Evaluation of Left Ventricular Rotation and Twist Using Speckle Tracking Imaging in Patients with Atrial Septal Defect

Speckle tracking imaging （STI） was employed to investigate the effect of right ventricular （RV） volume and pressure overload on left ventricular （LV） rotation and twist in 35 patients with atrial septal defect （ASD）, 18 of which with pulmonary hypertension, and 21 healthy subjects serving as controls. The peak rotations of 6 segments at the basal and apical short-axises and the average peak rotation and interval time of the 6 segments in the opposite direction during early systolic phase were measured respectively. LV twist versus time profile was drawn and the peak twist and time to peak twist were calculated. LV ejection fraction （EF） was measured by Biplane Simpson. Compared to ASD patients without pulmonary hypertension and healthy subjects, the peak rotations of posterior, inferior and postsept walls at the basal level were lower （P〈0.05）, and the average counterclockwise peak rotation of 6 segments at the basal level during early systolic phase was higher （P〈0.05）, and the average interval time was delayed （P〈0.05）. LV peak twist was also lower （P〈0.05）, and had a significant negative correlation with pulmonary arterial systolic pressure （r=-0.57, P=0.001）. No significant differences were found in LVEF among the three groups. It was suggested that although RV volume overload due to ASD has no significant effects on LV rotation and twist, LV peak twist is lower in ASD patients with pulmonary hypertension. Thus LV twist may serve as a new indicator of the presence of pulmonary hypertension in ASD patients.

Assessment of Left Ventricular Global Twist in Essential Hypertensive Heart by Speckle Tracking Imaging

The left ventricular twist was evaluated by 2-dimensional ultrasound speckle-tracking imaging （STI） in 50 patients with hypertension with normal geometric left ventricle （LV） and 45 normal subjects as control group. The mean value of LV rotation was obtained at each plane Using STI. LV twist and twist velocity were defined as apical rotation/rotation rate relative to the base respectively. To adjust the intersubject differences in heart rates, the time sequence were normalized. The results showed that peak twist developed near the end of systole. Peak LV twist was significantly higher in patients with hypertension than normal controls （P〈0.001）. The diastolic untwisting mainly occurred in early diastole （=38%）. Compared with normal controls, untwisting rate （Untw R） in patients with hypertension was significantly reduced （P〈0.001）, and untwisting half-time （UHT） was significantly delayed （P〈0.05）. This study demonstrated that STI has a potential ability to evaluate the early change of heart function in patients with hypertension by measuring the twist of LV.

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Left Ventricular Twist by Two-dimensional Ultrasound Speckle Tracking Imaging

To assess the normal value of left ventricular twist （LVtw） and examine the changes with normal aging by 2-dimensional ultrasound speckle-tracking imaging （STI）, 121 healthy volunteers were divided into three age groups： a youth group （19-45 y old）, a middle-age group （46-64 y old ） and an old-age group （≥65 y old）. Basal and apical short-axis images of left ventricular were acquired to analyse LV rotation （LVrot） and LVrot velocity. LVtw and LVtw velocity was defined as apical LVrot and LVrot velocity relative to the base. Peak twist （Ptw）, twist at aortic valve closure （AVCtw）, twist at mitral valve opening （MVOtw）, untwisting rate （UntwR）, half time of untwisting （HTU）, peak twist velocity （PTV）, time to peak twist velocity （TPTV）, peak untwisting velocity （PUV）, time to peak untwisting velocity （TPUV） were separately measured. The results showed that the normal LV performs a wringing motion with a clockwise rotation at the base and a counterclock- wise rotation at the apex （as seen from the apex）. The LVtw velocity showed a systolic counterclockwise twist followed by a diastolic clockwise twist. Peak twist develops near the end of systole （96%±4.2% of systole）. With aging, Ptw, AVCtw, MVOtw, HTU and PUV increased significantly （P〈0.05） and UntwR decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. However, no significant differences in TPUV, PTV and TPTV were noted among the 3 groups （P〉0.05）. It is concluded that LV twist can be measured non-invasively by 2-dimensional ultrasound STI imaging. The age-related changes of LVtw should be fully taken into consideration in the assessment of LV function.

Role of left ventricular twist mechanics in cardiomyopathies, dance of the helices

Left ventricular twist is an essential part of left ventricular function. Nevertheless, knowledge is limited in "the cardiology community" as it comes to twist mechanics. Fortunately the development of speckle tracking echocardiography, allowing accurate, reproducible and rapid bedside assessment of left ventricular twist, has boosted the interest in this important mechanical aspect of left ventricular deformation. Although the fundamental physiological role of left ventricular twist is undisputable, the clinical relevance of assessment of left ventricular twist in cardiomyopathies still needs to be established. The fact remains; analysis of left ventricular twist mechanics has already provided substantial pathophysiological understanding on a comprehensive variety of cardiomyopathies. It has become clear that increased left ventricular twist in for example hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be an early sign of subendocardial(microvascular) dysfunction. Furthermore, decreased left ventricular twist may be caused by left ventricular dilatation or an extensive myocardial scar. Finally, the detection of left ventricular rigid body rotation in noncompaction cardiomyopathy may provide an indispensible method to objectively confirm this difficult diagnosis. All this endorses the value of left ventricular twist in the field of cardiomyopathies and may further encourage the implementation of left ventricular twist parameters in the "diagnostic toolbox" for cardiomyopathies.

ON THE ENERGY STORAGE IN A SOLAR ACTIVE REGION AR5395 BY ROTATION MOVEMENT (ABSTRACT)

In this paper based on the fact that there is rotation movement in a solar active re-gion AR5395 a twisted intergrowth magnetic flow tube model of the flares was persented.A complets set of MHD equations was used to study the energy storage in the active re-gion by rotation movement. By means of numerical method the couple effect

Calculation on Torsional Stiffness of Twist—Drill by Finite Element Method

This paper refers a method of isoparameter elements to calculate the torsional stiffness of thetwist-drill which is researched firstly by means of the finite element method.

Dynamic NMR and Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer Excited States

In this paper the results of dynamic NMR studies on ethylmethylamino-tertiary-butyl-phenylborane (EMABPB) with or without light are reported. The NMR data were recorded on a Bruker 400 MHz NMR equipped with our custom-made optical probe and with our custom-made 450 watts (W) monochromatic light sources. The molecular photochemistry including twisted intramolecular charge-transfer-excited-state (TICT) of the EMABPB in several solvents has been investigated. These results indicate that the aminoborane demonstrates multiple configurations in CD3Cl and CD2Cl2 resulting in the shifts of the signals of the alkyl groups on the nitrogen and boron. This indicates that there are some time-dependent changes at constant temperature over the irradiation interval. At ﹣60°C and the presence of light (λ = 265 nm), we observed a large change in the populations of the two sites, and this by itself indicates a modification in the rotation around the boron nitrogen bond in the excited state. By considering the existence of the TICT state, many important energy technologies may be developed with higher efficiency by controlling the back-electron transfer processes.

Thermal transport in twisted few-layer graphene

Twisted graphene possesses unique electronic properties and applications, which have been studied extensively. Recently, the phonon properties of twisted graphene have received a great deal of attention. To the best of our knowledge,thermal transports in twisted graphene have been investigated little to date. Here, we study perpendicular and parallel transports in twisted few-layer graphene（T-FLG）. It is found that perpendicular and parallel transports are both sensitive to the rotation angle θ between layers. When θ increases from 0° to 60°, perpendicular thermal conductivity κ（｜｜） first decreases and then increases, and the transition angle is θ = 30°. For the parallel transport, the relation between thermal conductivity κand θ is complicated, because intra-layer thermal transport is more sensitive to the edge of layer than their stacking forms. However, the dependence of interlayer scattering on θ is similar to that of κ⊥. In addition, the effect of layer number on the thermal transport is discussed. Our results may provide references for designing the devices of thermal insulation and thermal management based on graphene.

Propagation of rotating elliptical Gaussian beams from right-handed material to left-handed material

By applying the ABCD matrix method, we report the propagating properties of the rotating elliptical Gaussian beams（REGBs） from the right-handed material（RHM） to the left-handed material（LHM）. Based on the propagation equation, we obtain the intensity distributions of the REGBs during the propagation. It is found that the rotating direction of the REGBs is opposite in the RHM and the LHM, and the rotation angles tend to be π /2 as the propagation distance is long enough.Then we analyze the relationship between the refractive index and the rotating velocity. Furthermore, the energy flow and the angular momentum（AM） of the REGBs which can rotate are also obtained.

基于Super-Twisting无位置滑膜观测器的永磁同步电机控制

针对永磁同步电机在一些工作场合精度要求较高的情况,在永磁同步电机数学模型的基础上,文中提出了一种二阶Super-Twisting滑膜理论算法。该方法对电机的反电动势观测值进行运算处理,通过得到电机速度和位置信息来实现永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制。根据Lyapunov稳定性理论可知,该控制系统稳定。在MATLAB/Simulink工具中搭建系统仿真模型来验证该理论算法的有效性。仿真结果表明,相较于传统滑膜观测器,该算法有效削弱了滑膜抖振,提高了系统的估算精度和响应速度,使其能更好地跟踪转子的位置和速度信息。

高转速背景下涡轮分子泵的发展机遇与挑战

传统直叶片结构的涡轮分子泵在高转速的背景下面临着新的发展机遇与挑战,为了突破当前遇到的“涡轮分子泵的抽气速率随着涡轮转速增加到一定程度以后就不再增加,仿佛进入了一个饱和状态”的瓶颈问题,文章从分子气体动力学基本原理出发,采用蒙特卡洛方法,分析了涡轮转速提高以后给涡轮分子泵的抽气机制带来的新变化,发现了传统直叶片结构的抽气叶列和抽气模式与目前达到的高转速不匹配限制了抽速的提升,但高转速背景下又为其抽气性能的提升提供了可能。理论分析和研究发现在涡轮叶列中设置随叶片半径变化的扭转叶片是突破瓶颈的途径,论述了设置扭转叶片的根本原因,提出了高转速小角度的设计理念和新型扭转叶片的几何建模的方法,以期实现最佳叶列结构的设计与求解,为研制高转速下高性能、高适应性涡轮分子泵提供理论依据与技术支撑,也为将来涡轮分子泵的结构优化设计提供了一个方向。

基于宽频带混合法的跨断层地震动模拟研究

跨断层区域地震动(跨断层工程结构所在极近断层区域的地震动,以下简称跨断层地震动)与近场地震动在空间上的分布规律存在显著差异,而跨断层地震动记录匮乏导致跨断层结构抗震研究难以开展。文中简要介绍了宽频带混合法模拟地震动的基本理论,并以则木河断层为工程背景进行跨断层地震动的模拟,系统研究了跨断层地震动的分布规律。结果表明,模拟的跨断层地震动符合断层滑动模式,并且存在显著的方向性效应、上盘效应和滑冲效应,总体上模拟的跨断层地震动强度符合一定的衰减规律,但受断层破裂的影响会导致不规律甚至反规律。同时,实际地表破裂位置与断层破裂大滑移区对跨断层地震动分布规律会造成较大的影响。通过宽频带混合法人工模拟的跨断层地震动时间序列能解决跨断层地震动实测记录不足的问题,为跨断层结构抗震研究提供有力支撑。

Nonlinear transient responses of rotating twisted FGM cylindrical panels

This paper develops a new structure dynamic model to investigate nonlinear transient responses of the rotating blade made of functionally graded material(FGM). The rotating blade is simplified as a rotating FGM cylindrical panel with a presetting angle and a twist angle. The geometric nonlinearity effects are taken into account in the strain-displacement relationships, which are derived by Green strain tensor. Based on the first-order piston theory and the first-order shear deformation theory, the equations of motion for the rotating twisted FGM cylindrical panel are acquired by means of Hamilton principle and Galerkin method.Backward Differentiation Formula(BDF) and Runge-Kutta Algorithm are used to solve the nonlinear equations of motion for the system. The effects of four pulse load conditions on the system subjected to the internal pulse load or the external pulse load are fully discussed. A detailed parametric analysis is performed by considering the effects of the rotating speed, volume fraction index and temperature.

Thermal Energy-Driven Solid-State Molecular Rotation Monitored by Real-Time Emissive Color Switching

Inspired by nature’s molecular machines,the scientific research on solid-state molecular rotors is of great interest yet remains largely unexplored.Herein,we report a unique example of a thermal energydriven stimuli-responsive solid-state molecular rotor,which features an o-carborane moiety as a rotor that directly transduces the surrounding thermal energy into molecular rotations in the crystalline state.Its rotation is confirmed by X-ray diffraction.

THE EFFECT OF PLASMA ROTATION ON AXISYMMETRIC MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATION

The concept of twisting magnetic field was proposed by Cold and Hoyle to explain the process of energy storage of solar flare. Many authors henceforth investigated the characteristics of the configurations of twisting and shearing magnetic fields. In view of the fact that there is close link between the shearing and twist-

Frequency Veering of Rotating Metal Porous Twisted Plate with Cantilever Boundary Using Shell Theory

The frequency veering of a metal porous rotating cantilever twisted plate with twist angle and stagger angle is investigated.Metal porous materials may have the characteristics of gradient or uniform distribution along the thickness direction.Based on the classical shell theory,considering the influence of centrifugal force produced by high-speed rotation,the free vibration equations of a rotating cantilever twisted plate are derived.Through the polynomial function and Rayleigh-Ritz method,the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the metal porous cantilever twisted plate in both static and rotating states are derived.The accuracy of the present theory and calculation results is confirmed by a comparison between them and the results available from the literature and those obtained from Abaqus.The influences of the thickness ratio,porosity,twist angle,stagger angle and rotational velocity on the frequency veering and mode shape shift of the rotating cantilever twisted plate with porous material under three different distributions are analyzed.It should be mentioned that the frequency veering accompanied by mode shape shift occurs in both static and dynamic states.

单调回复关系中稳定的Farey相邻元与拓扑熵

论文旨在利用数论中的Farey相邻元研究高维柱面扭转映射系统的复杂性。鉴于单调回复关系的解和高维柱面扭转映射的轨道之间存在一一对应的关系,问题转化为研究单调回复关系解系统的复杂性。假定单调回复关系的旋转集中有一对稳定的Farey相邻元p/q和p′/q′,利用周期延拓的方法,构造一对交换旋转数p/q和p′/q′的上下解,进而根据Angenent判据,得到系统具有正拓扑熵的结论。

Transient Response of High Dimensional Nonlinear Dynamic System for a Rotating Cantilever Twisted Plate

Dynamic transient responses of rotating twisted plate under the air-blast loading and step loading respectively considering the geometric nonlinear relationships are investigated using classical shallow shell theory.By applying energy principle,a novel high dimensional nonlinear dynamic system of the rotating cantilever twisted plate is derived for the first time.The use of variable mode functions by polynomial functions according to the twist angles and geometric of the plate makes it more accurate to describe the dynamic system than that using the classic cantilever beam functions and the free-free beam functions.The comparison researches are carried out between the present results and other literatures to validate present model,formulation and computer process.Equations of motion describing the transient high dimensional nonlinear dynamic response are reduced to a four degree of freedom dynamic system which expressed by out-plane displacement.The effects of twisted angle,stagger angle,rotation speed,load intensity and viscous damping on nonlinear dynamic transient responses of the twisted plate have been investigated.It’s important to note that although the homogeneous and isotropic material is applied here,it might be helpful for laminated composite,functionally graded material as long as the equivalent material parameters are obtained.

Left Sided Acute Appendicitis: Radiological Aspects

Left sided appendicitis is a rare pathology. Two situations may explain the occurrence of the disease: situs inversus or midgut malrotation. Its diagnosis is based on clinical presentation but confirmed by radiological examination. Our observation is based on a left-sided acute appendicitis with a midgut malrotation in a 31-year-old patient with no clinical history.

捻向与捻法对钢丝绳扭矩系数的影响

扭转系数是钢丝绳的一个固有属性,决定钢丝绳在使用过程中的抗旋转性能。扭矩系数与钢丝绳几何结构参数有关,包括各层钢丝(股)数、各层钢丝(股)公称直径、各层股(绳)捻角及股(绳)捻向(捻法)。文中以6×7-WSC钢丝绳为例,解释股(绳)捻向是影响钢丝绳扭矩系数的核心因素;并以公称直径为38 mm,结构6×19S-IWRC的钢丝绳为例,对钢丝绳捻向、组股捻向进行排列组合,计算32种不同捻向配置的钢丝绳扭矩系数。计算结果表明:同向捻钢丝绳的扭矩系数为交互捻钢丝绳的1.56倍,即交互捻钢丝绳抗旋转性能优于同向捻钢丝绳;并得到6股钢丝绳抗旋转性能最优的股绳捻向配置;左交互捻与右交互捻钢丝绳及组股的捻法符合镜像对称。