Densification Mechanism of Warm Compaction and Powder Mixture Designing Rules

By phenomenological analysis of warm compaction, it is found that, compared with the contribution of particle plastical deformation to densification of powder compact,the particle rearrangement is a dominant densification mechanism for powder warm compaction, and the plastical deformation of particles plays an important role in offering accommodating deformation for particle rearrangement and densifying powder compact at the final stage of pressing.In order to attain density gain as high as possible during warm compaction, six rules for designing warm compacting powder mixtures were proposed in detail.

Seismic failure mechanisms for loaded slopes with associated and nonassociated flow rules

Seismic failure mechanisms were investigated for soil slopes subjected to strip load with upper bound method of limit analysis and finite difference method of numerical simulation,considering the influence of associated and nonassociated flow rules.Quasi-static representation of soil inertia effects using a seismic coefficient concept was adopted for seismic failure analysis.Numerical study was conducted to investigate the influences of dilative angle and earthquake on the seismic failure mechanisms for the loaded slope,and the failure mechanisms for different dilation angles were compared.The results show that dilation angle has influences on the seismic failure surfaces,that seismic maximum displacement vector decreases as the dilation angle increases,and that seismic maximum shear strain rate decreases as the dilation angle increases.

Integrated data mining and network pharmacology to discover a novel traditional Chinese medicine prescription against diabetic retinopathy and reveal its mechanism

Background:Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is currently the leading cause of blindness in elderly individuals with diabetes.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prescriptions have shown remarkable effectiveness for treating DR.This study aimed to screen a novel TCM prescription against DR from patents and elucidate its medication rule and molecular mechanism using data mining,network pharmacology,molecular docking and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation.Method:TCM prescriptions for treating DR was collected from patents and a novel TCM prescription was identified using data mining.Subsequently,the mechanism of the novel TCM prescription against DR was explored by constructing a network of core TCMs-core active ingredients-core targets-core pathways.Finally,molecular docking and MD simulation were employed to validate the findings from network pharmacology.Result:The TCMs of the collected prescriptions primarily possessed bitter and cold properties with heat-clearing and supplementing effects,attributed to the liver,lung and kidney channels.Notably,a novel TCM prescription for treating DR was identified,composed of Lycii Fructus,Chrysanthemi Flos,Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix.Twenty core active ingredients and ten core targets of the novel TCM prescription for treating DR were screened.Moreover,the novel TCM prescription played a crucial role for treating DR by inhibiting inflammatory response,oxidative stress,retinal pigment epithelium cell apoptosis and retinal neovascularization through various pathways,such as the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications and the MAPK signaling pathway.Finally,molecular docking and MD simulation demonstrated that almost all core active ingredients exhibited satisfactory binding energies to core targets.Conclusions:This study identified a novel TCM prescription and unveiled its multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics for treating DR.These findings provide a scientific basis and novel insights into the development of drugs for DR prevention and treatment.

Analysis on the medication rules and mechanisms of action of traditional Chinese medicine in treating cervical cancer

Objective: To summarize the rule of application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, and to explore the molecular mechanism of the compatibility of core herbs. Methods: Collect relevant literatures on cervical cancer in Chinese National Knowledgey Ifrastructure (CNKI), use TCM inheritance platform system (TCMISSV2.5) for association rules and complex system entropy clustering analysis;use BATMAN-TCM online analysis tools to construct target-pathway-disease network to reveal the underlying mechanisms of action. Results: Among the 78 prescriptions selected, a total of 172 Chinese medicines were used, and the five most frequently used herbs were Huang-bo (Phellodendri Chinrnsis Cortex), Fu-ling (Poria Cocos), Huang-qi (Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim.), Bai-hua-she-she-cao (Hedyotis Diffusae Herba) and Gan-cao (Licorice). Bai-hua-she-she-cao (Hedyotis Diffusae Herba) and Huang-qi (Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim.), Bai-hua-she-she-cao (Hedyotis Diffusae Herba) and Fu-ling (Poria Cocos), Bai-zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz.) and Fu-ling (Poria Cocos) are the three most commonly used medicine match. In addition, through cluster analysis, a total of 4 core herbs compatibility and 2 new prescriptions were excavated. Herbs in the new prescriptions which are used to clearing heat-toxin and removing dampness were most frequently used. Through the analysis of the signal pathway of high frequency Chinese medicines, we found that neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway may play important roles. Conclusion: The core Chinese medicines for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer are mainly clearing heat-toxin and removing dampness. The core Chinese medicines may play their anti-cervical cancer by interfering with the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway.

Countermeasures on improving the charge rules and long-acting operation mechanism for the treating residential domestic sewage and household garbage in rural Yunnan

Improving the rural living environment in rural China is one of the key tasks for the country to accomplish its goal of building a moderately prosperous society by 2020. Yunnan has highly focused on the task of the treatment of residential domestic sewage and household garbage in rural area. Many efforts and resources have been put into this field in Yunnan since 2016. Progress has been made to increase the coverage rate of the sewage and household garbage treatment facilities. Seventy-five percent of total administrative villages have built up garbage transportation system and treatment facilities. Sixty-three percent of towns have collected and treated the residential domestic sewage by constructing various scale sewage treatment stations. However, the lack of the long-acting operation mechanism and the imperfection of the charge rules for the sewage and garbage treatment facilities have become problems that would hinder the achieving of the environmental goals in Yunnan. The reasons were elaborated on the basis of the local actual situations. Therefore, it is significant to improve the charge rules and frame the long-acting operation mechanism by strengthening the governance capacity, frame an overall mechanism and encourage the mass to be involved in the improvements of the living environment in rural Yunnan.

Analysis of compatibility rules and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer

Backgroud:Summarize the formula rule of traditional Chinese medicine fOr preventing and treating bladder cancer recurrence after operation and explore the molecular mechanism of core medicines.Methods:Literatures collected from CNKI,Wanfang Med Online,CMJD,PUBMED and Elsiver databases were as prescription sources,and association rules and complex system entropy clustering analysis were carried out using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(TCMISSV2.5).BATMAN-TCM online analysis tool was used to construct target-pathway-disease correlation map to reveal the potential mechanism of action.Results:A total of 122 prescriptions were eligible for data analysis.The high-frequency traditional Chinese medicines are Poria,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Astragali,Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae.The high-frequency drug pairs are Rhizoma Atractylodis MacrocephalaeIPoria,Poria/Rhizoma Alismatis,Radix Astragali/Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaeand and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae/Herba Scutellariae Darbatae..There are 5 groups of drug pairs with high correlation strength.Cluster analysis shows 6 core drug combinations and 3 new prescriptions.In clinical practice,the core compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines for preventing postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer is Poria,Radix Astragali and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae.The possible signaling pathways are the neuroactive ligand receptor interaction signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway.Conclusion:Prevention and treatment of postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer mainly use medicines with effects of eliminating dampness and diuresis for removing edema,heat-clearing and detoxifying,and qi-invigorating.The potential mechanism of the compatibility of core drugs may be realized by interfering with the signal pathway of neuroactive ligand receptor interaction and calcium signal pathway.

Persist in Law-based Protection of Human Rights and Improve the Mechanism for the Protection of Human Rights by the Rule of Law

General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech on China’s Path of Human Rights at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on February 25,2022.Persisting with the law-based protection of human rights and improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law are essential for unswervingly following the development path of human rights in China.The improvement of the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law necessitates adhering to the principle of respecting the dominant role of the people and removing the institutional obstacles in rule of law protection of human rights;to comprehensively strengthen the implementation of the Constitution,advance the filing and examination of the Constitution,and safeguard the authority of the Constitution;to accelerate the theoretical innovation of human rights and the construction of the discipline system,the academic system and the discourse system of human rights that meet the needs of the new era in China,and to actively participate in and contribute to the global governance on human rights,etc.Improving the mechanism for the protection of human rights by the rule of law can provide a solid protection for people enjoying a better life.

Research of Synthetic Rules with Mechanical Properties vs Inoculation Degree on Gray Cast Iron

To fit the special needs of gray cast iron as a new engineering material,i.e.,higher σ b and lower HB,or lower σ b and higher HB,using the method of heat analyzing and polyparameters analytic figures,the synthetic rules of carbon saturation degree,inoculation degree and mechanical properties can be exposed.The result shows that,according to the needs of the part′s mechanical properties,referring to the synthetic rules of gray cast iron,the corresponding technological measure and composition proportion can be defined,by which we will get the exact mechanical properties that could achieve the result expected completely.Thus,the casting for gray cast iron might be 'designed'from'selected'.

Prediction model of slurry pH based on mechanism and error compensation for mineral flotation process

A suitable pH value of the slurry is a key to efficient mineral flotation. Considering the control delay problem of pH value caused by offline pH measurement, an integrated prediction model for pH value in bauxite froth flotation is proposed, which considers the effect of ore compositions on pH value. Firstly, a regression model is obtained for alkali(Na_2CO_3) consumed by the reaction between ore and alkali. According to the first-order hydrolysis of the remaining alkali, a mechanism-based prediction model is presented for the pH value. Then, considering the complexity of the flotation mechanism, an error prediction model which uses time series of the error of the mechanism model as inputs is presented based on autoregressive moving average(ARMA) method to compensate the mechanism model. Finally, expert rules are established to correct the error compensation direction, which could reflect the dynamic changes during the process accurately and effectively. Simulation results using industrial data show that the presented model meets the needs of the industrial process, which laid the foundation for predictive control of pH regulator.

DETERMINATION OF THE ASSEMBLING POSITION OF A PLANAR LINKAGE MECHANISMS

In planar linkage mechanisms,when dimensions of the mechanisms and one position of inputlink are given,there are,in general,two or more corresponding positions of output link even withthe dimensions of all links unchangable.So,prior to the analysis and synthesis of the mechanisms,we should determine the necessary assembling position.This paper presents a method to solve thisproblem for a sort of planar linkage mechanisms and provides a very simple rule for pivot four-barlinkage mechanism.

Mechanism and Distribution of Calcareous Interbeds in Songtao Uplift and Its Periphery of Qiongdongnan Basin

Based on core and casting slice observation, well drilling and logging data, the source of carbonate materials, lithology together with electric properties, types, genesis mechanism and distribution of calcareous interbeds in Songtao uplift and its periphery of Qiongdongnan Basin have been thoroughly analyzed. Results show that typical features have been appeared from well logging curves, containing low gamma-ray, low acoustic travel time, low neutron value, high density, as well as bright white calcium nodules or bands in electrical imaging well-logging curves. Drilling results reveal that calcareous interbeds developed mostly in high position of paleostructures and their distribution was controlled by the combined effects of macroscopic and microscopic factors. Macroscopically, calcareous interbeds relate to paleogeomorphology together with the combination of sandstone and mudstone. They are also controlled microscopically by the source of carbonate cements and pore space. Under normal circumstances, with regard to the same sand, the closer to the mudstone and the thicker of mudstone, the more conducive to the formation of calcareous interlayer. Low compaction strength, high content of rigid particles, coarse grain size, well-sorted sandstone and large pore space during carbonate cementation are favorable for the development of calcareous interbeds.

Does Digitalization Matter for Grievance Redress Mechanism?An Analysis of the E-Government Procurement in the Local Government

Public procurement denotes the attainment of goods,works,or services required by governments through contracts.Public procurement is usually plagued with covert practices and exclusive forms of corruption in Bangladesh.The cost of development finance is much higher in public procurement than that of others in Bangladesh.There have been no unified rules or laws regarding government purchases since 2006.The Government of Bangladesh enacted its ever first act of public procurement,the Public Procurement Act,2006(PPA,2006),and the Public Procurement Rules,2008(PPR,2008).The procurement entity must disseminate procurement information through electronic medium i.e.Electronic Government Procurement(hereinafter e-GP).Despite passing over an era since its enactment,the role of the PPA,2006 remains seriously under-researched area,specifically there is no research on the issue of the grievance redress mechanisms.The study has been done using a qualitative case study methodology,backed by both primary and secondary documentary analysis.Based on empirical data,this paper explained the role of digitalization in the process of government procurement and depicted changes that have been brought by the implementation of e-GP in government purchases.However,it concluded that the grievance redress mechanism in the process of procurement is only existing in the policy papers which need mandatory implementation for a transparent and accountable governance system.Despite the significant changes and up-gradation in digital government procurement,it is hardly found that the GRM process is digitalized.And the mass tenderers are yet to be acquainted with the improvised system apart from the consistent efforts of the government.

Dynamic Field Division of Hydrocarbon Migration,Accumulation and Hydrocarbon Enrichment Rules in Sedimentary Basins

Hydrocarbon distribution rules in the deep and shallow parts of sedimentary basins are considerably different, particularly in the following four aspects. First, the critical porosity for hydrocarbon migration is much lower in the deep parts of basins： at a depth of 7000 m, hydrocarbons can accumulate only in rocks with porosity less than 5%. However, in the shallow parts of basins （i.e., depths of around 1000 m）, hydrocarbon can accumulate in rocks only when porosity is over 20%. Second, hydrocarbon reservoirs tend to exhibit negative pressures after hydrocarbon accumulation at depth, with a pressure coefficient less than 0.7. However, hydrocarbon reservoirs at shallow depths tend to exhibit high pressure after hydrocarbon accumulation. Third, deep reservoirs tend to exhibit characteristics of oil （-gas）-water inversion, indicating that the oil （gas） accumulated under the water. However, the oil （gas） tends to accumulate over water in shallow reservoirs. Fourth, continuous unconventional tight hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed widely in deep reservoirs, where the buoyancy force is not the primary dynamic force and the caprock is not involved during the process of hydrocarbon accumulation. Conversely, the majority of hydrocarbons in shallow regions accumulate in traps with complex structures. The results of this study indicate that two dynamic boundary conditions are primarily responsible for the above phenomena： a lower limit to the buoyancy force and the lower limit of hydrocarbon accumulation overall, corresponding to about 10%-12% porosity and irreducible water saturation of 100%, respectively. These two dynamic boundary conditions were used to divide sedimentary basins into three different dynamic fields of hydrocarbon accumulation： the free fluid dynamic field, limit fluid dynamic field, and restrain fluid dynamic field. The free fluid dynamic field is located between the surface and the lower limit of the buoyancy force, such that hydrocarbons in this field migrate and accumulate under the influence of, for example, the buoyancy force, pressure, hydrodynamic force, and capillary force. The hydrocarbon reservoirs formed are characterized as ＂four high,＂ indicating that they accumulate in high structures, are sealed in high locations, migrate into areas of high porosity, and are stored in reservoirs at high pressure. The basic features of distribution and accumulation in this case include hydrocarbon migration as a result of the buoyancy force and formation of a reservoir by a caprock. The limit fluid dynamic field is located between the lower limit of the buoyancy force and the lower limit of hydrocarbon accumulation overall; the hydrocarbon migrates and accumulates as a result of, for example, the molecular expansion force and the capillary force. The hydrocarbon reservoirs formed are characterized as ＂four low,＂ indicating that hydrocarbons accumulate in low structures, migrate into areas of low porosity, and accumulate in reservoirs with low pressure, and that oil（-gas）-water inversion occurs at low locations. Continuous hydrocarbon accumulation over a large area is a basic feature of this field. The restrain fluid dynamic field is located under the bottom of hydrocarbon accumulation, such that the entire pore space is filled with water. Hydrocarbons migrate as a result of the molecular diffusion force only. This field lacks many of the basic conditions required for formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs： there is no effective porosity, movable fluid, or hydrocarbon accumulation, and potential for hydrocarbon exploration is low. Many conventional hydrocarbon resources have been discovered and exploited in the free fluid dynamic field of shallow reservoirs, where exploration potential was previously considered to be low. Continuous unconventional tight hydrocarbon resources have been discovered in the limit fluid dynamic field of deep reservoirs; the exploration potential of this setting is thought to be tremendous, indicating that future exploration should be focused primarily in this direction.

Customer Requirements Mapping Method Based on Association Rule Mining for Mass Customization

Customer requirements analysis is the key step for product variety design of mass customiza-tion(MC). Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used management technique for understanding the voice of the customer (VOC), however, QFD depends heavily on human subject judgment during extracting customer requirements and determination of the importance weights of customer requirements. QFD pro-cess and related problems are so complicated that it is not easily used. In this paper, based on a general data structure of product family, generic bill of material (GBOM), association rules analysis was introduced to construct the classification mechanism between customer requirements and product architecture. The new method can map customer requirements to the items of product family architecture respectively, accomplish the mapping process from customer domain to physical domain directly, and decrease mutual process between customer and designer, improve the product design quality, and thus furthest satisfy customer needs. Finally, an example of customer requirements mapping of the elevator cabin was used to illustrate the proposed method.

The New Approach of Expansion Baldwin-Aibassov＇s Rules for Ring-Closing Reaction for d- and f-elements Periodic Table of Elements

The authors have studied the effect of a magnetic field on Baldwin＇s rules. The authors have proposed a new mechanism that takes into account the effect of the angle and energy endo- or exo-cyclization. The authors propose to extend the rule Bouldwin not only for sp^3-, sp^2- and sp- orbits, but and for d^1 - d^10 and f^1 - f^14 elements of I-VIII of the Periodic table.

The wave-corpuscle properties of microscopic particlesin the nonlinear quantum-mechanical systems

We debate first the properties of quantum mechanics and its difficulties and the reasons resulting in these diffuculties and its direction of development. The fundamental principles of nonlinear quantum mechanics are proposed and established based on these shortcomings of quantum mechanics and real motions and interactions of microscopic particles and backgound field in physical systems. Subsequently, the motion laws and wave-corpuscle duality of microscopic particles described by nonlinear Schr?dinger equation are studied completely in detail using these elementary principles and theories. Concretely speaking, we investigate the wave-particle duality of the solution of the nonlinear Schr?dinger equation, the mechanism and rules of particle collision and the uncertainty relation of particle’s momentum and position, and so on. We obtained that the microscopic particles obey the classical rules of collision of motion and satisfy the minimum uncertainty relation of position and momentum, etc. From these studies we see clearly that the moved rules and features of microscopic particle in nonlinear quantum mechanics is different from those in linear quantum mechanics. Therefore, nolinear quantum mechanics is a necessary result of development of quantum mechanics and represents correctly the properties of microscopic particles in nonlinear systems, which can solve difficulties and problems disputed for about a century by scientists in linear quantum mechanics field.

基于数据挖掘和网络药理学探讨杨丽新治疗抽动障碍用药规律和作用机制

目的 探讨杨丽新教授治疗抽动障碍的用药规律及作用机制。方法 搜集杨丽新教授2016年于广东省中医院儿科门诊治疗抽动障碍的病历资料,运用“中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)”对中药数据进行频数分析和关联度分析,获取核心组方,并根据结果进行网络药理学分析。用TCMSP、ETCM、TCMID、Batman等数据库筛选核心处方中药活性成分,利用Genecard、Drugbank等数据库获取抽动障碍相关疾病靶点并生成韦恩图,得到药物-疾病交集靶点并上传至STRING,使用Cytoscape 3.7.2构建核心网络。运用Metascape数据库对共同靶点进行GO功能及KEGG通路富集分析。运用AutoDock vina和Pyrx软件进行分子对接,进一步筛选核心处方治疗抽动障碍的核心靶点。结果 共录入3 443个病例,处方涉及77味中药,高频药物10味,寒性药物运用最多,多归肺经、脾经,性味以辛、甘、苦多见;关联规则得到32条数据,聚类分析得到4组核心组合。7种核心药物(陈皮、甘草、法半夏、竹茹、茯苓、牡蛎及钩藤)中的核心活性成分145个,靶点基因220个,疾病靶点1 290个,药物-疾病共同靶点共58个。GO功能富集条目422条,生物过程304条,细胞过程44条,分子功能74条,生物功能186条,KEGG富集通路68条。主要活性成分有山柰酚、7-甲氧基-2-甲基异黄酮、刺芒柄花素、β-豆甾醇等,作用于SLC6A4、SLC6A3、HTR2A、HTR2C等靶点,通过神经活性配体-受体相互作用、血清素神经突触、cGMP-PKG等关键信号通路进行调节实现。分子对接结果显示主要活性成分与核心靶点有强烈的结合活性。结论 通过数据挖掘、网络药理学分析和分子对接得出杨丽新教授治疗抽动障碍组方用药规律及作用机制,可为治疗抽动障碍的新方组合提供思路。

从“法制”到“法治”:改革开放以来我国家庭教育政策的演进逻辑与推进路径

家庭教育政策是规范与支持家庭教育发展的重要工具,是推进我国家庭家教家风建设的重要手段。改革开放以来,我国家庭教育政策经历了以边缘性探索为中心的萌芽发展阶段、以系统性规划为抓手的改革发展阶段和以体系化建设为重点的深入发展阶段。在此过程中,其动力机制、价值取向、实施过程保障及话语规则均有其独特的演进逻辑。家庭教育法治化是我国教育治理现代化的必然要求,在未来的发展中我国家庭教育从“法制”走向“法治”,可采取以下推进路径:形成强化基础建设、优质均衡发展的政策动力机制,秉持兼顾个体与社会、协调多元利益的政策价值取向,深化加强顶层设计、完善组织建设的政策实施过程保障,体现深入了解民情、广泛反映民意的政策话语规则。

数字司法的法治边界

随着数字经济的加速发展,现代司法发生了基础上的底层变革,在实践中不断涌现的数字司法创新,演绎出数字司法的时代逻辑,形成了新型的数字司法运行机制,使得司法质效获得了空前提升。然而,数字司法也面临着一些挑战和风险,需要在司法能动与司法谦抑、数据业务与数字正义、数字技术与法治人文上进行恰当的“三重”平衡,从而确立数字法治理念,推进司法制度变革,厘定数字正义原则,构建数字正当程序,实现数字司法的形态转型和迭代升级,进而绘就数字法治的“中国图景”。

新时代我国行政区划的制度设计、目标指向与优化策略

新时代在完善优化行政区划制度设计过程中,坚持发展与治理并重的新理念是认识前提,加强党对行政区划工作的集中统一领导是根本保障,持续推动法治建设是关键支撑,健全论证评估机制与方法是基本路径。在目标导向方面,应重点关注三项新课题:以优化基层行政区划为主要着力点,提升超大特大城市的资源承载能力;通过优化乡镇行政区划设置,推动以县城为重要载体的新型城镇化;通过优化收缩型城市和“小县”的行政区划设置,助推区域协同高质量发展。作为完成上述目标的保障机制,要在充分发挥党的全面领导、协调各方作用基础上强化党政部门协同,在明确价值导向前提下健全论证与评估体系,系统总结我国行政区划设置的历史经验,提升调整方案的明确性,减少调整的“后遗症”。