Higher production of tumor necrosis factor alpha in hemozoin-fed human adherent monocytes is dependent on lipidic component of malarial pigment:new evidences on cytokine regulation in Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Objective:To investigate whether the increase of tumor necrosis factor alpha is dependent on lipidic component of malarial pigment.Methods:Adherent human monocytes were fed for 3 hours with different meals(native hemozoin;lipid free hemozoin;and control latex particles),then tumor necrosis factor alpha was monitored in cell supernatants up to 48 hours through western blotting or specific enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay.In selected experiments,unfed monocytes were treated with different doses of 15(S,R)-hydroxy-6,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid or 4-hydroxynonenal instead of phagocytosis.Results:Hemozoin-fed monocytes produced higher levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha than unstimulated and latex-fed cells, while lipid-free hemozoin did not reproduce these results.Additionally,hemozoin effects were mimicked dose-dependently by 15(S,R)-hydroxy-6,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid,but not by 4-hydroxynonenal.Conclusions:Present data suggest an essential role for lipids in hemozoindependent enhanced release of tumor necrosis factor alpha from monocytes,and 15(S,R)hydroxy -6,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid could be one possible specific mediator.

集体经营性建设用地入市农户满意度影响因素研究——基于Logistic-ISM模型的分析

农户满意程度可以反映政策改革成效,探究农户集体经营性建设用地入市满意度影响因素,有助于评价政策实施效果,同时对提升农村发展和农民幸福感也有一定的现实意义.采用问卷调查和访谈的方式,选取重庆市大足区作为研究区域,基于Logistic模型确定农户满意度的影响因素,结合ISM模型分析各影响因素之间的层次关系,对农民的政策实施满意度影响因素进行实证分析.研究结果显示:(1)针对入市实施效果,绝大部分农户持满意态度,不满意的地方集中在收益分配不及时和环境污染方面;(2)家中是否有村干部、生态环境变化情况、是否参与表决、分配公平性、入市实际收益、程序透明性、入市风险存在情况、对入市土地所有者的认知对入市农户满意度有显著影响.其中对入市土地所有者的认知、入市风险存在情况、入市实际收益为表层直接因素,中层间接因素有生态环境变化情况、是否参与表决、分配公平性以及程序透明性,家中是否有村干部为深层根源因素.应进一步完善土地产权制度,明晰入市到期后土地权属问题;健全监督管理机制,建立集体经营性建设用地入市单位的产业目录和准入标准制度;完善收益分配机制,制定集体土地入市指导性分配意见;将村集体负责人纳入政府基层领导队伍体系,提高程序透明性.

S-100β CysC和NF-κB对急性缺血性脑卒中患者静脉溶栓后出血转化的预测价值

目的 探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)外周血中S-100β、CysC和NF-κB水平对静脉溶栓后出血转化的影响及预测价值。方法 收集2019-03—2022-03接受溶栓治疗的AIS患者140例,根据溶栓后24 h是否发生出血转化(HT)将患者分为非HT组(n=112)和HT组(n=28)。比较2组一般临床资料,采用多因Logistic回归分析影响HT发生的危险因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估S-100β、CysC和NF-κB预测HT发生的价值。结果 HT组与非HT组相比,患者年龄、发病至溶栓时间、房颤、TOAST分型、C反应蛋白、凝血酶原时间、S-100β、CysC、NF-κB、白质高信号和脑微出血等均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,房颤、S-100β、CysC和NF-κB为影响HT发生的危险因素。S-100β、CysC和NF-κB预测AIS患者静脉溶栓后出血转化的曲线下面积分别为0.915(0.902~0.923)、0.874(0.856~0.882)和0.789(0.771~0.796),均具有一定的预测价值。结论 S-100β、CysC和NF-κB为AIS患者静脉溶栓后HT发生的危险因素,对HT发生具有一定的预测价值。

油井管在CO_(2)/H_(2)S体系中的腐蚀行为研究进展

CO_(2)和H_(2)S引起的腐蚀问题备受关注。CO_(2)/H_(2)S体系是导致石油管材发生腐蚀、断裂、穿孔等失效的主要原因,高温、高压、高含Cl-的“三高”井下环境以及高含硫气藏的开发环境,进一步加剧了管材的腐蚀,严重威胁井筒的安全。本文论述了CO_(2)和H_(2)S的腐蚀机理,概括了pH值、温度、H_(2)S分压、Cl^(-)浓度等因素对油井管腐蚀规律的影响,重点分析了CO_(2)/H_(2)S的分压比对管材CO_(2)/H_(2)S腐蚀的作用机制。结果表明,CO_(2)/H_(2)S的分压比对CO_(2)/H_(2)S体系下的腐蚀起着重要作用,不同的CO_(2)/H_(2)S分压比能够改变腐蚀过程,且对CO_(2)/H_(2)S的竞争协同机制存在一定的影响,高CO_(2)/H_(2)S分压比还会引起局部腐蚀。最后,对CO_(2)/H_(2)S体系下管材的腐蚀研究进行了展望。

基于等效结构应力法的高强钢焊接结构低温主S-N曲线

现有的疲劳S-N曲线已不再适用于北极的低温环境,为了评估北极海洋工程设备材料的低温疲劳寿命,有必要建立金属结构尤其是焊接结构的低温疲劳S-N曲线。本文基于等效结构应力法,计算出Q690高强钢管环焊缝的主S-N曲线,并通过共振疲劳试验对该方法进行了验证。在此基础上,结合大量的高强钢焊接结构试验结果,将温度敏感因子c引入到低温疲劳主S-N曲线的推导中,首次建立了基于低温金属焊接结构的主S-N曲线,并对文献中的疲劳S-N试验数据和ASME中的修正方法进行了对比和验证。结果表明,等效结构应力法能够较准确地计算出焊缝疲劳S-N曲线,推导出的金属焊接结构低温主S-N曲线与试验曲线吻合较好,能够满足低温地区工程要求,可为高强钢焊接结构在北极地区低温环境中的广泛应用提供理论指导。该方法可以为金属焊接结构的低温疲劳研究节省大量的成本,减少非标准试验操作造成的不必要的误差。这对北极海洋工程设备的设计、安全运行和疲劳评估具有重要意义。

Measurement of the astrophysical S factor for the low energy ^2H（d,γ）^4He reaction

The γ-rays and protons from an Ed = 20 keV deuteron beam incident on a D-Ti target were measured. A branching ratio of the 2H（d,γ）^4He reaction versus the ^2H（d,p）^3H reaction of Гγ/Гp = （1.061 0.34） x 10.7 has been obtained, and the astrophysical S factor of the ^2H（d,γ）He reaction at the center of mass energy Ecm ≈ 7 keV of （6.0±2.4） ×10^6 keV.b was deduced.

Critical Success Factors to Improve the Game Development Process from a Developer＇s Perspective

The growth of the software game development industry is enormous and is gaining importance day by day. This growth imposes severe pressure and a number of issues and challenges on the game development community. Game development is a complex process, and one important game development choice is to consider the developer＇s perspective to produce good-quality software games by improving the game development process. The objective of this study is to provide a better understanding of the developer＇s dimension as a factor in software game success. It focuses mainly on an empirical investigation of the effect of key developer＇s factors on the software game development process and eventually on the quality of the resulting game. A quantitative survey was developed and conducted to identify key developer＇s factors for an enhanced game development process. For this study, the developed survey was used to test the research model and hypotheses. The results provide evidence that game development organizations must deal with multiple key factors to remain competitive and to handle high pressure in the software game industry. The main contribution of this paper is to investigate empirically the influence of key developer＇s factors on the game development process.

HQEFT框架内半轻衰变B_(s)→K_(2)(1820)lν-_(l)的相关研究

在重夸克有效场论(HQEFT)框架内,利用光锥求和规则(LCSR)对Bs到J^(PC)=2^(--)张量介子K_(2)(1820)半轻衰变进行了研究.首先,基于K_(2)(1820)光锥分布振幅,重夸克展开至领头阶,利用LCSR计算了Bs→K_(2)(1820)的跃迁形状因子.计算表明,与相应2++张量介子情形不同,在所取自由参数范围内,形状因子V_(2)<0.在此基础上,预言了半轻衰变B_(s)→K_(2)(1820)lν-_(l)的可观测量,包括分支比、纵向极化分数、前后不对称和微分前后不对称过零点.研究显示,电子和μ轻子末态分支比几乎相等,在10^(-5)量级,相应τ轻子末态分支比约为前者的1/5.纵向极化分数均>0.8,大于相应2^(++)张量介子情形.前后不对称随着末态带电轻子质量的增大而增大.这些结果有可能在将来被LHCb、BelleⅡ等更为精确的实验所检验.

Influence of High Temperature on the Expression of Arabidopsis Heat Shock Transcription Factor AtHsfA1a

[ Objective] This study ~med to investigate the influence of high temperature on the expression of heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla in different genotypes of Arabidopsis. [ Method ] Arabidopsis plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfA1 a were used as experimental materials and treated un- der high temperature at 39℃ for 1 rain and 5 min; total RNA of AtI-IsfAla was extracted, and the reverse transcription and amplification were conducted using RT- PCR technology, the amplification products were detected by electrophoresis. [ Result ] The expression levels of AtHsfA1 a in Arabidopsis plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla at high temperature and room temperature were higher than wild-type Arabidopsis; the expression levels of AtHsfAla in both wild-type Arab/dops/s and transgenic Arabidopsls plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla at high temperature of 39 ~C were higher than that at room temperature of 25 ~C, but the expression levels of AtHsfAla in wild-type Arab/dops/s and transgenic Arab/dops/s plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla varied little after high temperature treatment at 39 ~C for 1 rain or 5 rain. [ Conclusion] The expression of AtHsfAla is induced rapidly by high tem- perature, thus regulating the expression of early adversity-resistant genes. This study will lay the foundation demonstrating the mechanism of Arabidopsis heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla.

Inflammatory bowel disease:Epidemiology,pathology and risk factors for hypercoagulability

Hypercoagulability observed in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)may lead to thromboembolic events(TE),which affect the venous and arterial systems alike and are an important factor in patients’morbidity and mortality.The risk of TE in IBD patients has been demonstrated to be approximately threefold higher as compared to the general population.The pathogenesis of thrombosis in IBD patients is multifactorial and not fully explained.The most commonly listed factors include genetic and immune abnormalities,disequilibrium between procoagulant and anticoagulant factors,although recently,the role of endothelial damage as an IBD-triggering factor is underlined.Several studies report that the levels of some coagulation enzymes,including fibrinogen,factorsⅤ,Ⅶ,Ⅷ,active factorⅪ,tissue factor,prothrombin fragment 1+2and the thrombin-antithrombin complex,are altered in IBD patients.It has been demonstrated that there is a significant decrease of tissue plasminogen activator level,a marked increase of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor,a significantly lower level of antithrombinⅢand tissue factor pathway inhibitor.IBD patients have been also observed to produce an increased amount of various anticoagulant antibodies.Hyperhomocysteinemia,which is a potential risk factor for TE was also observed in some IBD patients.Further studies are necessary to assess the role of coagulation abnormalities in IBD etiology and to determine indications for thromboprophylactic treatment in patients at high risk of developing TE.

Neurotrophic factor therapy for Parkinson's disease: past, present and future

One of the greatest unmet needs in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease（PD）is a disease-modifying therapy,which can halt the ongoing degeneration of dopaminergic neurons that is characteristic of this disorder.Current therapies focus on managing symptoms,rather than on addressing their cause.Promising candidates for disease-modifying therapies are the dopaminergic neurotrophic factors（NTFs）.

一种基于μ-S模型的最佳滑移率辨识估计器设计

为了使基于滑移率识别的汽车防抱死控制器实现最优控制,在Kiencke μ-S模型的基础上,利用改进遗忘因子递推最小二乘算法设计了最佳滑移率辨识估计器,并将辨识估计器的最佳滑移率和峰值附着系数估算结果与Burckhardt μ-S模型下的结果进行了对比.将辨识估计器应用于汽车防抱死制动系统的模糊滑模控制器中,在单一路面和跃变路面条件下进行仿真实验.实验结果表明,辨识估计器的误差小、延迟小,基于最佳滑移率识别的防抱死控制器能实现最佳滑移率的在线辨识和快速追踪,有效提升制动效能.

STI571 (Glivec) suppresses the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the gastrointestinal stromal tumor cell line,GIST-T1

AIM:To estimate whether STI571 inhibits the expressionof vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in thegastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)cells.METHODS:We used GIST cell line,GIST-T1.It hasa heterogenic 57-bp deletion in exon 11 to produce amutated c-KIT,which results in constitutive activationof c-KIT.Cells were treated with/without STI571 orstem cell factor(SCF).Transcription and expression ofVEGF were determined by RT-PCR and flow cytometryor Western blotting,respectively.Activated c-KIT wasestimated by immunoprecipitation analysis.Cell viabilitywas determined by MTT assay.RESULTS:Activation of c-KIT was inhibited bySTI571 treatment.VEGF was suppressed at both thetranscriptional and translational levels in a temporal anddose-dependent manner by STI571.SCF upregulatedthe expression of VEGF and it was inhibited by STI571.STI571 also reduced the cell viability of the GIST-T1cells,as determined by MTT assay.CONCLUSION:Activation of c-KIT in the GIST-T1regulated the expression of VEGF and it was inhibited bySTI571.STI571 has antitumor effects on the GIST cellswith respect to not only the inhibition of cell growth,butalso the suppression of VEGF expression.

ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HYDROGEN EVOLUTION PROMOTING FACTOR OF HYDROGENASE OF SPIRULINA PLATENSIS

A component （s-factor） with obvious promoting effect on hydrogen evolution of hydrogenase has beenisolated and extracted from a Cell=free preparation of Spirulina platensis.The effect of the s-factor in the re-action system is similar to that of Na2S2O4, but is coupled with ligh. The s-factor has the maximumabsorption peak at 620 nm in the oxidized state, at 590 nm in the reduced state. The partially purifieds-factor showed two bands by SDS-PAGE and is distinctly different from phycocyanin,which has nochange of oxidized state and reduced state absorption spectra, and also has no promoting effect onhydrogenase of Spirulina platensis under the light.

Association between thrombotic risk factors and extent of fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of genetic and acquired prothrombotic risk factors and their association with the extent of fibrosis and fatty infiltration in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).METHODS: Forty-four patients with chronic hepatitis (28 men and 16 women, with mean age of 45±11 and 49±12 years, respectively) constituted the patient population of this study. The groups were divided as follows: 15 patients with fatty liver (FL); 15 with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); 14 with chronic viral hepatitis (CH) diagnosed by histology and liver technetium scan or ultrasound; and 10 healthy individuals. Thrombophilic, coagulation factors and genetic mutations were diagnosed by standard hemostatic and molecular coagulation assays.RESULTS: Activated protein C (APC) resistance and protein S were the most prevalent thrombotic risk factors (6% and 10% in NAFLD vs 21% and 14% in CH; P＜0.01 and P＜0.05, respectively). One thrombotic risk factor was identified in 41% of patients (23% mild fibrosis, 18% severe fibrosis) and two thrombotic risk factors in 6% of patients with NAFLD and severe fibrosis. While no differences in APC ratio, lupus anticoagulant, fibrinogen, factor V Leiden,prothrombin, and MTHFR mutation were found. Protein S levels were significantly lower in NASH patients than in patients with FL alone (92±19 vs106±2, P＜0.01). Protein C levels were markedly higher in patients with NAFLD and mild or severe fibrosis as compared to the patients with CH, respectively (128±40 vs96±14, P＜0.001 or 129±36 vs 88±13, P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Up to 46% of patients with NAFLD may have thrombotic risk factors, and the presence of thrombotic risk factors is correlated with the extent of hepatic fibrosis,suggesting a crucial role of the coagulation system in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis.

Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha stabilization for regenerative therapy in traumatic brain injury

Mild traumatic brain injury（TBI）, also called concussion, initiates sequelae leading to motor deficits, cognitive impairments and subtly compromised neurobehaviors. While the acute phase of TBI is associated with neuroinflammation and nitroxidative burst, the chronic phase shows a lack of stimulation of the neurorepair process and regeneration. The deficiency of nitric oxide（NO）, the consequent disturbed NO metabolome, and imbalanced mechanisms of S-nitrosylation are implicated in blocking the mechanisms of neurorepair processes and functional recovery in the both phases. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha（HIF-1α）, a master regulator of hypoxia/ischemia, stimulates the process of neurorepair and thus aids in functional recovery after brain trauma. The activity of HIF-1α is regulated by NO via the mechanism of S-nitrosylation of HIF-1α. S-nitrosylation is dynamically regulated by NO metabolites such as S-nitrosoglutathione（GSNO） and peroxynitrite. GSNO stabilizes, and peroxynitrite destabilizes HIF-1α. Exogenously administered GSNO was found not only to stabilize HIF-1α and to induce HIF-1α-dependent genes but also to stimulate the regeneration process and to aid in functional recovery in TBI animals.

S-A多重分形法在地球化学异常圈定中的对比应用——以甘肃文康地区为例

通过对甘肃省陇南文康地区的地质背景分析,采用区域1∶5万水系沉积物测量的17种常量元素含量数据,分别运用传统统计学方法、S-A (能谱密度-累计面积)多重分形滤波法,确定成矿元素(以Au为例)异常下限值,圈定化探异常。结果表明,与传统方法相比,S-A多重分形法所圈定的异常面积小、数量多,传统统计法圈定的面积较大;两种方法圈定的异常展布方向基本一致,与研究区内已知的矿点吻合度高。本次研究认为S-A多重分形法所圈定的异常基本位于传统方法所圈定异常的内带之中,重点突出,与矿床空间位置对应关系较好,便于野外开展工作。同时在传统异常周边提取了部分低背景区的弱异常,这些弱异常可作为下一步找矿工作的新靶区。

Trefoil factor-3 is not a useful marker of mucosal healing in Crohn's disease treated with anti-TNF-α antibodies

AIM To evaluate whether repeated serum measurements of trefoil factor-3(TFF-3)can reliably reflect mucosal healing(MH)in Crohn’s disease(CD)patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α(anti-TNF-α)antibodies.METHODS Serum TFF-3 was measured before and after antiTNF-αinduction therapy in 30 CD patients.The results were related to clinical,biochemical and endoscopic parameters.MH was defined as a≥50%decrease in Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s disease(SES-CD).RESULTS SES-CD correlated significantly with CD clinical activity and several standard biochemical parameters(albumin,leukocyte and platelet counts,C-reactive protein,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,fibrinogen).In contrast,SES-CD did not correlate with TFF-3(P=0.54).Moreover,TFF-3 levels did not change significantly after therapy irrespectively of whether the patients achieved MH or not.Likewise,TFF-3 did not correlate with changes in fecal calprotectin,which has been proposed as another biochemical marker of mucosal damage in CD.CONCLUSION Serum TFF-3 is not a convenient and reliable surrogate marker of MH during therapy with TNF-αantagonists in CD.

Intensity of the Reverse Sexual Double Standards in Females and Males and Possible Factors

Despite past researches on the sexual double standards(SDS),recent research has found that another type of sexual double standard exists,which is the reverse sexual double standard(i.e.reverse SDS,which means that men are judged more harshly than women in comparative sexual behaviors).According to previous researchers,the reverse SDS may stem from women’s worry about being infected by transmitted sexual diseases,women’s preference for men’s virginity in sexual behaviors,and the shift in attitude towards men’s sexual behaviors.Also,women tend to judge men’s sexual behaviors based on men’s attractiveness(body appearance and financial status).The present study investigated people’s implicit endorsement of the reverse SDS among 200 adults in Shanghai(20 to 50 years old,110 women,90 men)using the Implicit Association Test(IAT)with a priming procedure to limit participants’awareness including different levels of men’s body appearance and financial status.Additionally,SDSS(sexual double standard scale)was used to measure the explicit endorsement for the reverse SDS.According to my results,adults in Shanghai endorsed both an implicit and explicit reverse SDS,but women tend to endorse it more strongly than men.Also,when men are more attractive,women will judge them less harshly.These results indicate that the reverse SDS also exists in men.Implications and limitations are indicated for future researchers to call for attention to the reverse SDS and gender equality.