Relationship between serum S-100 protein level and ischemic damage degree in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective: To investigate the time course of serum S-100 concentrations of patients with acute cerebral infarction,and their relation with the clinical data and the prognosis. Methods: Serum S-100 levels were serially determined in 36 patients with acute cerebral infarction within 12 h, at 24 h and day 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 after acute cerebral infarction and in 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. An S-100 content assay was performed using a two-site radioimmunoassay technique. The clinical status was assessed using NIH Stroke Scale. The functional deficit at 4 weeks after acute cerebral infarction was scored using the modified Rankin scale. A cranial computed tomography was performed initially. Results: Elevated concentrations of S-100 (>0.2 μg/L) were observed in 29 of 36 patients with acute cerebral infarction,but none of the control subjects. The S-100 peak levels were at day 2 and 3 after acute cerebral infarction and were significantly high in those patients with severe neurological deficit at admission, with extensive infarction or with space-occupying effect of ischemic edema as compared with the rest of the populations. Conclusion: Serum S-100 level assay can be used as a peripheral marker of ischemic brain damage, and may be helpful for evaluation of therapeutic effects in acute ischemic stroke.

Effects of Maixuekang Capsules Combined with Edaravone on Serum MMP-9, S-100β Protein Levels and Neurological Functions in Patients with Hemorrhagic Cerebral Infarction

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Maixuekang Capsules combined with edaravone on serum matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9), S-100β protein levels and neurological functions in patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. METHOSDS: A total of 76 patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from January 2017 to May 2018 were selected and were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 38 patients in each group. The control group was given edaravone, and the treatment group was given Maixuekang Capsules on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy, serum MMP-9 and S-100β protein levels, neurological function recovery, activity of daily living and incidence rate of adverse reactions were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.11%, which was higher than 71.05% of the control group(P < 0.05); the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score in the 2 groups decreased(P < 0.05), and the Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL) score increased(P < 0.05), the improvement of the above 2 scores in the treatment group were better than those in the control group(P < 0.05); the level of MMP-9 was gradually decreasing in the 2 groups, on the 7th day, 14 th day after treatment, and the levels of MMP-9 decreased significantly(P < 0.05), and the treatment group was lower than the control group at all time points(P < 0.05); on the 3rd day after treatment, the levels of S-100β protein in the 2 groups increased significantly(P < 0.05); on the 7th day, 14 th day after treatment, the levels of S-100β protein in the two groups decreased significantly(P < 0.05), and the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group(P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in incidence rate of adverse reactions between 7.89% in the control group and 5.26% in the treatment group(P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of Maixuekang Capsules and edaravone is effective in treating hemorrhagic cerebral infarction, and it can significantly improve neurological function defect and daily living ability, reduce serum MMP-9 and S-100β protein levels, and has higher safety.

Comparison of plasma NSE, protein S-100b and EEG changes in traditional arrested-heart procedures and on-pump beating-heart procedures

Objective: To assess the cerebral injury in on-pump beating-heart procedures under mild hypothermia in comparison with traditional on-pump arrested-heart procedures under moderate hypothermia. Methods: Forty patients, 20 with congenital heart disease (CHD) and 20 of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) , were divided into 2 groups: Control group (group A, n =20) including 10 patients suffering from CHD as group Al and the left 10 from RHD as group A2; and experiment group (group B, n =20) which consisting of group B1 (10 with CHD) and group B2 (10 of RHD). The patients in group A underwent traditional arrested-heart procedures, and those in group B were operated on with beating-heart procedures. Arterial blood samples were collected at preoperation (time A) , 20 min after cardiopul-monary bypass (CPB) starting (time B) , 1 h after CPB (time C) and 24 h postoperation (time D) respectively. Plasma contents of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and protein S-100b were measured with sensitive ELISA. All the patients received echoencephalography (EEG) before and 1 week after operation. Results: The plasma contents of protein S-lOOb were increased very significantly at time B, C and D in comparison with those at time A (P<0.01) , and that of patients in group Al was significantly higher than that in group B at time B (P < 0. 05 ). There was no significant difference at other time points. At time B, the plasma contents of NSE were significantly higher in group A than in group B, and in group Al and Bl than in group A2 and B2. What's more, at time B, the former fell back to their pre-operative levels, but the latter remained still higher levels than the preoperative ones ( P < 0.01). No significant difference was found in the abnormality rates of postoperative EEG between 2 groups. Conclusion: The perioperative plasma contents of NSE and protein S-100b are not significantly higher in group B than in group A. On-pump beating-heart procedures do not make more serious cerebral dysfunction than the traditional arrested-heart procedures.

体外循环心内直视术后患者脑红蛋白和S-100β蛋白浓度的变化

目的：评价体外循环（CPB）下冠脉搭桥术后患者脑红蛋白（NGB）和S-100β蛋白浓度的变化。方法：选择择期CPB下行冠脉搭桥手术患者40例,术前ASA分级和NYHA分级均为Ⅱ~Ⅲ级,简明精神状态量表（MMSE）评分≥26分。分别于麻醉诱导后（T0）、复温至36℃（T1）、停CPB后1 h（T2）、6 h（T3）和24 h（T4）采集颈静脉窦血3 m L,采用ELISA法测定血浆NGB和S-100β蛋白浓度;术前1 d及术后3 d测定MMSE评分。结果：与T0时比较,T2~T4时患者血浆NGB和S-100β蛋白浓度明显升高（P〈0.05）,并在T3时点达到高峰;术后3 d MMSE评分低于术前（P〈0.05）。结论：CPB下冠脉搭桥术后患者存在认知功能障碍。血浆NGB和S-100β蛋白浓度升高可能成为早期预测心脏术后脑损伤的指标。

超选择性动脉溶栓并术后局部亚低温对急性脑梗死患者血清NSE和S-100蛋白的影响

目的观察超选择性动脉溶栓及亚低温(MHT)治疗后,急性脑梗死(ACI)患者血清神经元特异性烯醇酶(NSE)和S-100β蛋白的变化。方法将74例ACI患者随机分为两组,观察组(40例)以超选择性动脉溶栓并术后MHT治疗,对照组(34例)只进行尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗。动态监测两组患者治疗前后血清NSE和S-100β蛋白含量。结果两组NSE和S-100β蛋白水平治疗前和治疗后1 d无显著性差异(P>0.05);治疗后3 d、7 d、14 d观察组均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论超选择性动脉溶栓并术后亚低温治疗急性脑梗死能有效降低血清NSE和S-100β蛋白含量,对神经细胞形成保护。

乌司他丁对心脏双瓣膜置换术患者血清S-100β蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶水平的影响及脑保护机制

目的 探讨乌司他丁对心脏双瓣膜置换术患者血清S-100β蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）水平的影响及作用机制。方法 将2009年9月~2014年9月在张家口市第一医院行心脏双瓣膜置换术的40例患者按照随机数字表法分为试验组20例和对照组20例。两组患者麻醉诱导、麻醉维持及手术方法相同,其中试验组于麻醉诱导后给予乌司他丁,对照组给予等量生理盐水。比较两组升主动脉阻断时间、体外循环（CPB）时间、机械通气时间、术后拔管时间、术后清醒时间及手术前后认知功能情况;分别于中心静脉通路建立后（T0）、CPB开始30 min（T1）、CPB结束时（T2）、手术结束时（T3）、术后6 h（T4）抽取静脉血5 m L,采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测两组患者各时段血清S-100β蛋白、NSE水平;分别于术前1 d、术后1、3、5 d采用精神状态检查量表（MMSE）对两组患者认知功能进行评价。结果 两组患者升主动脉阻断时间、CPB时间、机械通气时间、术后拔管时间、术后清醒时间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,术后1、3、5 d试验组MMSE评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患者血清S-100β、NSE水平从T1开始升高,至T2时达到高峰,随后逐渐降低,至T4时降低至T0水平;其中试验组T1、T2、T3时血清S-100β、NSE水平显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 乌司他丁能够改善心脏双瓣膜置换术后患者的脑损伤,其作用机制可能与降低CPB中诱导的炎性反应、减轻炎性反应介导的脑组织损伤有关。

A potent chemotherapeutic strategy in prostate cancer： S-（methoxytrityl）-L-cysteine, a novel Eg5 inhibitor

Docetaxel-based combination chemotherapy remains the predominant treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, taxane-related drug resistance and neurotoxicity have prompted us to develop substitute treatment strategies. Eg5 （kinesin spindle protein）, which is crucial for bipolar spindle formation and duplicated chromosome separation during the early phase of mitosis, has emerged as an attractive target for cancer chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer efficacy of $-（methoxytrityl）-L-cysteine （S（MeO）TLC）, a novel Eg5 inhibitor in prostate cancer. Eg5 expression was examined in human prostate cancer cell lines and tissue microarrays were constructed from clinical specimens. Antiproliferative activity of S（MeO）TLC in prostate cancer cells was assessed by a cell viability assay. The anticancer effect and inhibitory mechanism of S（MeO）TLC in prostate cancer cells was further explored by Hoechst staining, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. In addition, the antitumor effect of S（MeO）TLC on subcutaneous xenograft models was assessed. Eg5 expression was identified in PC3, DU145 and LNCaP cells. More than half of prostate cancer clinical specimens displayed Eg5 expression. S（Me0）TLC exhibited more powerful anticancer activity in prostate cancer cells compared with the other four Eg5 inhibitors tested. S（MeO）TLC induced cell death after arresting dividing cells at mitosis with distinct monopolar spindle formation. S（MeO）TLC exhibited its significant inhibitory activity （P〈0.05） on subcutaneous xenograft models also through induction of mitotic arrest. We conclude that Eg5 is a good target for prostate cancer chemotherapy, and S（MeO）TLC is a potent promising anticancer agent in prostate cancer.

血清S-100β蛋白结合头颅核磁对重症手足口病的临床意义

目的:探讨血清S-100β蛋白结合头颅核磁是否对重症手足口病具有早期识别、判断预后的临床意义。方法:收集2013年5月-2014年5月赣州市妇女儿童医院手足口病病区确诊为手足口病的病例,其中重症手足口病组25例,普通手足口病组25例,无神经系统感染的非手足口病组20例。测定普通手足口病组、重症手足口病组急性期及恢复期血清S-100β蛋白含量及阴性对照组急性期血清S-100β蛋白含量,普通手足口病组、重症手足口病组均进行头颅核磁共振检查。结果:重症手足口病组急性期S-100β蛋白高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。重症手足口病组急性期及恢复期S-100β蛋白均高于普通手足口病组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。发生头颅核磁共振检出异常,重症手足口患者组为72.0%明显高于普通手足口病组的16.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(字2=15.909,P<0.001)。重症手足口患者组发生后遗症为24.0%,普通手足口病组无后遗症发生,两组比较差异有统计学意义(字2=4.735,P=0.030)。头颅核磁共振检查异常组的患儿急性期及恢复期S-100β蛋白高于头颅核磁共振无异常病例组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。头颅核磁共振检查异常组发生后遗症为27.3%,头颅核磁共振无异常组无后遗症发生,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.012)。结论:监测手足口病患儿S-100β蛋白可用于早期判断患儿是否合并中枢神经感染,可早期客观识别是否发展为重症手足口病,血清S-100β蛋白结合头颅核磁共振检查可评估手足口病患儿脑损伤程度及判断预后。

手足口病并发脑干脑炎患儿血清hs-CRP、S-100B蛋白检测的临床意义

C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）是一种急性时相蛋白,在人体发生感染、创伤等情况时会迅速上升,经治疗后又会迅速下降。对观察病情的变化有十分重要的临床价值。S-100B蛋白检测对脑实质性损伤有十分重要的临床价值。

APPLICATION OF HMB－45 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY AND S100 PROTEIN IN THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MELANOMA

We tested a variety of fixed embedded sections of malignant tumors with HMB-45 MoAband S-100 polyclonal antibody.The results showed that RMB-45 was a highly sensitive and specificantibody for recongnizing melanoma on fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections, it reacted with 96.6percent of melanomas tested(all primary and 6 of 7 metastatic lesions)Both pigmented and nonpigmeated melanomas were recongnized.Malignant tumors of epithelial,lymphoid and mesenchymal origin were all negative.Although antibody to S-100 protien quite sensitive,it was not melanome-specific and it reached with all melanomas including the one metastatic melanoma that did not react withHMB-45,it we also positive in one of five lymphomas and one of three sarcomas.AdditionallyHMB-45 reacted with junctional nevi and componentes of compound neai and not with intradermalnevi and the dermal components of compound nevi.

Effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in treatment of children epilepsy and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1

Objective:To explore the effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in the treatment of children epilepsy,and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1(HMGB-1)in children with epilepsy.Methods:A total of 160 children who were diagnosed as epilepsy in Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from July 2016 to October 2018 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into the study group(n=80)and the control group(n=80)by the random number table method,i.e.,they were treated with sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam and sodium valproate alone,respectively.After 16 weeks of treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge were evaluated,and chi-square test was used for statistical comparison.The related indicators,including serum tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-α),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),homocysteine(Hcy),haematocrit(HCT),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),serum S-100βand HMGB-1,were measured before and after treatment.Paired t-test was used for the comparison in the above indicators within a group before and after treatment;group t-test was used for the comparison between two groups.Chi-square test was used for the comparison in the rate of adverse reactions during treatment between two groups.The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Baogang Hospital(Approval No.:BG201606073),and all children’s guardians were required to sign informed consent forms for clinical study.There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in general clinical data(p>0.05),such as sex constituent ratio,age,the course of disease,the frequency of epileptic seizure per year before treatment,the incidence of epileptiform discharge before treatment and the constituent ratio of types of epileptic seizure,etc.Results:1)After treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge in the study group were 92.5%(74/80)and 85.0%(68/80)respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in the control group[68.8%(55/80)and 58.8%(47/80)],and the differences were statistically significant(Х^(2)=14.444,13.635;p<0.001).2)In the study group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(53.1±14.0)pg/ml,(5.0±2.5)mg/L,(12.5±3.1)μmol/L,(38.1±5.1)%and(3.0±0.5)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(107.9±17.8)pg/ml,(10.1±2.5)mg/L,(42.2±5.8)μmol/L,(45.3±4.5)%and(5.2±0.6)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=21.644,12.902,40.393,9.468,25.194;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(60.6±17.8)pg/ml,(8.2±2.2)mg/L,(15.2±3.1)μmol/L,(40.2±3.4)%and(4.5±0.6)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(112.4±14.3)pg/ml,(9.3±3.8)mg/L,(41.1±2.8)μmol/L,(44.6±5.5)%and(5.4±0.8)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=20.292,2.241,55.456,3.320,8.050;p<0.05).After treatment,the above indicators in the study group were all significantly lower than those in the control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=2.962,8.595,5.508,3.064,17.178;p<0.05).3)In the study group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.65±0.38)μg/L and(5.3±2.4)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.91±0.32)μg/L and(8.1±2.0)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.681,8.020;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.78±0.27)μg/L and(6.4±2.2)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.88±0.25)μg/L and(7.9±1.7)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.431,p=.016;t=4.826,p<0.001).After treatment,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.495,p=.014;t=2.840,p=.005).4)There was no significant difference between two groups in the rate of adverse reactions,such as nausea,vomiting,poor appetite,dizziness,drowsiness,hepatic and renal injury during treatment(p>0.05).Conclusions:The efficacy of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam is obviously better than that of sodium valproate alone in the treatment of children epilepsy.The children patients’serum S-100βand HMGB-1 are more significantly reduced,resulting in a lower rate of adverse reactions,which has a certain clinical value.

电针预防老年患者术后认知功能障碍的临床观察

目的:观察术前电针刺激对全麻下行全膝置换老年患者术后认知功能障碍(POCD)发生率的影响及与血清S-100β蛋白、IL-1β、IL-6和α-TNF表达的关系。方法:选择全麻下行单侧全膝置换术老年患者85例(男39、女46),随机分为电针组和对照组。电针组在麻醉后手术前于百会和神庭穴电针刺激30 min。术前1 d、术后1 d和术后7 d采用简易智能量表(MMSE)评价患者认知功能,并于诱导前、术毕和术后1 d采血检测S-100β蛋白、IL-1β、IL-6和α-TNF。结果:最终79例患者完成评分和随访,电针组34例,对照组45例。电针组和对照组术后1 d POCD的发生率分别为20.59%和42.22%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后7 dPOCD的发生率分别为8.82%和13.33%,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血清S-100β蛋白、IL-1β、IL-6和α-TNF表达术毕时两组均较术前增加,有统计学差异(P<0.05),术后1 d的表达与术前比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。术毕和术后1 d两组间比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:术前电针对全麻下行单侧全膝置换老年患者术后认知功能障碍的发生有一定的预防作用,术前电针不能降低血清S-100β蛋白、IL-1β、IL-6和α-TNF表达。

氯胺酮和丙泊酚持续颈内静脉输注对脑损伤患者围术期脑保护效应的临床研究

目的探讨氯胺酮和丙泊酚持续颈内静脉输注对脑损伤患者围术期脑保护效应。方法选择临床中型脑损伤患者适当病例60例行颅内血肿清除术,随机分三组,各20例。A组:对照组,围术期未特殊处理;B组:围术期氯胺酮/丙泊酚1:1混合0.5 mg/(kg·h)微泵持续颈内静脉输注;C组:围术期氯胺酮/丙泊酚1:1混合1 mg/(kg·h)微泵持续颈内静脉输注。三组患者分别于手术开始前和术毕12、24、48 h不同时间点取对侧颈内静脉血5 mL,采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定血清星状细胞胶质蛋白S-100β(S-100β蛋白)和神经元性烯醇化酶(NSE)浓度,并记录不同时间点各组患者神经反射变化和意识恢复情况,6个月后随访60例患者并进行简短精神状态检查(MMSE)。结果与A组比较,B、C组随时间延长S-100β蛋白和NSE浓度显著降低,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),其作用效应有剂量依赖性。B组S-100β蛋白浓度术毕24 h为(2.26±0.52)μg/L,术毕48 h为(1.25±0.35)μg/L;C组S-100β蛋白浓度术毕24 h为(1.12±0.25)μg/L,术毕48 h为(0.69±0.11)μg/L。B组NSE蛋白浓度术毕24 h为(7.26±1.12)μg/L,术毕48 h为(5.36±0.58)μg/L;C组NSE蛋白浓度术毕24 h为(6.02±0.65)μg/L,术毕48 h为(4.78±0.81)μg/L。与A组比较,B组和C组患者神经反射和意识恢复快,脑神经并发症低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组意识恢复时间为(26.5±6.9)h,C组意识恢复时间(27.3±4.7)h;B组神经功能缺损评分为(12.8±1.9)分,C组神经功能缺损评分为(12.3±0.9)分。6个月后随访进行MMSE评分,A组MMSE评分为(17.1±3.2)分,低于B组[(23.7±4.5)分]和C组[(25.5±4.7)分](P<0.05),但B组和C组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术结束24 h患者血清S-100β蛋白和NSE浓度越高对应其6个月后随访MMSE评分就越低,血清S-100β蛋白与MMSE评分呈明显负相关(r=-0.618,P<0.05)。结论氯胺酮和丙泊酚联合应用对脑损伤围术期有明显的治疗和神经保护作用,术后随访无不良反应或副作用。

远程缺血预适应对体外循环心脏瓣膜置换术患者脑损伤的保护作用

目的观察远程缺血预适应（RIPC）对体外循环（CPB）下心脏瓣膜置换术患者围术期血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、S-100β蛋白浓度及认知功能的影响,探讨其对脑损伤的保护作用。方法体外循环心脏瓣膜置换术患者40例,随机分为实验组（E组）和对照组（C组）,每组20例,实验组于麻醉诱导插管完毕稳定5 min后,给左上肢连续4次的缺血预适应,而对照组只固定止血带,不加压。分别于麻醉诱导插管完毕稳定5 min后（T1）、CPB开始10 min时（T2）、CPB停止时（T3）、CPB后12 h（T4）、术后24 h（T5）、48 h（T6）和72 h（T7）抽取颈内静脉血检测血清NSE及S-100β蛋白浓度。于术前2 d、术后第5天进行神经心理学测试评估术后认知功能的变化。结果两组S-100β蛋白浓度在T2即开始升高,T3时达到峰值,随后持续下降,两组NSE浓度在T2升高达到峰值,随后持续下降,但E组S-100β蛋白浓度在T2-T6时均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,E组NSE浓度在T2-T5时均明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）,E组术后认知功能障碍（POCD）发生率明显低于C组（P〈0.05）。结论远程缺血预适应可降低体外循环下心脏瓣膜置换术患者血清NSE和S-100β蛋白浓度,降低患者POCD发生率,具有脑保护作用。

单次癫发作后患儿血清和脑脊液神经生化标志物的变化

目的通过检测癫患儿血清和脑脊液(CSF)神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S-100β蛋白(S-100β)、髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)的水平,了解小儿单次癫发作是否引起脑损伤。方法采用电化学发光法检测20例癫发作后24 h内和38例对照组患儿血清和CSF中NSE水平,采用ELISA法测定其血清和CSF中S-100β、MBP水平。结果癫组血清和CSF中NSE水平分别是(15.01±5.14)、(7.84±2.62)μg/L,对照组为(10.33±2.48)、(3.95±1.58)μg/L;癫组血清和CSF中S-100β水平分别是(0.39±0.15)、(0.59±0.20)μg/L,对照组为(0.11±0.05)、(0.29±0.19)μg/L;癫组血清和CSF中MBP水平分别为(0.23±0.09)、(0.33±0.07)μg/L,对照组为(0.23±0.06)、(0.31±0.07)μg/L。癫组血清和CSF中NSE、S-100β水平明显高于对照组(P均<0.01);癫组血清和CSF中MBP水平与对照组比较无显著性差异(P均>0.05)。结论单次癫患儿血清和CSF中NSE、S-100β明显升高,提示单次癫发作可导致神经元损伤。

脑特异性蛋白质及其对神经系统疾病的临床意义

中枢神经系统（central nervoussystem，CNS）存在一些特殊的蛋白质，主要分布于脑组织中，某些在周围神经系统（peripheral nervous system，PNS）有少量分布，在其他组织器官中含量很低，称为脑特异性蛋白质（brain—specific protein），主要包括神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuronspecific enolase，NSE）、髓鞘碱性蛋白（myelin basic protein，MBP）、S-100b蛋白（S．100protein，S-100）和肌酸激酶脑型同工酶（CK—BB）。现将上述几种蛋白质综述如下。

妇科肿瘤患者腹腔镜术后谵妄预测的生物标志物分析

目的探讨血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)与S-100β蛋白对妇科肿瘤患者腹腔镜术后谵妄(POD)的预测效果。方法选取2015年3月-2016年6月该院收治的256例行腹腔镜全麻手术的妇科肿瘤患者为研究对象,根据术后状况分为POD组(n=31)和非POD组(n=225)。比较两组的全麻前5 min、气管拔管即刻、出麻醉后监测治疗室(PACU)前、术后24、48和72 h的血清NGAL、S-100β蛋白、肌酐(Scr)和胱抑素C(Cys-c)的水平。采用受试者工作曲线下面积(AUC)来评价各指标对POD的预测效果。结果两组全麻后的血清NGAL与S-100β的水平均明显高于全麻前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。POD组的气管拔管即刻、出PACU前、术后24 h的血清NGAL水平明显高于非POD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);POD组的气管拔管即刻、出PACU前、术后24、48和72 h的血清S-100β水平明显高于非POD组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。全部患者术后均未出现急性肾损伤(AKI),两组不同时间点的血清Scr与Cys-C水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。气管拔管即刻、出PACU前、术后24 h的血清NGAL与S-100β的AUC分别为0.75、0.77、0.66和0.85、0.83、0.80(P<0.05)。结论血清NGAL和S-100β水平可作为妇科肿瘤患者腹腔镜术后谵妄的早期预测指标,且后者的预测效果更加好,尤其是气管拔管即刻与出PACU前。

Effect of Electro-Acupuncture on S-100 Protein Expression of Nerve Fibers in the Repair Process of Transected Sciatic Nerve in Rats

Objective： To observe the effects of electro-acupuncture on S-100 protein expression of nerve fibers on the regeneration process of transected sciatic nerve of rats, so as to explore the partial mechanism of electro-acupuncture treatment for peripheral nerve injury. Methods： Following rat＇s sciatic nerve transection, the nerve regeneration chamber model was established, then the rat was given electro-acupuncture stimulation at the frequency of 5 Hz and frequency of 100 Hz, and the immunohistochemical staining method and image analyzing semi-quantitative technique were adopted to determine the percentage of S-100 protein area, hence to observethe effect of electro-acupuncture on the repair process of transected sciatic nerve of rat and the S-100 protein expression. Results： Electro-acupuncture could significantly potentiate the S-100 protein expression of Schwann Cells （SC） in the repair process of transected sciatic nerve. At the 14th week, 17th week and 20th week after operation, the percentages of S-100 protein area were more obviously increased in 5 Hz electro-acupuncture group and 100 Hz electro-acupuncture group than in model group, with significant differences （P〈0.05）. Especially, the better effect was obtained in 5 Hz electro-acupuncture group. Judging from the dynamic treatment, it is very vital to be treated early. Conclusion： Electro-acupuncture is an effective method for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury, and its therapeutic effect is related to the improvement of SC proliferation.