The Symbolism of Major Characters in Animal Farm As It Pertains to Russian Revolution

Animal Farm,full of symbolism,is regarded as a classic portrayal of anti-utopianism in the real world and a satire on the Russian Revolution.George Orwell expresses his views of totalitarianism by using animals to represent the major characters from the period of the Russian Revolution,from Karl Marx and Tsar Nicholas II to Stalin and Trotsky.His characters and scenar io paint a vision of a world of communism in Soviet Union,and Animal Farm chronicles the events and people of the Russian Revolution.Based on the historical background of the novel,this thesis is to reveal the real-life counterparts that the fictional characters in Animal Farm represent,thus uncovering the true meaning of the story.

RESEARCH ARTICLE Sensitivity of Crude Oil Price Change to Major Global Factors and to Russian-Ukraine War Crisis

To assess the elasticity of crude oil price to global factors related to supply of crude oil and the US dollar exchange rate, the authors employed nonlinear models including flexible least squares, and maximum likelihood estimator, in addition to OLS regression mode;using yearly data from 1965 to 2021. The findings indicate change in oil prices due to 1% change in any of the explanatory variables, as follows: the effect of the US dollar depreciation rate, raise crude oil price/barrel by 71 US cents;and increase in OPEC production, decrease crude oil price by 82 US cents;a decrease in non-OPEC production, raise oil price by 4.78 US$. These results imply that, if a ban imposed on Russian crude oil export, and no increase in OPEC production to compensate Russian oil loss in the international markets, global crude oil price expected to rise by 88 US$ above its level before Russian-Ukraine crisis, meaning that crude oil price expected to rise at 160 US$ pbab. However, if OPEC members increase their output level by 10 million barrels per day to compensate the Russian oil loss, then global crude oil price is expected to stay at 102 US$ pb.

Delegation of Russian Scholars Visits CIIS

On November 28,a delegation of Russian scholars led by Victor Larin,Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Director at the Far Eastern Branch,visited the Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy Studies Centre.Yu Jiang,CIIS Vice President and Full-Time Deputy Secretary-General of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy Studies Centre,had in-depth exchanges with Russian scholars on the significance and practice of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy and China-Russia relations.

新文科背景下俄语专业特色建设实践与探究——以中国传媒大学俄语专业为例

新文科建设为外语学科和外语教育提出了新的任务和挑战。本文在新文科建设背景下,以中国传媒大学俄语专业特色建设为例,从培养目标、定位、课程设置、人才培养模式、师资和教育改革等方面,探究“俄语+传媒”特色专业建设发展路径,为培养服务国家战略的国际传媒人才提供实践经验参考,希冀对行业特色院校的“外语+”专业建设有所启发。

The Intellectual Journey and Contributions of Riazanov Through the Lens of Marx’s Biography

The article delves into the intellectual endeavors and contributions of David Riazanov in the realm of Marxist scholarship,particularly through his pivotal role at the Marx-Engels Institute(MEI)following the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution.Despite an early academic setback,Riazanov’s self-taught expertise in various disciplines laid a solid foundation for his contributions to Marxism.Riazanov’s tenure at the MEI was marked by significant projects aimed at collecting,editing,and publishing Marx and Engels’works,culminating in the comprehensive compilation MEGA1.His advocacy for an authentic representation of original texts underscored his scholarly rigor.Riazanov’s pre-revolutionary activities and his critical stance on Bolshevik policies highlighted his dedication to a broader socialist movement.Despite ideological differences and challenges,Riazanov’s efforts significantly advanced the understanding and dissemination of Marxist thought,underscoring the complex interplay between political activism and academic scholarship in the development of socialist ideology.

Study on the Textual Coherence Function of Conjunctions in Political Texts and Their Translation Reconstruction

The assessment of translation quality in political texts is primarily based on achieving effective communication.Throughout the translation process,it is essential to not only accurately convey the original content but also effectively transform the structural mechanisms of the source language.In the translation reconstruction of political texts,various textual cohesion methods are often employed,with conjunctions serving as a primary means for semantic coherence within text units.

俄罗斯文化掠影

俄罗斯的文化是丰富多彩的——有着闻名世界的文学作品、芭蕾舞蹈、绘画艺术和古典音乐等。主题语境:历史与文化篇幅:337词建议用时:6分钟1 Russia has a long and rich cultural history, steeped in literature, ballet, painting and classical music. Here is a brief overview of Russian customs and traditions.

Aesthetism, Russian Formalism, and Their Comparison

In our class,we have already learned some articles of Aesthetism.The famous aesthetes,such as Walter Pater,Oscar Wilde,Benedetto Croce,all give us huge impressions.And Russian Formalism is also very important school of thoughts.As they all study art,literature and form,I would like to know the relationship between them.In this paper,first I will show some of my own understandings on Both Aesthetism and Russian Formalism.Then I will compare them to find similarities and differences.At last,I will say something about my preference.

Russian VLBI network "Quasar":Current status and outlook

This paper presents the past,present and future status of the Russian VLBI network "Quasar".This network has been developed for at least 20 years by the Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences(IAA RAS). The equipment installed currently at each "Quasar" station and the facilities for processing observational data are described briefly. The latest results are presented, including the Earth orientation parameters(EOP) determined from the "Quasar" VLBI data and comparison with those from other processing centers. Our future plans to extend the "Quasar" VLB I network to the east and to the west will be carried out by establishing the Ussurijsk station in the Far East and the RussianCuban station in the west. They are considered in the context of the Russian section activity in the GGOS project. The expected improvement of the EOP determination accuracy can be obtained within the future configuration of the "Quasar" network,which is proved by simulation.

Origin of Phosphorite Nodules of Lebedinsky Iron Deposit in Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA) of the Russian Platform

Phosphorite has become increasingly important as the raw material for phosphatic fertilizer. Phosphorite nodules are widespread in the Kursk complex deposit (Russian platform). Genesis of these nodules has long been a matter of debate, and this has hampered understanding of the mechanism and controls in the formation of the nodules. In this paper, we report the petrographical, mineralogical, and geochemical data of the Lebedinsky phosphorite nodules. Petrographic study reveals complex phosphatic cement resulting in the replacement of apatite minerals around quartz grains. The main mineral composition consists of quartz, phosphate minerals (apatite, francolite mainly), feldspar, iron hydroxides and carbonate minerals. These results, when combined with available data, are used to address the origin of the phosphorite nodules. The nodules are characterized by the universal presence of biogenic and chemical signatures which is phosphorus crown around crystal grains. The structure of the nodules is massive. Their texture is depicted by basaltic cement and concretion, which consists mainly of apatite and its varieties, with general formula: Ca_10 (PO_4, CO_3) 6(F,OH,Cl). Variation of mineralogy appears dependent on geological setting. Microscopic observations of biogenic fossils in Lebedinsky phosphorite favor a chemical and biogenic origin of phosphorites. Weathering has been suggested to be capable of liberating as much as 20 %-35 % P_2O_5 from sedimentary rocks. Previous investigations demonstrate that weathering of the Proterozoic substratum was the main cause in the formation of Fe, Mo, Mn, Pb, Zn, and P in the Russian platform. We therefore suggest that both weathering and biochemical processes have been positive in the formation of the Lebedinsky phosporite nodules. However, whether continental weathering or oceanic bio-chemical processes are more relevant in the phosphorite accumulation remains undetermined.

Functions of Russian Melilotus officinalis on Degraded Soil Improvement

To improve the serious situation of soil degradation in China, tests were carried out to study the improvement effects of Russian Melilotus officinalis on the low base saturation acid soil, the alkaline-saline soil and the heavy metal contaminated soil. The results showed that M. officinalis could improve the low base saturation acid soil, increase the salt, alkali content, mineral nutrition and organic nutrient, which indicated that M. officinalis could be planted in the acid soil, and had a significant ecological effect on soil improvement. M. officinalis achieved a remarkable effect on improving the alkaline-saline soil （pH 8.5-9.5） that the soil desalted, dealkalized and had more organic nutrient. Moreover, M. officinalis could improve the heavy metal contaminated soil and had the ability to enrich and transform heavy metal elements, especially Cd and Ni, thereby presenting significant repair effects on soil improvement. Therefore, Russian M. officinalis had multiple-effects on degraded soil improvement, so it is worthy of application and popularization.

CONCEPTION OF ESTABLISHING THE SINO-RUSSIAN BORDER FREE ECONOMIC REGION

So called free economic region is a special region without jurisdiction of customs, delimited by one country. There are mainly four types of free economic region, that is, commercial type of free economic region —free port, industrial type of free economic region — export processing area, integrated commercial and trade type of free economic region — free trade zone, and scientific and technological type of free economic region — scientific industrial park. With the development of free economic region of different countries, besides free economic region within one country, there appear transnational border free economic region established by two or multiple countries. Analysing favorable factors and unfavorable factors to establish the free economic region for China and Russia, for example, China and Russia have land boundary line of 4282.7 km; China and Russia may strengthen overall cooperation in politics, military, economy, science and technology, culture, etc. making full use of geographical factors of the two countries, borders; there is a strong complementarity in resources, labour force etc. for China and Russia; strengthening the Sino Russian economic trade cooperation is needed, the authors proposed a conception and selected four comparative ideal locations for establishing the Sino Russian border free economic region: Manzhouli Zabaikalye Free Economic Region, Heihe Blagoveshchensk Free Economic Region, Suifenhe Pogranichnyy Free Economic Region, Hunchun Hasan Free Economic Region. Finally the principles and patterns for establishing free economic region are discussed.

Innovatory technical cooperation between Sino-Russian lndustries

Discusses the necessity for China and Russia to change the existing small scale and level bilateral economic and trade relations for better by breaking away from traditional thoughts and formulating new thoughts on development of economic and trade relations between the two countries, and suggests the need to develop all azimuth and multi level economic and trade relations with emphasis on industrial cooperations to develop the leading industries of these two countries in accord with the strategic partnership between these two countries for the 21 century to suit the changes in the formation of new multi pole international order, and concludes the industries in these two countries can be made structurally complementary to each other and coexistent with the leading industries by developing steady and reliable industrial cooperative relations to further strengthen the strategic partnership between the two countries.

Russian architectural town-planning traditions and innovations in the Far East in the second half of the XIX-the beginning of the XX centuries

The establishment on the Far East of the orthodox Church and cultural stereotypes of the traditional Russian city occurred through active church building. The temples of the Far Eastern cities by its position in urban environment played a role of the basic exponents of the spiritual-state ideals of Russia. Ussumption cathedrals in Khabarovsk and Vladivostok, Nikolsky cathedral in Nikcolsk-Ussurisk, Shadrinsky cathedral in Blagoveshchensk, Saint-Nikolaevsky at Russiand iplomatic mission in Seoul and other orthodox temples of the last thirty years of the XIX-the beginning of the XX-th centuries inherited ancient Russian tradition and were designed in the Byzantian style, style of the Moscow XVII century architecture, in Russian style. The ideas of ″the orthodox, the autocracy and the nationality″ in town-planning are expressed also in devotions of temples and names of new settlements. For example, a large number of temples is devoted to Saint Nicholas. Only in the Primorye Territory they are about 20. Harbin’s Saint-Nikolaevsky cathedral also in a name Nicholas. Harbin’s the Sofia church is devoted to a great symbol Ancient Russia and Russian Empire - church of Saint Sofia in Constantinople. The general plans of settlements and cities of the Far East of the second half of the XIX and boundary XIX-XX centuries were realized by two leading directions of town-planning of Russia: the first is based on the norms of regular town-planning, the second is one connected with the realization of the city - garden concept. The priority remains for classicismical tradition. At the same time, the general plans of Harbin, Dairen realized the innovative idea of the time-the concept of city-garden. On the Russian Far East social town-planning ideas of the city -gardens in a certain measure were embodied in 1910-s in the project of Alexseevsk town; Anutovsky country settlement on Ocean station near Vladivostok, later it was officially named-Garden-City; in a settlement for the railway servicemen on Nikolskay station of the Ussuriskay railway and others. Russian architectural town-planning tradition was enriched by new understanding of the social and town-planning purposes, realized in cities of the Far East in the end of the XIX-the beginning of the XX centuries.

Erosion processes in karst landscapes of the Russian plain northern taiga,based on digital elevation modeling

This paper considers the problems of the potential development of erosion processes in the natural landscapes of northern taiga in the Russian plain. It is considered that in forest ecosystems, erosion processes are slow and are weakly reflected in the terrain. However, the situation changes radically if the vegetation cover integrity is violated, which is inevitable with the modern methods of developing northern territories. Furthermore, global changes in average annual temperatures and the occurrence of karst processes may be the reason behind the development of erosion processes. The authors suggest a method for determining territories with a varying occurrence probability of erosional processes, based on digital elevation modelling. The territory of the Pinezhsky Nature Reserve(Arkhangelsk region) was chosen as the test plot. Direct field studies were previously used to detect exogenous geological processes in this territory. The authors were the first to suggest digital elevation modelling as a method that allows determining the potential danger of erosion in karst landscapes of the northern taiga. The geomorphometric studies resulted in the determination of areas with the greatest and lowest occurrence probability of erosion processes in the Pinezhsky Nature Reserve. It was established that the most significant erosion type was linear erosion, represented by incised river valleys and karst ravines. Sheet erosion is less significant and occurs as sinkholes, local declines, and chasms over the valleys of subterranean rivers.

Corporate governance in generating companies of the Russian electric power industry in the context of ESG agenda

To address the issues of investment appeal in the Russian electric power industry,this study analyzes the dynamics of corporate governance,including permanent redistribution of property and compliance with the Russian Corporate Governance Code,in wholesale and territorial-generating companies.The increasing concentration of property in the hands of the state and its implications for investors are also noted.This study reveals the violations of essential principles,and the substantial differences in corporate governance practices,in the best-and worst-performing companies.Additional standards for better corporate governance practices to benefit the investors in the context of the current Environmental,Social,and corporate Governance(ESG)agenda are proposed.This study provides a new insight at the development of corporate governance in Russian power generating companies through property redistribution and compliance with corporate governance principles.

Recent Russian remote sensing investigations in Antarctica within the framework of scientific traverses

This paper includes a short historical review of Russian and Soviet scientific traverses to study the Antarctic inland. The first traverse left on April 2, 1956. It resulted in the opening of the first Russian inland research station named Pionerskaya and provided the first geophysical and glaciological data on regions inland of the Antarctic coast. By 1965, a number of regional inland scientific traverses had been completed and. the first Atlas of Antarctica was published in 1966. The atlas presented the main achievements of that time. After the discovery of Lake Vostok, Russian scientists commenced remote sensing investigations to study this unique natural phenomenon. The propagation of acoustic and electromagnetic waves in the glacier near Vostok Station were measured to provide important geophysical data. Radio-echo sounding data showed that Lake Vostok is isolated and separated from the rest of the Antarctic subglacial hydrosphere. The total area of the lake is 15 790 km2, excluding 365 km^2 occupied by 11 islands. Reflection seismic soundings of Lake Vostok estimated a total volume of about 6 100 km^3, an average depth of about 400 m, and a maximum depth of 1 200 m. Since 2008, there have been a number of scientific traverses between Mirny and Vostok stations and between Progress and Vostok stations. The data collected during the traverses have provided new insights into sub-ice topography and ice sheet structure, and have led to the discovery of subglacial lakes near Komsomolskaya Station and under Pionerskaya Station.

Development of the Arctic reindeer industry from the perspective of Sino-Russian green biomanufacturing cooperation

Russia’s reindeer population accounts for two thirds of the world’s total.There is a strong and resilient population of reindeer on the tundra,and reindeer herders inherit and transmit the unique culture of the north.Reindeer products have become the subject of innovative developments in the biopharmaceutical and healthcare products industry owing to their unique raw material properties.Because deer antlers and blood are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine,significant quantities of Arctic reindeer products are likely to be sold in China.Strengthening understanding of the Russian Arctic reindeer industry will help Chinese companies invest in the Russian Arctic,promote Sino-Russian Arctic cooperation on green biomanufacturing,and lead to the development of new products that promote human health.

Eating disorders, body image, and dichotomous thinking among Japanese and Russian college women

This study explored cross-cultural differences between Japan and Russia in terms of women’s body images, proneness to eating disorders, and the effects of dichotomous thinking. Participants included 419 Japanese and 187 Russian college women who completed the Dichotomous Thinking Inventory (DTI), the 26-item version of the Eating Attitudes Test, and responses regarding nine figures representing female body shapes. The mean age of the participants was 19.8 years, with no significant age differences between the countries. The results showed that Japanese women have leaner ideal body images than Russian women, whereas there were no cross-cultural differences in the participants’ real body images. DTI scores among Russian participants were higher than DTI scores among Japanese participants, which indicated that Russian women think more dichotomously than Japanese. Structural equation modeling indicated a significantly negative effect of dichotomous thinking only on real body image in Russia;the ideal body image had greater effects on eating disorder in Russia than in Japan.

Correction to:High frequency multiscale relationships among major cryptocurrencies:portfolio management implications

Correction to:Financ Innov 7:75(2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-021-00290-w Following publication of this article(Mensi et al.2021),the corresponding author reported that his 2nd affiliation was missing.So the corresponding author’s affiliations are:1Department of Economics and Finance,College of Economics and Political Science,Sultan Qaboos University,Muscat,Oman 2South Ural State University,76,Lenin Prospekt,Chelyabinsk,Russian Federation The affiliations have been updated in this Correction and in the original article.