Analysis of Roadbed Splicing at Hub Interchanges

This article discusses the roadbed splicing for hub interchanges.The article starts with a description of the characteristics of junction roadbed splicing.The application of splicing technology is explained using a subgrade splicing scheme of a project.Roadbed splicing involves stepwise excavation and preparative measures like surface cleaning and backfilling.This article serves to provide a valuable reference for road and bridge construction and improve the quality of China’s road and bridge projects,so as to achieve sustainable development of the road and bridge engineering industry.

Reinforcement Technology for Soft Soil Roadbed in the Widened Section of Expressway Expansion

This article examines the soft soil roadbed reinforcement technology for widened sections of highways in a specific project.It provides an overview of the project,the principles of soft soil roadbed reinforcement technology for wide sections,and its practical application.The analysis aims to offer guidance on applying soft soil roadbed wide section reinforcement technology and enhancing the overall quality of similar projects.

Settlement Control Standards of Construction and Expansion for Mountainous Highway Roadbeds

This article analyzes the differential settlement of new and old roadbeds after widening and its characteristics based on a highway reconstruction and expansion project case study.The research proposes a subgrade settlement control standard that states that the maximum differential settlement value should be less than 5 cm when the embankment fill height exceeds 20 m.Similarly,the maximum differential settlement value should be less than 10 cm when the embankment fill height does not exceed 20 m.The findings of the study can provide a useful reference for the design of roadbed widening in highway reconstruction and expansion projects.

Analysis of Roadbed Pavement Designs for Highway Reconstruction and Upgrading

This paper focuses on the route and roadbed pavement design in highway reconstruction and upgrading projects.It discusses the importance of project design for highway reconstruction and upgrading,highlighting key aspects of route design and roadbed pavement design.The analysis reveals that the main design considerations in these projects include controlling factors of route reconstruction,expansion,and upgrading,as well as route plan design and longitudinal section design combined with roadbed pavement.In roadbed pavement design,it is crucial for designers to thoroughly collect existing data and make reasonable use of the current roadbed and pavement to develop a comprehensive design scheme.This analysis aims to provide a reference for the reasonable design of such projects.

Structural Design of Roadbed and Pavement in Transition Section of Roads and Bridges

As the lifeline of social development,road and bridge projects are the main channel to realize resource transportation and economic circulation.Ensuring the quality of road and bridge project construction is crucial for the development of society,the economy,and people’s livelihoods.This paper studies the design of roadbed pavement structures in road and bridge transition sections.It aims to provide technical references and significance for China’s road and bridge engineering design and construction units,promoting scientific and standardized design in these actions.This will contribute to the safety and stable operation of road and bridge projects,offering effective technical support.Furthermore,it seeks to foster the sustainable and healthy development of China’s road and bridge engineering on a macro level.

Stress distribution in roadbeds of slab tracks with longitudinal discontinuities

Stress concentration occurs in the foundations of railway tracks where discontinuous components are located.The exacerbated stress under the expansion joints in slab tracks may trigger foundation failures such as mud pumping.Although the higher stress due to the discontinuities of track structures has been discussed in past studies,few focused on the stress response of roadbeds in slab tracks and quantitatively characterized the stress pattern.In this paper,we performed a dynamic finite element analysis of a track-formation system,incorporating expansion joints as primary longitudinal discontinuities.The configurations of CRTS Ⅲ slab tracks and the contact conditions between concrete layers were considered.Numerical results show that longitudinal influencing length of induced stress on roadbed under wheel load relates to the contact conditions between concrete layers,increasing nonlinearly at a larger coefficient of friction.Given a measured coefficient of friction of 0.7,the calculated longitudinal influencing length(9.0 m) matches with field data.The longitudinal influencing length is not affected with the increasing velocity.As stress concentration arises with expansion joints,the worstcase scenario emerges when double-axle loads are exerted immediately above the expansion joints between concrete bases.A stress concentration factor Cvon the roadbed is proposed;it increases with the increasing velocity,changing from 1.33 to 1.52 at velocities between 5 and 400 km/h.The stress distribution on roadbeds transforms from a trapezoid pattern at continuous sections to a triangle pattern at points with longitudinal discontinuities.An explicit expression is finally proposed for the stress pattern on roadbed under expansion joints.Although structural discontinuities induce stress raiser,the extent of concentration is mitigated with increasing depth at different velocity levels.

Analysis of Highway Roadbed Performance Evaluation Technology

With the continuous development of China,the requirements for road construction are also increasing.Among them,strengthening the performance of roadbed test can effectively improve road construction.Besides,it is also crucial to perform suitable tests in a timely manner.Therefore,highway inspection technology should be improved for the continuous development of highway construction,which will be explained in this paper,in hopes of improving the construction of highway in China.

Mechanical properties of fiber and cement reinforced heavy metal-contaminated soils as roadbed filling

The treatment of contaminated soil is a crucial issue in geotechnical and environmental engineering.This study proposes to incorporate appropriate polypropylene fibers and cements as an effective method to treat heavy metal contaminated soil(HMCS).The objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of fiber content,fiber length,cement content,curing time,heavy metal types and concentration on the mechanical properties of soils.To this end,a series of direct shear test,unconfined compression strength(UCS)test,dry-wet cycle and freeze-thaw cycle test are performed.The results confirm that the appropriate reinforcement of polypropylene fibers and cement is an effective way to recycle HMCS as substitutable fillers in roadbed,which exhibits benefits in environment and economy development.

Permafrost Characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Methods of Roadbed Construction of Railway

Permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibet railway is featured by abundant ground ice and high ground temperature. Under the influence of climate warming and engineering activities, the permafrost is under degradation process. The main difficulty in railway roadbed construction is how to prevent thawing settlement caused by degradation of permafrost. Therefore the proactively cooling methods based on controlling solar radiation, heat conductivity and heat convection were adopted instead of the traditional passive methods, which is simply increasing thermal resistance. The cooling methods used in the Qinghai-Tibet railway construction include sunshine-shielding roadbeds, crushed rock based roadbeds, roadbeds with rock revetments, duct-ventilated roadbeds, thermosyphon installed roadbeds and land bridges. The field monitored data show that the cooling methods are effective in protecting the underlying permafrost, the permafrost table was uplifted under the embankments and therefore the roadbed stability was guaranteed.

Numerical simulation of roadbed slope under seismic action in permafrost regions

The deformation and strength characteristics of roadbed slope under seismic loading in permafrost regions are simulated numerically. The seismic response of roadbed at different positions and inclinations of a slope section was analyzed. Results show that, roadbed slope damage is mainly led by lateral displacement, and the deformation gradually decreases with increasing depth; roadbed and foundation displacement and plastic strain increases with the magnitude of slope angle, hence the roadbed safety factor will be reduced.

Design method of pile-slab structure roadbed of ballastless track on soil subgrade

Pile-slab structure roadbed is a new form of ballastless track for high speed railway. Due to lack of corresponding design code, based on the analysis of its structure characteristics and application requirements, it is proposed to carry out load effect combination according to ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state, and the most unfavorable combination of each state is chosen to carry through design calculation for pile-slab structure. Space model of pile-slab structure can be simplified as a plane flame model, by using the orthogonal test method, and the design parameter of pile-slab structure is optimized. Moreover, based on the engineering background of Suining-Chongqing high-speed railway, the dynamic deformation characteristics of pile-slab structure roadbed are further researched by carrying on the indoor dynamic model test. The test results show that the settlement after construction of subgrade satisfies the requirement of settlement control to build ballastless track on soil subgrade for high-speed railway. Slab structure plays the role of arch shell as load is transmitted from slab to pile, and the vertical dynamic stress of subgrade soil is approximately of ＂K＂ form distribution with the depth. The distribution of pile stress is closely related to soil characteristics, which has an upset triangle shape where the large dynamic stress is at the top. Pile compared with soil shares most dynamic stress. Pile structure expands the depth of the dynamic response of subgrade has limited effect on dynamic response. These results can provide subgrade. and improves the stress of subgrade soil, and the speed of train scientific basis for pile-slab structure roadbed used on soil

Roadbed, embankment, tower support and culvert stability problems on permafrost

The history of railway and highway construction in permafrost zones in Russia, the United States, Canada, and China spans more than 110 years. Nonetheless, no railway track or highway has yet been built in such area that is impervious to deformation caused by subsidence resulting from the thawing of ice-rich subgrade soils. This paper presents data on the roadbed states of the Trans- baikalian and the Baikal-Amur Railways as well as the Russian ＂AMUR＂ Chita-Khabarovsk Highway. It also discusses the feasi- bility of roadbed stability maintenance using methods based on the reduction of the mean annual ground temperature and roadbed preservation in a permafrost state by means of the natural cooling and heating factors ratio regulation resulting in a reduction of the heat generation in the roadbed and the adjoining area accompanied by an increase of heat consumption with help of the sun-precipitation protective sheds （awnings）, rock covers, dolomite powder （reflective paint）, cooling tube and thermosyphons as well as tower supports and corrugated pipe culverts stability.

Roadbed behavior subjected to tilting-train loading at rail joint and continuous welded rail

The tilting-train is very attractive to the railroad users in the world due to the advantage of high speed in curved track using pre-existing infrastructure of railway.Tilting-train has a unique allowable speed and mechanism especially in curved track.In this work,when tilting-train is operated with the allowable speed,the behavior of roadbed is evaluated by examining its settlement and bearing capacity.Additionally,the stability of roadbed is estimated as the roadbed is in the condition of soft soil influenced by the weather effects and cyclic train loading.Numerical results show that the roadbed settlement satisfies the allowable settlement when the elastic moduli of upper roadbed and in-situ soil are greater than 3800 and 4600 kN/m2 for rail joint and 2300 and 3300 kN/m2 for continuous welded rail(CWR).

Applying the AHP-FUZZY method to evaluate the measure effect of rubble roadbed engineering in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: a case study of Chaidaer-Muli Railway

This article attempts to investigate the measure effect of rubble roadbed engineering in permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. As a case study, Chaidaer-Muli Railway is used to evaluate the measure effect of rubble roadbed engineering in permafrost regions. The AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method is thus employed to establish the evaluation indicator system. The evaluation factor is selected by analyzing the mutual relation between the permafrost environment and roadbed engineering. Thus, a hierarchical structure model is established based on the selected evaluation indices. Each factor is weighted to determine the status in the evaluation system, and grading standards are built for providing a basis for the evaluation. Then, the fuzzy mathematical method is introduced to evaluate the measure effect of rubble roadbed engineering in permafrost regions along the Chadaer-Muli Railway. Results show that most of the permafrost roadbed is in a preferable condition(b) along the Chaidaer-Muli Railway due to rubble engineering measures. This proportion reaches to 86.1%. The proportion in good(a), general(c) and poor states(d) are 0.0%, 7.5% and 6.4%, respectively, in all the evaluation sections along the Chaidaer-Muli Railway. Ground-temperature monitoring results are generally consistent with AHP-FUZZY evaluation results. This means that the AHP-FUZZY method can be applied to evaluate the effect of rubble roadbed engineering measures in permafrost regions. The effect evaluation of engineering measures will provide timely and effective feedback information for further engineering design. The series of engineering measures will more effectively protect permafrost stability.

Roadbed Subsidence Mechanisms under the Driven of Penetration-Soak Coupling

Roadbed subsidence is one of the main types of highway flood damage, the periodic fluctuation of the river water level and the softening of the subgrade soils by the river water immersion for a long time are the main inducement factors of the subgrade subsidence. Based on the theory of absorbing water infiltration in unsaturated soil, calculation formula of dynamic stability coefficient of subgrade is established by using the Swedish arc method. Example analysis shows that, soil roadbed suffers the water permeability-soak, road-bed’s stability reduce with the time, and leads to roadbed subsidence. Research results for improving roadbed subsidence water logging mechanism understanding level have a positive meaning.

THE APPLICATION OF GROUND PENETRATING RADAR IN THE HIGHWAY ROADBED INVESTIGATION

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a new nondestructive geophysical method for road quality investigation. In this article, a section of the highway joints with the third Yangtze Bridge in Wuhan have been investigated using the RAMAC/GPR system developed by the MAL? GeoScience Company. Various antennas with different frequency were used in the exploration. And the data gathered by the unshielded antenna with frequency in 400 MHz is very well. Then the field data was processed using methods such as trace equalization, F K filtering, deconvolution filtering and so on. Through the processing, the GPR profile shows the underground structure more clearly. From the processed GPR profile, the sinking and slipping condition of the roadbed can be easily found. Most parts of the roadbed are well, but several parts of the roadbed have sunken or slipped seriously. Contrasts to the shallow seismic section, the GPR profile accords with it very well. It indicates that the GPR method is available and has the high efficiency in the highway roadbed investigation.

A Roadbed Cooling Approach for the Construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway

Over one half of the permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is “warm" and approximately 40% ice-rich. Under global warming, the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway needs to consider climate changes over the next 50～100 years. Recent estimates indicate that the air temperature on the plateau will increase by 2.2～2.6℃ by 2050. Thus, the key to the success of the railway construction lies in preventing the permafrost underlying roadbeds from thawing. It has been more than 100 years since the first railway was build over permafrost. A frost damage ratio of greater than 30% has been reported for all the railroads built in permafrost regions. Based upon the experience and lessons learned from roadway constructions over permafrost, this paper proposes a more proactive design approach for the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. This approach focuses on cooling down the roadbed by lowering the ground temperature and is different from the passive method of preventing permafrost from thawing by simply increasing thermal resistance (e.g., increasing embankment height and using insulating materials). This “roadbed cooling" design approach is especially relevant to “warm" and ice-rich permafrost areas. A number of measures can be taken to cool down the roadbed, including proper selection of roadbed material, and configurations to adjust solar radiation, heat convection, and heat conduction patterns in and/or around the roadbed.

广西大新红黏土工程地质特性及路基处治措施

研究目的:红黏土因其特殊的工程性质,容易引起边坡出现裂隙、垮塌、不均匀沉降等病害,对工程质量、安全、造价造成极大影响。本文对红黏土进行详细室内土工试验,分析研究红黏土的物理力学性特征,从而为红黏土边坡防护及填料利用提供相应的处治措施建议,以指导工程实践。研究结论:(1)该地区红黏土显示出高含水率、高饱和度、高孔隙比、高液限、高塑性、压缩性较小、黏聚力高、弱~中膨胀性的特征;(2)随深度增加,含水率、液限、孔隙比、液性指数、压缩系数逐渐增大,而黏聚力、压缩模量逐步降低,形成上硬下软的特征;(3)对红黏土路堑,提出采用“缓边坡、宽平台、固坡脚”的设计原则;(4)针对红黏土填料,提出根据击实后50 kPa下膨胀总率判定填料膨胀性,采取包边、加筋、设置垫层、无机结合料改良处治后用于路基填料;(5)本研究成果对广西红黏土地区勘察设计具有一定的参考价值。

基于CiteSpace知识图谱的冻土路基研究现状与趋势分析

冻土路基的稳定性对于寒区公路与铁路的安全运营至关重要。为全面了解冻土路基领域的研究现状及发展趋势,利用知识图谱工具CiteSpace对中国知网和Web of Science数据库中冻土路基相关文献进行了可视化分析。检索时间范围为2000年1月1日—2023年8月31日,共纳入1 027篇中文文献和854篇英文文献。结果表明:自2000年以来,冻土路基研究的发文量总体呈增长趋势;从2017年开始,英文文献的发布数量逐渐超过中文文献,其中我国学者在国际期刊的发文量占到80%左右;国内研究机构之间合作较为密切,以中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院和北京交通大学为核心的科研机构及院校在冻土路基的研究中起着主导作用,而国际机构间的合作还有待加强。关键词聚类与突现图谱表明,冻土路基的研究主要围绕多年冻土路基的稳定性、路基病害与补强措施、季节冻土路基的病害防治展开。近几年,冻土专家学者们聚焦于新型路基稳定措施,路基的水、汽迁移机理,以及高铁路基的冻胀防治研究,新材料、新技术及新结构不断被引入到冻土路基研究。未来随着新能源、材料学、人工智能、合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)等新一代技术与机械化的融合,冻土路基的稳定性补强措施和季节冻土路基的防冻胀措施会在提高效果的同时更加注重环保理念,冻土路基的施工、管理及监测也会不断向着数字化和智能化发展。

北方寒冷地区温度场作用下公路路表形变规律分析

为了更加具体、深入地理解寒区道路,研究其病害发生、发展规律,提高对道路结构在时间和空间上的认知,开展了北方寒冷地区路表形变规律的研究。通过选取典型公路路段,建立10个监测段落,对路基的冻胀、融沉变形持续进行现场高程监测。分析温度场作用下路表形变特征和响应机制,分析公路在自然条件下的时域形变特点、动态形变特征及差异性。分析周期监测数据,构建竖向相对形变、竖向相对形变速率、横断面间形变速率最大倍数等参数,比较不同段落、不同横断面和监测点间的形变及其差异。研究北方寒冷地区路表形变与温度场协调规律,结果表明:北方寒冷地区基于温度场的路表形变具有典型的周期特性。对比分析填、挖方路段纵横方向形变的差异特征,形变极值分布规律,以及结合热胀、冻胀、融沉阶段的相对形变规律及形变速率差异特点,结果发现:挖方路段形变速率是填方路段的10余倍;8月份至10月份的热胀速率大于10月份至11月份的热胀速率;融沉主要发生在3月份至5月份;而冻胀速率较为稳定,对于填方路段,11月份至次年1月份的冻胀大于1月份至2月份的冻胀,而挖方路段则相反。给出了寒冷地区路表形变的温度场时域响应规律、特点,为开展寒区路基、路面结构和材料研究,以及道路病害等研究提供了依据。