Complete Cototal Roman Domination Number of a Graph for User Preference Identification in Social Media

Many graph domination applications can be expanded to achieve complete cototal domination.If every node in a dominating set is regarded as a record server for a PC organization,then each PC affiliated with the organization has direct access to a document server.It is occasionally reasonable to believe that this gateway will remain available even if one of the scrape servers fails.Because every PC has direct access to at least two documents’servers,a complete cototal dominating set provides the required adaptability to non-critical failure in such scenarios.In this paper,we presented a method for calculating a graph’s complete cototal roman domination number.We also examined the properties and determined the bounds for a graph’s complete cototal roman domination number,and its applications are presented.It has been observed that one’s interest fluctuate over time,therefore inferring them just from one’s own behaviour may be inconclusive.However,it may be able to deduce a user’s constant interest to some level if a user’s networking is also watched for similar or related actions.This research proposes a method that considers a user’s and his channel’s activity,as well as common tags,persons,and organizations from their social media posts in order to establish a solid foundation for the required conclusion.

Roman控制数的一些结果

利用图论的方法研究了图G同其补图-G的Roman控制数,得到了完全图和完全多部图的补图的Ro-man控制数及图G同其补图G-的Roman控制数的关系;还研究了图G的生成子图H同G的Roman控制数的关系和极大无完美匹配的简单图G的Roman控制数.

Signed Roman (Total) Domination Numbers of Complete Bipartite Graphs and Wheels

A signed(res. signed total) Roman dominating function, SRDF(res.STRDF) for short, of a graph G =(V, E) is a function f : V → {-1, 1, 2} satisfying the conditions that(i)∑v∈N[v]f(v) ≥ 1(res.∑v∈N(v)f(v) ≥ 1) for any v ∈ V, where N [v] is the closed neighborhood and N(v) is the neighborhood of v, and(ii) every vertex v for which f(v) =-1 is adjacent to a vertex u for which f(u) = 2. The weight of a SRDF(res. STRDF) is the sum of its function values over all vertices.The signed(res. signed total) Roman domination number of G is the minimum weight among all signed(res. signed total) Roman dominating functions of G. In this paper,we compute the exact values of the signed(res. signed total) Roman domination numbers of complete bipartite graphs and wheels.

Roman Domination Number and Domination Number of a Tree

图 G = 上的罗马统治功能(V， E ) 是功能 f : V { 0， 1， 2 } 令人满意条件为的每顶点 u 0 是的 f (u)= 邻近至少一顶点 v 为它 f (v)= 2。罗马统治功能的重量是价值 f (V)= uVf (u) 。graphG 上的罗马统治功能的最小的重量，由 R (G) 表示了，被称为 G 的罗马统治数字。在这份报纸，我们将与 R (T)=(T)+ 描绘树 T 3。

有向图的Roman k-控制

设k是一个正整数,称f:V→{0,1,2}是有向图D=(V,A)的一个Roman k-控制函数,如果对于每个f(v)=0的顶点v,它至少有k个入邻点v_(1),v_(2),…,v_(k)满足f(v_(1))=f(v_(2))=…=f(v_(k))=2.Roman k-控制函数f的权值ω(f)是指在f的作用下各个顶点的值的和,即ω(f)=∑v∈Vf(v).有向图D的权值最小的Roman k-控制函数的权值称作有向图D的Roman k-控制数,记作γ{Rk}(D).注意到Roman 1-控制数γ{R1}(D)就是Roman控制数γR(D).首先给出了Roman k-控制数的一些性质,然后给出了一些特殊有向图的Roman k-控制数的界.

指向学科核心素养的高中学生英语自主泛读探究——以Roman holiday剧本阅读为例

分析英语学科核心素养与高中英语自主泛读、高中英语自主泛读与影视剧本阅读的关系。以Roman holiday剧本阅读为例,从读前、读中、读后三个环节探究学科核心素养下高中学生英语自主泛读的方法。认为英语自主泛读不仅能培养学生的学习能力、思维品质,还能发展学生的鉴赏能力,提高学生的人文素养。

自由青春释放,责任担当诠释——多维度视域下赏析《罗马假日》(Roman Holiday)

《罗马假日》(Roman Holiday)20世纪经典剧本,百看不厌,看后回味无穷,感受到公主青春无限,感叹公主激情四射,感觉公主光彩照人和感触公主精湛演绎,这部浪漫晦涩的经典爱情剧本改编成电影在电影史获得3项奥斯卡大奖,可谓经典当中的典范。该文从女主角高雅纯洁的爱情作基石,启迪青年人对和谐美满自由幸福的爱情生活追求和向往的同时,赞扬年轻人自律后的民族大义精神,诠释敢于担当自己肩上责任。

Material Culture as Amulets:Magical Elements and the Apotropaic in Ancient Roman World

This article aims to make a brief presentation on the elements of material culture in the ancient Palestinian region,mainly coins,which were removed from their production context and placed in funerary contexts(coins were often buried in graves),thus converted in amulets,acquiring magical and apotropaic senses.We will use examples verified in different parts of the Roman Empire,as in Pithekússai(modest island,which is in the Italian Peninsula),on the banks of the Thames,in Celtic contexts,more specifically in the current city of Lezoux,France,in the ancient city of Aquincum,present day Budapest,also in Tel Maresha and Tiberias,present-day Israel,to demonstrate how these practices were recurrent throughout the Empire.It is also our intention to observe iconographic elements that bring apotropaic content in their formulations,because,in addition to the role that coins could play in connecting the worlds of men and gods,many people believed that they had the power to project magical and apotropaic strength through images powerful that they portrayed.

Historical Bibliometrics Using Google Scholar: The Case of Roman Law, 1727–2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the historical and linguistic coverage of Google Scholar, using publications in the field of Roman law as an example.Design/methodology/approach: To create a dataset of Roman law publications, we retrieved a total of 21,300 records of publications, published between years 1500 and 2016, with title including words denoting "Roman law" in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish. Findings: We were able to find publications dating back to 1727. The largest number of publications and authors date to the late 19th century, and this peak might be explained by the role of Roman law in French legal education at the time. Furthermore, we found exceptionally skewed concentration of publications to authors, as well as of citations to publications. We speculate that this could be explained by the long time-frame of the study, and the importance of classic works. Research limitation: Major limitations, and potential future work, relate to data quality, and cleaning, disambiguation of publications and authors, as well as comparing coverage with other data sources. Practical implications: We find Google Scholar to be a promising data source for historical bibliometrics. This approach may help bridge the gap between bibliometrics and the "digital humanities".Originality/value: Earlier studies have focused mainly on Google Scholar's coverage of publications and citations in general, or in specific fields. The historical coverage has, however, received less attention.

Roman Jakobson语言功能论视域下2020年网络流行语的四大特征

2020年,受新型冠状病毒的影响,人们采用网络办公或网络学习的时间大幅度增加,网络和人们的关系更近了,这一年,网络流行语火热爆棚,体现出“一短三强”的四大语言特征:实效性更短、缩略性更强、幽默性更强、置换性更强。语言特征的改变势必会影响到语言功能的表达。本文从Roman Jakobson的语言功能视角出发,研究2020年网络语言的四大特征以及语言功能的变化,不仅有助于扩大布拉格学派语言功能的理论范畴,也有助于规范网络语言的使用,营造和谐的网络运行环境。

Sentiment Analysis of Roman Urdu on E-Commerce Reviews Using Machine Learning

Sentiment analysis task has widely been studied for various languages such as English and French.However,Roman Urdu sentiment analysis yet requires more attention from peer-researchers due to the lack of Off-the-Shelf Natural Language Processing(NLP)solutions.The primary objective of this study is to investigate the diverse machine learning methods for the sentiment analysis of Roman Urdu data which is very informal in nature and needs to be lexically normalized.To mitigate this challenge,we propose a fine-tuned Support Vector Machine(SVM)powered by Roman Urdu Stemmer.In our proposed scheme,the corpus data is initially cleaned to remove the anomalies from the text.After initial pre-processing,each user review is being stemmed.The input text is transformed into a feature vector using the bag-of-word model.Subsequently,the SVM is used to classify and detect user sentiment.Our proposed scheme is based on a dictionary based Roman Urdu stemmer.The creation of the Roman Urdu stemmer is aimed at standardizing the text so as to minimize the level of complexity.The efficacy of our proposed model is also empirically evaluated with diverse experimental configurations,so as to fine-tune the hyper-parameters and achieve superior performance.Moreover,a series of experiments are conducted on diverse machine learning and deep learning models to compare the performance with our proposed model.We also introduced the largest dataset on Roman Urdu,i.e.,Roman Urdu e-commerce dataset(RUECD),which contains 26K+user reviews annotated by the group of experts.The RUECD is challenging and the largest dataset available of Roman Urdu.The experiments show that the newly generated dataset is quite challenging and requires more attention from the peer researchers for Roman Urdu sentiment analysis.

The Importance of Food Security from the Perspective of Food Issue of the Roman Empire

This paper firstly introduced characteristics of the food production( or grain production) and regulation of the prosperous period of the Roman Empire. Then,it discussed the shortcomings and summarized the experience and lessons. It is expected to provide some references for construction of China's food security.

Differential Effects of Voluntary Ethanol Consumption on Dopamine Output in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell of Roman High- and Low-Avoidance Rats: A Behavioral and Brain Microdialysis Study

The Roman high(RHA) and low-Avoidance (RLA) rats were selectively bred for rapid vs poor acquisition of two-way active avoidance behavior. These lines differ in numerous behavioral traits, with RLA rats being more fearful/anxious than RHA rats, and the latter being novelty-seekers and showing larger intake of, and preference for, addictive substances including ethanol (ETH). Moreover, several differences in central dopaminergic, serotonergic, and GABAergic functions have been reported in these two lines. Since those neural systems are involved in the regulation of ETH consumption, it was considered of interest to investigate: 1) the differences in ETH intake and preference between RHA and RLA rats, 2) the effects of ETH on DA release in the shell of the nucleus accumbens (AcbSh) using brain microdialysis. ETH solutions of increasing concentrations (2% - 10%) were presented on alternate days in a free choice with water. To examine ETH intake and preference stability, animals were subsequently switched to daily presentations of 10% ETH for 10 consecutive days. RHA rats consumed significantly larger amounts of ETH and displayed higher ETH preference than did RLA rats throughout the acquisition and maintenance phases. Following chronic exposure to ETH the animals were habituated to a restricted access to ETH schedule (2% ETH, 2 h per day × 4 days) before surgical implantation of a dialysis probe in the AcbSh. Under these experimental conditions, voluntary ETH intake (2%, 1 h, p.o.) produced a significant increase in accumbal DA output in RHA rats but not in their RLA counterparts. Finally, the i.p. administration of ETH (0.25 g/kg) to na?ve Roman rats produced a significant increment in accumbal DA output only in RHA rats. These results indicate that the mesolimbic dopaminergic system of RHA rats is more responsive to the effects of ETH than that of RLA rats.

The Number of Minimum Roman and Minimum Total Dominating Sets for Some Chessboard Graphs

In this paper, both the roman domination number and the number of minimum roman dominating sets are found for any rectangular rook’s graph. In a similar fashion, the roman domination number and the number of minimum roman dominating sets are found on the square bishop’s graph for odd board sizes. Also found are the number of minimum total dominating sets associated with the light-colored squares when n?≡1(mod12)? (with n>1), and same for the dark-colored squares when n?≡7(mod12) .

Roman Urdu News Headline Classification Empowered with Machine Learning

Roman Urdu has been used for text messaging over the Internet for years especially in Indo-Pak Subcontinent.Persons from the subcontinent may speak the same Urdu language but they might be using different scripts for writing.The communication using the Roman characters,which are used in the script of Urdu language on social media,is now considered the most typical standard of communication in an Indian landmass that makes it an expensive information supply.English Text classification is a solved problem but there have been only a few efforts to examine the rich information supply of Roman Urdu in the past.This is due to the numerous complexities involved in the processing of Roman Urdu data.The complexities associated with Roman Urdu include the non-availability of the tagged corpus,lack of a set of rules,and lack of standardized spellings.A large amount of Roman Urdu news data is available on mainstream news websites and social media websites like Facebook,Twitter but meaningful information can only be extracted if data is in a structured format.We have developed a Roman Urdu news headline classifier,which will help to classify news into relevant categories on which further analysis and modeling can be done.The author of this research aims to develop the Roman Urdu news classifier,which will classify the news into five categories(health,business,technology,sports,international).First,we will develop the news dataset using scraping tools and then after preprocessing,we will compare the results of different machine learning algorithms like Logistic Regression(LR),Multinomial Naïve Bayes(MNB),Long short term memory(LSTM),and Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).After this,we will use a phonetic algorithm to control lexical variation and test news from different websites.The preliminary results suggest that a more accurate classification can be accomplished by monitoring noise inside data and by classifying the news.After applying above mentioned different machine learning algorithms,results have shown that Multinomial Naïve Bayes classifier is giving the best accuracy of 90.17%which is due to the noise lexical variation.

ROMAN LAW: OPENING THE SYSTEM

Throughout the 20th century, Roman Law was mainly an enigma for historians and classical philologists alike. Its position in the Faculties of Law as Legal History and a systematic, and sometimes even synchronic, perspective of many researchers on legal sources together with self-referential tendencies made it appear a closed system, even though the nestor of Altertumswissenschaften, Theodor Mommsen had once encompassed the trias history, law and philology, albeit with his own taxonomy and connected with his liberal ideas that can be frequently found in his Romische Geschichte and Romisches Staatsrecht.

Three Great Reformers of the Roman Army

Rome was famous because of its strong military force and it dominate the Mediterranean Sea.However,it was facing severe shortage of soldiers for a long time during 150 BCE.This problem had enormously effect on the Roman society and political life such as the appearance of slavery in Rome and the use of violence in Rome.The reasons why Rome had shortage f soldiers were related to its own military system and political system.The three great reformers,Tiberius Gracchus,Caius Gracchus and Caius Marius tried their best to solve the problem.Gracchus brothers failed but Marius succeed.Experiences we can learn from these reforms will also be mentioned.

Image of the Emperor and Common Belief in the Roman Empire

Literary sources,but also epigraphic evidence and above all artifacts and papyrus documents of the imperial age support the hypothesis that the common belief in the healthy and prophylactic power of the image of the Roman emperor was deeply rooted in the current mentality,so much so as to be assimilated by the contemporary philosophical and cultural context and propaganda.

Roman Abramovich:Legendary Russian Tycoon

For a man whose wealth has changed football,the world’s most popular game, everything about Russian billionaire,

世界中餐业联合会杨柳会长会见德国德乐集团亚太区总裁Roman Kupper

3月7日中午,世界中餐业联合会杨柳会长会见德国德乐集团（Doehler Group）亚太区总裁Roman Kupper先生,双方就如何拓展德乐集团市场、服务世界中餐业企业进行了亲切的交谈。杨柳会长介绍了世界中餐业联合会基本情况。她指出：世界中餐业联合会是唯一由国务院国有资产监督管理委员会管理的国家级、世界性餐饮协会组织,