Pavement performance model for road maintenance and repair planning: a review of predictive techniques

This paper provides a review of predictive analytics for roads,identifying gaps and limitations in current methodologies.It explores the implications of these limitations on accuracy and application,while also discussing how advanced predictive analytics can address these challenges.The article acknowledges the transformative shift brought about by technological advancements and increased computational capabilities.The degradation of pavement surfaces due to increased road users has resulted in safety and comfort issues.Researchers have conducted studies to assess pavement condition and predict future changes in pavement structure.Pavement Management Systems are crucial in developing prediction performance models that estimate pavement condition and degradation severity over time.Machine learning algorithms,artificial neural networks,and regression models have been used,with strengths and weaknesses.Researchers generally agree on their accuracy in estimating pavement condition considering factors like traffic,pavement age,and weather conditions.However,it is important to carefully select an appropriate prediction model to achieve a high-quality prediction performance system.Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each model enables informed decisions for implementing prediction models that suit specific needs.The advancement of prediction models,coupled with innovative technologies,will contribute to improved pavement management and the overall safety and comfort of road users.

Assessment of Performance Based Road Maintenance Practices in Nepal

Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them maintenance is essential. The delay of maintenance works can lead the road in the stage of expensive rehabilitation and reconstruction. In Nepal, Department of Roads (DoR) is responsible for maintenance of strategic roads of country. The maintenance practice of the road under Department of Road is predominantly based on Strengthen Maintenance Division Process where several maintenance activities like Routine maintenance, Recurrent Maintenance, Periodic Maintenance and Emergency Maintenance are planned and carried out. The maintenance work is based on traditional quantity and unit price based short term maintenance contracts, where maintenance of physical works is outsourced. Client demands the contractor what work is to be done, when to be do it and the extent of the work. The contractor is paid on the basis of a defined output or quantity accomplished, and the schedule of the rates. DoR engineers required full time supervision of work. Pilot based performance based maintenance practice of road started in Nepal in 2003. The study assesses performance road maintenance practices of road maintenance in Nepal on the basis of the framework of cost efficiency, level of service effectiveness and quality of service. The study concluded that implementation of Performance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) was not successful in Nepal as Road Asset condition was not maintained to performance standard. One of the reasons is the weak service delivery of contractor alongside weak contract enforcement from the road agency.

面向未来低碳道路养护的超薄罩面功能性研究综述

Highway maintenance mileage reached 5.25 million kilometers in China by 2021.Ultra-thin overlay is one of the most commonly used maintenance technologies,which can significantly enhance the economic and environmental benefits of pavements.To promote the low-carbon development of ultrathin overlays,this paper mainly studied the mechanism and influencing factors of several ultra-thin overlay functions.Firstly,the skid resistance,noise reduction,rutting resistance,and crack resistance of ultrathin overlays were evaluated.The results indicated that the high-quality aggregates improved the skid and rutting resistance of ultra-thin overlay by 5%-20%.The optimized gradations and modified binders reduced noise of ultra-thin overlay by 0.4-6.0 dB.The high viscosity modified binders improved the rutting resistance of ultra-thin overlay by about 10%-130%.Basalt fiber improved the cracking resistance of ultra-thin overlay by more than 20%.Due to the thinner thickness and better road performance,the performance-based engineering cost of ultra-thin overlay was reduced by about 30%-40%compared with conventional overlays.Secondly,several environmentally friendly functions of ultra-thin overlay were investigated,including snow melting and deicing,exhaust gas purification and pavement cooling.The lower thickness of ultra-thin overlay was conducive to the diffusion of chloride-based materials to the pavement surface.Therefore,the snow melting effect of self-ice-melting was better.In addition,the ultra-thin overlay mixture containing photocatalytic materials could decompose 20%-50%of the exhaust gas.The colored ultra-thin overlay was able to reduce the temperature of the pavement by up to 8.1℃.The temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the ultra-thin overlay containing thermal resistance materials could reach up to 12.8℃.In addition,numerous typical global engineering applications of functional ultra-thin overlay were summarized.This review can help better understand the functionality of ultra-thin overlays and promote the realization of future multi-functional and low-carbon road maintenance.

Application of BIM （Building Information Modeling） and GIS （Geographic Information System） to Railway Maintenance Works in Taiwan

Based on real jobs, this study was carried out the railway maintenance works in Taiwan. It hopes to use GIS （geographic information system） and BIM （building information modeling） for changing the maintenance model from ＂post-damage repair＂ to ＂preventive maintenance＂ accordingly, this research will build a railway repairing database that installs all repair data. This database will also connect to GIS so that can be the source of analysis and statistic for repair paln. The main results of research are as follows： （l） all data stored on cloud space that raises the ability to manage and plan on repair; （2） simplify the file work and increase the quantity of case data to the manager who can get more reliable source; （3） the data offer objective judgment to avoid subjective argument. The GIS information can be added to improve the maintenance because of good analysis.

Advanced industrial informatics towards smart,safe and sustainable roads:A state of the art

The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of users.Therefore,road construction,condition detection and monitoring,and timely maintenance are particularly important for engineers.Many engineering applications of industrial informatics approaches,like image processing technology,widely used computer-based algorithms,and advanced sensors,have been initially and gradually applied to roads.This state-of-the-art review first summarized the research on industrial applications of advanced information technologies in recent years,while analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.Especially,five topics were focused on road construction,road maintenance with decision strategy,road structure evaluation,smart sensing in the road,and cooperative vehicle infrastructure system.It is expected that advanced industrial informatics can help engineers promote the development of smart,safe,and sustainable roads.

Dodging the Potholes： The Spatio-Distribution and Socio-Economic Impacts of Potholes in the Residential Areas of Gweru, Zimbabwe

Since the year 2000, the city of Gweru has had an unprecedented proliferation of unattended potholes on most of its roads. These potholes have caused discomfort to the motoring public, caused death to others and damaged vehicles. This paper presents the results of a study that sought to establish the spatial distribution of potholes and determine their socio-economic impacts in Gweru＇s residential areas. Pothole location and dimensions were measured in the field whilst interviews and questionnaires were administered to vehicle owners, motor mechanic experts, drivers and the travelling public to determine their socio-economic and mechanical impacts. Stratified, convenience and purposive sampling methods were used in the selection of study streets and respondents to questionnaires and interviews. Results revealed that potholes are more concentrated in high density residential areas compared to low density areas. This is primarily due to the substandard construction of roads done in high density residential areas. Other causes of pothole formation identified during this study are poor drainage on the roads, rainfall impact, advanced age of roads, poor or lack of maintenance, type and volume of traffic as well as the effect of tree-root prying on paved surfaces. It is recommended that Gweru City Council enters into partnerships in road construction. The city should also establish fundraising projects to augment its budget. This would help ease problems of service delivery including road maintenance. Signposts can be erected to warn drivers about these hazards in the most affected streets and suburbs. It is also important that council set aside a toll-free telephone line link with road users so that areas where new potholes have been detected are quickly reported and attended to. This will not only save lives but also reduce road maintenance costs and vehicle damage.

Fleet size estimation for spreading operation considering road geometry,weather and traffic

Extreme weather conditions（i, e. snow storm） in winter time have caused significant travel disruptions and increased delay and traffic accidents. Snow plowing and salt spreading are the most common counter-measures for making our roads safer for motorists. To assist highway maintenance authorities with better planning and allocation of winter maintenance re- sources, this study introduces an analytical model to estimate the required number of trucks for spreading operation subjective to pre-specified service time constraints considering road geome- try, weather and traffic. The complexity of the research problem lies in dealing with heteroge- neous road geometry of road sections, truck capacities, spreading patterns, and traffic speeds under different weather conditions and time periods of an event. The proposed model is applied to two maintenance yards with seven road sections in New Jersey （USA）, which demonstrates itself fairly practical to be implemented, considering diverse operational conditions.