目的研究G_(2)/S期应答相关蛋白1(G_(2) and S phase-expressed protein 1,GTSE1)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中的表达、免疫学作用和预后分析,及其潜在作用机制。方法使用公共数据库癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome At...目的研究G_(2)/S期应答相关蛋白1(G_(2) and S phase-expressed protein 1,GTSE1)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中的表达、免疫学作用和预后分析,及其潜在作用机制。方法使用公共数据库癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)提供的数据,用Kaplan-Meier、肿瘤免疫评估资源(Tumor Immune Estimation Resource,TIMER)数据库和基因表达谱交互分析(Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis,GEPIA)数据库进行GTSE1基因表达、免疫学作用及预后分析,通过免疫组化实验验证GTSE1在临床样本中的表达,应用R软件对GTSE1相关差异基因进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析。结果GTSE1在人类癌组织中显著高表达,且与肝细胞癌预后不良显著相关(P<0.05);GTSE1基因表达与HCC中浸润性免疫细胞的丰度显著相关(P<0.001)。GTSE1相关的差异表达基因主要富集于核分裂、细胞器裂变、离子通道活性等基因模块;其参与的信号通路主要包括神经活性配体-受体的相互作用、细胞周期等。结论GTSE1在HCC中的表达显著上调并与患者预后不良显著相关,且在免疫细胞浸润中发挥重要作用,可作为HCC的预后标志物和免疫治疗靶点。展开更多
Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), an important protein encoded by Epstein Barr virus (EBV), has been implied to link with the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Its dual effects of increasing cell prolife...Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), an important protein encoded by Epstein Barr virus (EBV), has been implied to link with the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Its dual effects of increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis have been confirmed. In this study, we showed that the expression of Survivin and CDK4 protein in CNE-LMP1, a LMP1 positive NPC epithelial cell line, is higher than in LMP1 negative NPC epithelial cell line- CNE1, and the expression is LMP1 dosage-dependent. Although it was reported that Survivin specifically expressed in cell cycle G2/M phase, our studies suggested that LMP1 could promote the expression of Survivin in G0/G1, S and G2/ M phase. It also showed that Survivin and CDK4 could be accumulated more in the nuclei triggered by LMP1. More interestingly, Survivin and CDK4 could form a protein complex in the nuclei of CNE-LMP1 rather than in that of CNE1, which demonstrated that the interaction between these two proteins could be promoted by LMP1. These results strongly suggested that the role of LMP1 in the regulation of Survivin and CDK4 may also shed some light on the mechanism research of LMP1 in NPC.展开更多
AIM： To reveal the insight mechanism of liver metastasis in uveal melanoma, we investigated cell functions of microRNA-21 in three different uveal melanoma cell lines and analyze the relationship of target gene p53 a...AIM： To reveal the insight mechanism of liver metastasis in uveal melanoma, we investigated cell functions of microRNA-21 in three different uveal melanoma cell lines and analyze the relationship of target gene p53 and its downstream targets which been found significant expression in our previous study.METHODS： Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） was used to detect microRNA-21 expression in normal uveal tissue and uveal melanoma cell lines. Lenti-virus expression system was used to construct OCM-1, MuM-2B and M619 cell line with stable overexpression and inhibition of microRNA-21. In vitro cell function tests such as cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell circle and abilities of migration and invasion were examined by MTT, BrdU assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay and Matrigel invasion assay respectively. The target gene was predicted by bioinformatics and confirmed by using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The expression of p53 and its suspected downstream targets LIM and SH3 protein 1 （LASP1） and Glutathione S Transferase pi （GST-Pi） were determined by qRT-PCR in mRNA level and western blotting analysis in protein level. Finally, the effect of microRNA-21 in a xenograft tumor model was assessed in four-week-old BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS： Compared to normal uveal melanoma, expressions of microRNA-21 were significantly higher in uveal melanoma cell lines. Overexpression of microRNA-21 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of OCM-1, M619 and MuM-2B cells, while inhibition of microRNA-21 reveal opposite effects. Wild type p53 was identified as a target gene of microRNA-21-3p, and proved by dual luciferase reporter assay. Up-regulated microRNA-21 inhibited the expression of wild type p53 gene, and the increased expression of LASP1 in mRNA level and protein level, while down-regulated microRNA-21 presented opposite way. However, GST-pi showed the potential pattern as expected, but relative mRNA level showed no statistically significant difference in OCM-1 cells. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of GST-pi was decreased in microRNA-21 overexpressing MuM-2B, and increased in M619 cells with inhibition of microRNA-21. In vivo, inhibition of microRNA-21 reduced tumor growth with statistically significant difference.CONCLUSION： These findings provide novel insight into molecular etiology of microRNA-21 in uveal melanoma cell lines, and suggest that microRNA-21 might be a potential candidate for the diagnosis and prognostic factor of human uveal melanoma in future.展开更多
Sumoylation is an important protein modification discovered recently. SUMO（small ubiquitin-related modifier） pathway regulates the protein stability and transcriptional activity with a 12-kDa small molecular protein...Sumoylation is an important protein modification discovered recently. SUMO（small ubiquitin-related modifier） pathway regulates the protein stability and transcriptional activity with a 12-kDa small molecular protein, SUMO, ligated to the target protein. The purification of SUMO proteins is a key step to reveal their function. The purpose of this study was to construct the recombinant SUMO1 gene cloned to a pGEX-4T-1 vector to express and purify the SUMO1-GST fusion protein in Escherichia coli. First, the full length DNA sequence of SUMO1 gene was amplified by PCR and was ligated to pMD18-T vector. Then the SUMO1 gene was subcloned to pGEX-4T-1 prokaryotic expression vector between BamHI and XhoI sites, and transformed in Escherichia coli DH5α cells. The right colonies were identified by restrictive enzyme digestion and sequencing. The correct rebombinant plasmid of pGEX-4T-1-SUMO1 was transformed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells and then induced by IPTG（isopropyl- β-D-1- thiogalacto-pyranoside） to express the SUMO1-GST fusion protein. The highly purified SUMO1-GST（glutathione S-transferase） fusion protein was obtained by affinity chromatography. Finally, the properties of SUMO1-GST fusion protein were confirmed by Coomassie brilliant blue strain and Western blot analysis. The recombinant plasmid of pGEX-4T-1-SUMO1 was successfully constructed, and SUMO1-GST fusion proteins were successfully expressed.展开更多
文摘目的研究G_(2)/S期应答相关蛋白1(G_(2) and S phase-expressed protein 1,GTSE1)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中的表达、免疫学作用和预后分析,及其潜在作用机制。方法使用公共数据库癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)提供的数据,用Kaplan-Meier、肿瘤免疫评估资源(Tumor Immune Estimation Resource,TIMER)数据库和基因表达谱交互分析(Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis,GEPIA)数据库进行GTSE1基因表达、免疫学作用及预后分析,通过免疫组化实验验证GTSE1在临床样本中的表达,应用R软件对GTSE1相关差异基因进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析。结果GTSE1在人类癌组织中显著高表达,且与肝细胞癌预后不良显著相关(P<0.05);GTSE1基因表达与HCC中浸润性免疫细胞的丰度显著相关(P<0.001)。GTSE1相关的差异表达基因主要富集于核分裂、细胞器裂变、离子通道活性等基因模块;其参与的信号通路主要包括神经活性配体-受体的相互作用、细胞周期等。结论GTSE1在HCC中的表达显著上调并与患者预后不良显著相关,且在免疫细胞浸润中发挥重要作用,可作为HCC的预后标志物和免疫治疗靶点。
基金National Nature Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar of China (No.39525022)National Basic Research Program(No.2004CB518703) National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.30570085).
文摘Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), an important protein encoded by Epstein Barr virus (EBV), has been implied to link with the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Its dual effects of increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis have been confirmed. In this study, we showed that the expression of Survivin and CDK4 protein in CNE-LMP1, a LMP1 positive NPC epithelial cell line, is higher than in LMP1 negative NPC epithelial cell line- CNE1, and the expression is LMP1 dosage-dependent. Although it was reported that Survivin specifically expressed in cell cycle G2/M phase, our studies suggested that LMP1 could promote the expression of Survivin in G0/G1, S and G2/ M phase. It also showed that Survivin and CDK4 could be accumulated more in the nuclei triggered by LMP1. More interestingly, Survivin and CDK4 could form a protein complex in the nuclei of CNE-LMP1 rather than in that of CNE1, which demonstrated that the interaction between these two proteins could be promoted by LMP1. These results strongly suggested that the role of LMP1 in the regulation of Survivin and CDK4 may also shed some light on the mechanism research of LMP1 in NPC.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81570891 No.81272981)+3 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.7151003)Advanced Health Care Professionals Development Project of Beijing Municipal Health Bureau (No.2014-2-003)the Capital Health Research and Development of Special (No.2016-1-2051)Hospitals’ Ascent Plan (No.DFL20150201)
文摘AIM： To reveal the insight mechanism of liver metastasis in uveal melanoma, we investigated cell functions of microRNA-21 in three different uveal melanoma cell lines and analyze the relationship of target gene p53 and its downstream targets which been found significant expression in our previous study.METHODS： Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） was used to detect microRNA-21 expression in normal uveal tissue and uveal melanoma cell lines. Lenti-virus expression system was used to construct OCM-1, MuM-2B and M619 cell line with stable overexpression and inhibition of microRNA-21. In vitro cell function tests such as cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell circle and abilities of migration and invasion were examined by MTT, BrdU assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay and Matrigel invasion assay respectively. The target gene was predicted by bioinformatics and confirmed by using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The expression of p53 and its suspected downstream targets LIM and SH3 protein 1 （LASP1） and Glutathione S Transferase pi （GST-Pi） were determined by qRT-PCR in mRNA level and western blotting analysis in protein level. Finally, the effect of microRNA-21 in a xenograft tumor model was assessed in four-week-old BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS： Compared to normal uveal melanoma, expressions of microRNA-21 were significantly higher in uveal melanoma cell lines. Overexpression of microRNA-21 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of OCM-1, M619 and MuM-2B cells, while inhibition of microRNA-21 reveal opposite effects. Wild type p53 was identified as a target gene of microRNA-21-3p, and proved by dual luciferase reporter assay. Up-regulated microRNA-21 inhibited the expression of wild type p53 gene, and the increased expression of LASP1 in mRNA level and protein level, while down-regulated microRNA-21 presented opposite way. However, GST-pi showed the potential pattern as expected, but relative mRNA level showed no statistically significant difference in OCM-1 cells. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of GST-pi was decreased in microRNA-21 overexpressing MuM-2B, and increased in M619 cells with inhibition of microRNA-21. In vivo, inhibition of microRNA-21 reduced tumor growth with statistically significant difference.CONCLUSION： These findings provide novel insight into molecular etiology of microRNA-21 in uveal melanoma cell lines, and suggest that microRNA-21 might be a potential candidate for the diagnosis and prognostic factor of human uveal melanoma in future.
文摘Sumoylation is an important protein modification discovered recently. SUMO（small ubiquitin-related modifier） pathway regulates the protein stability and transcriptional activity with a 12-kDa small molecular protein, SUMO, ligated to the target protein. The purification of SUMO proteins is a key step to reveal their function. The purpose of this study was to construct the recombinant SUMO1 gene cloned to a pGEX-4T-1 vector to express and purify the SUMO1-GST fusion protein in Escherichia coli. First, the full length DNA sequence of SUMO1 gene was amplified by PCR and was ligated to pMD18-T vector. Then the SUMO1 gene was subcloned to pGEX-4T-1 prokaryotic expression vector between BamHI and XhoI sites, and transformed in Escherichia coli DH5α cells. The right colonies were identified by restrictive enzyme digestion and sequencing. The correct rebombinant plasmid of pGEX-4T-1-SUMO1 was transformed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells and then induced by IPTG（isopropyl- β-D-1- thiogalacto-pyranoside） to express the SUMO1-GST fusion protein. The highly purified SUMO1-GST（glutathione S-transferase） fusion protein was obtained by affinity chromatography. Finally, the properties of SUMO1-GST fusion protein were confirmed by Coomassie brilliant blue strain and Western blot analysis. The recombinant plasmid of pGEX-4T-1-SUMO1 was successfully constructed, and SUMO1-GST fusion proteins were successfully expressed.
