Dynamic Characteristics of Multi-degrees of Freedom System Rotor-bearing System with Coupling Faults of Rub-impact and Crack

Extensive studies on rotor systems with single or coupled multiple faults have been carried out. However these studies are limited to single-span rotor systems. A finite element model for a complex rotor-bearing system with coupled faults is presented. The dynamic responses of the rotor-bearing system are obtained by using the rotor dynamics theory and the modern nonlinear dynamics theory in connection with the continuation-shooting algorithm（commonly used for obtaining a periodic solution for a nonlinear system） for a range of rub-impact clearances and crack depths. The stability and Hopf instability of the periodic motion of the rotor-bearing system with coupled faults are analyzed by using the procedure described. The results indicate that the finite element method is an effective way for determining the dynamic responses of such complex rotor-bearing systems. Further for a rotor system with rub-impact and crack faults, the influences of the clearances are significantly different for different rub-impact stiffness. On the contrary, the influence of crack depths is rather small. The instability speeds of the rotor-bearing system increase due to the presence of the crack fault. The results obtained using the new finite element model, presented for computation and analysis of dynamic responses of the rotor-bearing systems with coupled faults, are in accordance with measurements in experiment. The formulations given can be used for diagnosis of faults, vibration control, and safe and stable operations of real rotor-bearing systems.

Nonlinear Vibration of Rotor Rubbing Stator Caused by Initial Perturbation

The vibration of a rotor rubbing a stator caused by an initial perturbation was studied analytically. The analytical model consists of a simple disc shaft rotor and a fixed stator. The perturbation is an instantaneous change of the radial velocity when the rotor is operating in its normal steady state. The analysis showed that the rotor may continue rubbing the stator for small clearance, even if the initial perturbation no longer exists. For the interest of engineering applications, we investigated various rotating speeds, perturbation amplitudes and clearances between the rotor and the stator. Various friction coefficients on the contact surface were also considered. The graphical results can be used for the design of rotating machines.

Nonlinear dynamic behavior of rubbing rotor under interaction between bending and torsional vibrations

The nonlinear dynamic behavior of a rubbing rotor system was studied with a mathematical model established with the eccentricity and interaction between bending and torsional vibrations taken into consideration. The nonlinear vibrational response of a rubbing rotor was analyzed using numerical integral, spectroscopic analysis and Poince mapping method, which made it possible to have better understanding of the vibrational characteristics of partial rubbing and complete circular rubbing rotors. The numerical results reveal the response of torsional vibration mainly takes a form of superchronous motion, and its frequency decreases as the rotational speed increases when partial rubbing occurs, and the response of torsional vibration is synchronous when complete circular rubbing occurs. The comparison of the dynamics of rubbing rotors with and without the interaction between bending and torsional vibrations shows the interaction between bending and torsional vibrations advances the rotational speed, at which the response of bending vibration changes from a synchronous motion into a quasi periodic motion, and the interaction between bending and torsional vibrations reduces stability of the rubbing rotor.

Rubbing-Induced Vibration Response Analysis of Dual-Rotor-Casing System

Considering gyroscopic effects caused by rotational speed,torsional vibration as well as coupling effects among inner rotor,out rotor and casing,a dynamic model of the dual-rotor-casing system is established using finite element(FE)method.By comparing the natural characteristics obtained from MATLAB and ANSYS,the developed model is verified.Then rubbing-induced vibration responses in dual-rotor-casing system are analyzed.The effects of rotational speed and speed ratio on rubbing vibration responses of the system are discussed.Results show that different combined frequency components will appear in the spectrum except two unbalanced excitation frequencies and their multiple frequency components,and these frequencies can be used as the dual-rotor aero-engine rubbing failure diagnosis frequencies when rubbing occurs.Besides,the amplitude of torsional vibration is larger than that of lateral vibration under the same working condition,and speed ratio has a great impact on the periodicity of the system rubbing-induced motion trajectory.The amplitude of rubbing-induced responses under counter-rotation is less than that under co-rotation with the same parameters.

INFLUENCES ON COUPLED LATERAL AND TORSION VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF RUB-IMPACT ROTOR BY ROTOR-TO-STATOR CLEARANCE

With the establishment of the nonlinear coupled lateral and torsion vibrationequations of rub-impact Jeffcott rotor and through numerical simulations, the influences on lateraland torsion vibration behavior by rotor-to-stator clearance are analyzed, which prove that there isstrong impact on coupled lateral and torsion vibration behavior. Smaller the clearance is, morecomplex the motion of rotor is. When the clearance is larger, the frequency spectrum of rub-impactrotor is mainly composed of 1/2X, 1/3X and 1/4X components. With the decrease of clearance,quasi-periodic and chaotic motions will be present. Under different clearances, the bifurcationdiagrams of lateral and torsion vibrations can be divided into rub-free zone, rub-light zone andthree complex motion zones in which the motion trend of lateral vibration is similar to that of thetorsion vibration. Compared with the lateral vibration, the torsion vibration is of more motionforms and more abundant frequency components in amplitude spectrum.

Bifurcation on synchronous full annular rub of rigid-rotor elastic-support system

An aero-engine rotor system is simplified as an unsymmetrical-rigid-rotor with nonlinear-elastic-support based on its characteristics. Governing equations of the rubbing system, obtained from the Lagrange equation, are solved by the averaging method to find the bifurcation equations. Then, according to the two-dimensional constraint bi- furcation theory, transition sets and bifurcation diagrams of the system with and without rubbing are given to study the influence of system eccentricity and damping on the bi- furcation behaviors, respectively. Finally, according to the Lyapunov stability theory, the stability region of the steady-state rubbing solution, the boundary of static bifurcation, and the Hopf bifurcation are determined to discuss the influence of system parameters on the evolution of system motion. The results may provide some references for the designer in aero rotor systems.

Research on Rubbing-fault Diagnosis System in High-speed Rotor based on LabVIEW

The rubbing between rotors and determiners is the common mechanic vibration fault in the operation of rotation machinery. During the operation of equipment, in order to meet the demand of high speed and efficiency of machinery, the gap between the active and passive parts of the rotor system become smaller, which results in the common rubbing fault of rotors and stators. This essay studies the fault diagnosis of high speed rotors based on invented instrument and shows the measurement and research of the signals of rubbing failure of high speed rotors. The research introduces the designed software and hardware which are experimented and testified on Bentley rotor experiment platform. The system has theoretical and applicative meaning in practical projects.

Blade-Loss-Caused Rubbing Dynamic Characteristics of Rotor-Bladed Disk-Casing System

Considering the elastic supports,the finite element model of rotor-bladed disk-casing system is established using commercial software ANSYS/LS-DYNA.Assuming that broken blade is released from the disk,the complicate rubbing responses of unbalanced rotor-bladed disk-casing system are studied under different operational speeds.In addition,influences of both plastic deformation of blade and casing failure are analyzed.The results show that there exist some multiple even fractional frequencies in the transient and steady vibration responses of unbalanced rotor.Besides,one nodal diameter vibration of bladed disk coupling with the lateral vibration of the shaft as well as the first order bending vibration of blade can be excited under low operational speed,while the first order bending vibration of blade coupling with the lateral vibration of disk-shaft is easily excited under high operational speed.During rubbing process,three distinct contact states can be observed:broken blade-casing contact,broken blade-blade component-casing contact and broken blade-casing contact/blade component-casing contact/blade selfcontact.It is worth noting that the third contact state is related to the operational speed.With the increase of operational speed,self-contact in the blade may occur.

Dynamical Analysis of Rub-impact Rotor System with Asymmetric Oil Film Force

Considering the effect of non-symmetry film force, nonlinear stiffness and nonlinear friction force, a dynamical model of rub-impact rotor system is established, then the nonlinear dynamical behavior is studied by numerical analysis method. The effect of rotation speed, nonlinear stiffitess ratio and speed effect factor on brifurcation and chaotic behavior for rub-impact rotor system is comprehensively analyzed. The analysis results show that the effect of non-symmetry film force, nonlinear stiffness and nonlinear friction force on the dynamical behavior of the rotor system has close relation with rotation speed. The chaotic behavior exists in a wider parameter region, and the chaotic evolution rule is more complicated. The research provides a reliable theory basis and reference for diagnosing some faults of the rotor system.

The mechanism of stiffness increase phenomenon of a rubbing disk

The phase characteristic of a disk rubbing with a ring supported elastically is investigated and used to explain the mechanism of stiffness increase phenomenon. As long as the rubbing is maintained, the averaged phase difference between the disk and the rotating mass on the disk is defi- nitely less than π/2. When the rubbing finishes, the phase difference quickly approaches to 7r. This behavior is inde- pendent of the physics parameters of the rubbing system. The theoretical results are qualitatively verified with experiments.

轴流式水轮发电机组不对中-碰摩耦合故障振动特性分析

针对轴流式水轮发电机组因联轴器偏角不对中引起的碰摩转子-转轮系统振动问题,基于修正的LuGre摩擦模型,该研究推导了联轴器不对中故障下转轮叶片碰摩力表达式。在此基础上,搭建了综合考虑不平衡磁拉力等外激励作用下系统动力学模型。采用数值方法研究了不对中角度对系统振动特性的影响,并结合Floquet理论分析了以转速为控制变量的系统周期解稳定性。结果表明,不对中的存在增大了系统发生失稳可能性,显著改变了系统动态特性。此外,不对中角度对转子与转轮振动响应的影响具有较大差异,随着不对中角度的增加,转轮振动变化明显且碰摩程度较为恶劣。该研究结果可为轴流式水轮发电机组安全运行及稳定性分析提供有益借鉴。

双盘转子—电磁轴承系统的碰摩振动特性

转子系统的非线性振动是工程实际中的复杂问题,尤其转子系统碰摩振动的强非线性动力学特性,诱发倍周期分岔、hopf分岔及混沌等复杂现象。建立一类考虑碰摩故障的主动电磁轴承支撑双盘转子系统的力学模型,基于非线性动力学和转子动力学理论,采用多目标协同、多参数耦合仿真分析,运用变步长4阶Runge-Kutta法数值计算,通过获得的转子系统周期分岔图、碰摩分岔图、轴心轨迹图、Poincaré映射图、最大碰摩力及碰摩占空比曲线图,揭示了转子系统的非线性动态响应。同时研究复杂转子系统的碰摩振动特性与结构参数的关联关系。计算结果表明,系统的间隙阈值越小且转速越低条件下的周期碰摩振动越具复杂性和多样性,且系统因碰摩故障引发的最大碰摩力及碰摩占空比曲线峰值也较高。系统的定子刚度比越大,其表现出的各类周期碰摩振动的振动幅值和冲击速度越高;最大碰摩力越大。系统的偏心比值越大,系统的周期碰摩振动模式类型越多样化且混沌窗口越多;系统的各类周期碰摩振动产生的最大碰摩力和碰摩占空比也越高。同时,进一步分析了基本周期振动、亚谐振动、概周期振动和混沌的发生区域及转迁规律。研究结果可以有效地为该类转子系统动态匹配设计、大数据诊断与协同优化提供实际指导意义。

基于MRD优化布置的水轮发电机组碰摩系统振动抑制

针对水轮发电机组转子-转轮系统碰摩故障问题,采用磁流变液阻尼器(magneto-rheological damper,MRD)对轴系振动进行抑制,旨在探究MRD对机组轴系振动的影响规律及其对系统碰摩故障的抑制效果。首先,将机组轴向位置函数引入MRD非线性动力学模型,推导了碰摩故障下含轴向分布参数的MRD-转子-转轮系统动力学方程。其次,基于数值模拟方法,以机组转速为控制参数对比分析了是否考虑MRD的转子-转轮系统非线性动力学行为。最后,研究了不同MRD轴向布置参数对碰摩转子-转轮系统动力学行为的影响。研究结果表明:MRD的加入对转子、转轮非稳态运动具有良好约束作用,能够显著减小转子、转轮振动幅值,有效避免了机组轴系碰摩故障的发生;当阻尼器位置参数s_(1)、s_(2)分别取0.25与0.95时,MRD对系统的减振效果最佳。通过在机组轴系合理布置MRD,可有效改善系统振动情况,从而为水轮发电机组振动控制提供有益指导。

转子-机匣耦合系统碰摩非线性特征研究

转子-机匣碰摩问题是航空发动机中最常见故障之一。在临界转速附近,转子振动幅值会急剧增大,超过转子-机匣初始间隙就会引起碰摩。为了进一步探究碰摩机理,建立了考虑阻尼的非线性碰摩力模型并将其耦合在转子-机匣系统模型中,采用四阶Runge-Kutta法求解,给出了不同转速下转子-机匣系统的响应分岔图,研究了转子-机匣系统的振动响应。同时,分别讨论了碰撞恢复系数、碰摩间隙对转子运动和碰摩力的影响。结果表明:碰撞恢复系数减小会导致转子-机匣嵌入深度增大,从而导致碰摩力增大。碰摩间隙会改变碰摩的频率,且随着间隙的减小,碰摩的频率增大。

盘轴松动⁃碰摩耦合故障转子系统振动特性研究

转子系统在运转过程中可能会发生零件掉落、松动等情况,导致外加物体与转轴发生碰摩。针对这个问题,考虑盘轴松动与碰摩同时发生的情况,建立具有耦合故障的转子系统有限元模型。利用有限元软件对系统进行仿真,分析盘轴间的松动程度对系统振动特性的影响,并通过试验进行验证。结果表明,转子系统的时域波形周期性变化,频谱以转轴转动频率成分为主。随着盘轴松动程度的加剧,频谱中逐渐出现了高频成分;盘轴转速差在启动阶段的初始值随着松动程度的加剧而逐渐增大;盘心轨迹垂直方向的振动幅值也随着松动程度的加剧逐渐变大,且轨迹形状变得更为复杂。由于碰摩的影响,垂直方向的振动明显受到抑制,其幅值小于水平方向的。研究结果对转子系统耦合故障的动力学特性研究具有非常重要的参考价值。

轴承不对中-碰摩耦合故障下双转子系统非线性振动特性分析

为揭示因轴承不对中导致的故障转子系统振动特性,基于坐标变换关系,推导了轴承不对中下转子偏转位移表达式。在此基础上,建立了综合考虑碰摩力、油膜力等外激励影响下双盘转子轴承不对中-碰摩耦合故障系统动力学模型,采用数值方法研究了转速及质量偏心对系统动态特性的影响。结果表明,轴承不对中故障会增加系统碰摩发生可能性、恶化轴系振动并加大系统非稳态运动范围。虽然不对中量的加入可在一定程度上延缓系统因参数变化引起的失稳运动,但据此产生的振幅增加与系统安全运行目标相悖,故应采取必要措施对轴承不对中故障加以控制。相关结论可为转子-轴承系统振动状态识别及稳定性分析提供有益借鉴。

一种含特殊限位器的柔性连接转子碰摩响应研究

以一种柔性连接两节式转子-限位器系统为研究对象,利用拉格朗日方法建立考虑陀螺效应的转子系统动力学方程,采用Hooke接触模型及Coulomb碰撞模型,描述变刚度限位器与转子的相互作用,并利用数值方法求解碰摩响应,分析了不同碰摩刚度与摩擦系数下的碰摩行为,引入碰摩稳定域概念,并计算了碰摩稳定域曲线,开展了不同激励强度下的碰摩试验,与理论分析情况进行对比。研究结果表明:转子碰摩响应存在有限次碰摩后恢复稳定、拟周期运动、同步全周碰摩三种典型碰摩行为;摩擦力是导致转子失稳的关键因素,限位器碰摩刚度存在最优区间;限位器碰摩模型可为工程设计提供参考。

能量轨道下带碰摩的双转子系统振动特性分析

为提高航空发动机的推重比和燃油效率,调整转子与机壳间的间隙变小,易发生碰摩故障问题,本文针对带碰摩双转子系统的非线性振动特性开展了定性、定量分析。建立了具有非线性弹簧特性和带碰摩故障双转子系统的非线性数学模型,通过仿真与数值分析调查了该模型复杂的碰撞、振动特性。对碰摩故障发生后和即将脱离时该系统的能量交换进行了定量分析,基于振动能量轨道的迁移过程分析了非线性振动特征和诱发机理。使用转子实验验证了数值仿真、理论分析结果和振动能量轨道。本文揭示了带碰摩故障的非线性双转子系统运行时振动变化规律,更好地分析了双转子系统的振动特征。

某型航空发动机双转子系统碰摩分析及挠度抑制方法研究

针对航空发动机的碰摩故障,建立某型航空发动机转子系统三维有限元模型,进行临界转速计算、低压转子瞬态响应和双转子系统碰摩风险分析;进行双转子系统碰摩响应计算,得出双转子系统碰摩工况和位置识别;采用限位轴承进行挠度抑制。结果表明:双转子系统碰摩工况与位置符合低压转子瞬态响应与临界特性,低压转子的2、3阶临界特性受到了抑制。

磁液双悬浮轴承-单盘转子系统动力学行为研究

随着轴承系统高转速、高效率的发展需求,磁液双悬浮轴承转子与静子的装配间隙不断减小,导致碰摩事故经常发生。综合考虑转子偏心比、转速比、磁液双悬浮轴承与静子碰摩等多种耦合故障,建立磁液双悬浮轴承转子系统“间隙-碰摩”动力学方程,数值模拟转子运行规律。研究结果表明:随着偏心比的增加,转子由周期1运行演化出周期2、周期3、拟周期、混沌等多种运行规律;当偏心比ρ∈(0.28~0.4)及转速比w∈(1.2~1.7)时,转子位移波动剧烈,在此区域内转子极易发生分岔甚至混沌,且在碰摩区间内,转速比在1.5、1.67附近时,转子轴承处与转盘处碰撞力分别出现最大值。