD阵列的规模不断扩大对读出电路(Read-out Integrated Circuit,ROIC)提出了更高的要求,时间数字转换器(Time to Digital Converter,TDC)是ROIC的核心电路,完成对光子飞行时间(Time-of-Flight,TOF)高精度量化。为避免大规模阵列中高...SPAD阵列的规模不断扩大对读出电路(Read-out Integrated Circuit,ROIC)提出了更高的要求,时间数字转换器(Time to Digital Converter,TDC)是ROIC的核心电路,完成对光子飞行时间(Time-of-Flight,TOF)高精度量化。为避免大规模阵列中高频时钟信号长距离走线而引起的串扰和噪声干扰,抑制初相误差引起的检测精度退化,设计了一种基于内置时钟的ROIC阵列电路,阵列像素间距均为100μm,内置于各像素内的门控环形振荡器(Gated Ring Oscillator,GRO)独立提供像素TDC所需的高频分相时钟信号,各像素GRO均由像素外置锁相环(Phase Locked Loop,PLL)产生的压控信号控制。由于采用一种基于事件驱动的检测策略,只量化光子事件有效触发的TOF,有效降低了系统功耗。该芯片采用TSMC 0.18μm 1.8 V标准CMOS工艺制造,测试结果表明:TDC的时间分辨率和量程分别为102 ps和100 ns,微分非线性DNL低于0.8 LSB,积分非线性INL低于1.3 LSB,系统功耗小于59.3 mW。展开更多
文摘Based on a one dimensional quantum wave guide theory, we investigate the ballistic conductance through an Aharonov Bohm ring with a quantum gate. The analytical expression of the conductance is exactly obtained as the function of magnetic flux penetrating the ring and Fermi energy of indcident electrons. When Fermi energy equals that of bound states in the isolated stub, the conductance is fixed at a constant value which is only determined by the geometric structure of the ring system. We have found that there are a new kind of conductance oscillations for some special mesoscopic ring systems. As Fermi energy of incident electrons crosses that of bound state in the isolated stub, the conductance oscillations have no abrupt change of phase by π and are in phase. This striking feature is not in ageement with that of previous experiments and theories. The mechanism causing this new feature is discussed.
