A new two-way land-atmosphere interaction model （R42_AVIM） is fulfilled by coupling the spectral atmospheric model （SAMIL_R42L9） developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences...A new two-way land-atmosphere interaction model （R42_AVIM） is fulfilled by coupling the spectral atmospheric model （SAMIL_R42L9） developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences （LASG/IAP/CAS） with the land surface model, Atmosphere-Vegetation-Interaction-Model （AVIM）. In this coupled model, physical and biological components of AVIM are both included. Climate base state and land surface physical fluxes simulated by R42_AVIM are analyzed and compared with the results of R42_SSIB [which is coupled by SAMIL_R42L9 and Simplified Simple Biosphere （SSIB） models]. The results show the performance of the new model is closer to the observations. It can basically guarantee that the land surface energy budget is balanced, and can simulate June-July-August （JJA） and December-January- February （DJF） land surface air temperature, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, precipitation, sea level pressure and other variables reasonably well. Compared with R42_SSIB, there are obvious improvements in the JJA simulations of surface air temperature and surface fluxes. Thus, this land-atmosphere coupled model will offer a good experiment platform for land-atmosphere interaction research.展开更多
In this article, authors study the Cauch problem for a model of hyperbolic-elliptic coupled system derived from the one-dimensional system of the rudiating gas. By considering the initial data as a small disturbances ...In this article, authors study the Cauch problem for a model of hyperbolic-elliptic coupled system derived from the one-dimensional system of the rudiating gas. By considering the initial data as a small disturbances of rarefaction wave of inviscid Burgers equation, the global existence of the solution to the corresponding Cauchy problem and asymptotic stability of rarefaction wave is proved. The analysis is based on a priori estimates and L^2-energy method.展开更多
Shoot meristems used for the study were exercised from the in vitro regenerated shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L of BAP for multiplication. The sensitivity of the in vitro regenerated was studie...Shoot meristems used for the study were exercised from the in vitro regenerated shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L of BAP for multiplication. The sensitivity of the in vitro regenerated was studied using shoot meristems of 0.5 cm. Shoot meristems were cultured on medium containing 10-100 mg/l kanamycin to determine the concentration that was lethal for multiple shoot induction and root induction. The response of shoot multiplication decreased (66.2%-6.2%) as the concentration of kanamycin increased (10.0-70.0 mg/L) with complete inhibition of shoot proliferation at 100 mg/L kanamycin. The rooting phase was very sensitive to kanamycin compared to shoot multiplication. The percentage of shoots that rooted decreased (53.8%-4.8%) with increase in the concentration of kanamycin (10.0-70.0 mg/l) on IBA and 2,4-D supplemented medium. For transformation studies, the shoot tips that were infected with Agrobacterium strain were placed on selection medium containing MS medium with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 100 mg/L kanamycin and scored for the putative transformed shoots. An average of 62.2% of shoot tips developed shoot buds from the base and the shoots reached a length of 0.5-1.0 cm at the end of 30 days of culture on the selective medium in comparison to control which showed no response. An average of 66.7% of the regenerated plants showed GUS expression on selection medium where 43.2% and 65% of GUS expression was recorded in the leaves and callus. Leaves and callus induced from the controls did not show GUS activity. Stable integration of nptII gene with the genomic DNA from these transformed plants was confirmed through PCR analysis. Our result presents an efficient regeneration system using in vitro derived shoot meristems for Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer.展开更多
作为Brezis-Lieb引理(单变量)的推广,本文证明了 k -耦合形式仍然满足类似的定理。令Ω是 R^N 上的一个开子集,且{u ni }■L^ p i (Ω),其中 N≥2 , 2≤p i<∞, i=1,2…k , k≥2 。如果{u ni }在 L p i (Ω)上有界且几乎处处收敛到 u...作为Brezis-Lieb引理(单变量)的推广,本文证明了 k -耦合形式仍然满足类似的定理。令Ω是 R^N 上的一个开子集,且{u ni }■L^ p i (Ω),其中 N≥2 , 2≤p i<∞, i=1,2…k , k≥2 。如果{u ni }在 L p i (Ω)上有界且几乎处处收敛到 u i ,则有lim n→∞[∫Ω∑^ k i,j=1 u^ p i/ 2 ni u ^pj 2 nj d x-∫Ω∑^k i,j=1 (u ni -u i) pi/ 2 (u nj -u j) pj/2 d x]=∫Ω∑^k i,j=1 u pi/2 iu ^pj/2 j dx该结论在处理k-耦合方程组方面有应用。展开更多
A new cooperative nickel reductive catalysis and N,N-dimethylformamide-mediated strategy for umpolung C–S radical reductive cross coupling of S-(trifluoromethyl)arylsulfonothioates with alkyl halides to produce alkyl...A new cooperative nickel reductive catalysis and N,N-dimethylformamide-mediated strategy for umpolung C–S radical reductive cross coupling of S-(trifluoromethyl)arylsulfonothioates with alkyl halides to produce alkyl aryl thioethers is described. This reaction features excellent selectivity, wide functionality tolerance, broad substrate scope, and facile late-stage modification of biologically relevant molecules.Mechanistic studies recognize initial generation of an amidyl radical anion via thermoinduced reduction of DMF with Sn, followed by umpolung reduction and single electron transfer of the nucleophilic sulfonyl moiety to form a sulphydryl radical and engage the Ni^(0)/Ni^(Ⅰ)/Ni^(Ⅲ)/Ni^(I) catalytic cycle.展开更多
针对L型阵,提出了一种互耦自校正算法(SAL:self-calibration algorithm for L-shaped array).该算法利用L型阵列特殊的互耦特性,实现了对信源信息(DOA)和阵列互耦系数的解耦合,从而无需任何校正源就可以实现两类参数的估计.与基于循环...针对L型阵,提出了一种互耦自校正算法(SAL:self-calibration algorithm for L-shaped array).该算法利用L型阵列特殊的互耦特性,实现了对信源信息(DOA)和阵列互耦系数的解耦合,从而无需任何校正源就可以实现两类参数的估计.与基于循环迭代最小化技术的传统自校正算法相比,该算法先通过搜索谱峰估计信源信息(DOA),再估计互耦系数,从而避免了多维搜索带来的庞大运算量和迭代中的全局收敛性问题.仿真结果表明本文提出的自校正算法具有精度高、计算量小的特点.展开更多
基金This study is jointly supported by the National Key Basic Research 2006CB403607the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)International Partnership Creative Group"The climate system model development and application studies"and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.40221503,40475027 and 40523001.
文摘A new two-way land-atmosphere interaction model （R42_AVIM） is fulfilled by coupling the spectral atmospheric model （SAMIL_R42L9） developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences （LASG/IAP/CAS） with the land surface model, Atmosphere-Vegetation-Interaction-Model （AVIM）. In this coupled model, physical and biological components of AVIM are both included. Climate base state and land surface physical fluxes simulated by R42_AVIM are analyzed and compared with the results of R42_SSIB [which is coupled by SAMIL_R42L9 and Simplified Simple Biosphere （SSIB） models]. The results show the performance of the new model is closer to the observations. It can basically guarantee that the land surface energy budget is balanced, and can simulate June-July-August （JJA） and December-January- February （DJF） land surface air temperature, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, precipitation, sea level pressure and other variables reasonably well. Compared with R42_SSIB, there are obvious improvements in the JJA simulations of surface air temperature and surface fluxes. Thus, this land-atmosphere coupled model will offer a good experiment platform for land-atmosphere interaction research.
基金The research was supported by three grants from the Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of China (10431060)the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (104128)the South-Central University For Nationalities Natural Science Foundation of China (YZY05008)
文摘In this article, authors study the Cauch problem for a model of hyperbolic-elliptic coupled system derived from the one-dimensional system of the rudiating gas. By considering the initial data as a small disturbances of rarefaction wave of inviscid Burgers equation, the global existence of the solution to the corresponding Cauchy problem and asymptotic stability of rarefaction wave is proved. The analysis is based on a priori estimates and L^2-energy method.
文摘Shoot meristems used for the study were exercised from the in vitro regenerated shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L of BAP for multiplication. The sensitivity of the in vitro regenerated was studied using shoot meristems of 0.5 cm. Shoot meristems were cultured on medium containing 10-100 mg/l kanamycin to determine the concentration that was lethal for multiple shoot induction and root induction. The response of shoot multiplication decreased (66.2%-6.2%) as the concentration of kanamycin increased (10.0-70.0 mg/L) with complete inhibition of shoot proliferation at 100 mg/L kanamycin. The rooting phase was very sensitive to kanamycin compared to shoot multiplication. The percentage of shoots that rooted decreased (53.8%-4.8%) with increase in the concentration of kanamycin (10.0-70.0 mg/l) on IBA and 2,4-D supplemented medium. For transformation studies, the shoot tips that were infected with Agrobacterium strain were placed on selection medium containing MS medium with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 100 mg/L kanamycin and scored for the putative transformed shoots. An average of 62.2% of shoot tips developed shoot buds from the base and the shoots reached a length of 0.5-1.0 cm at the end of 30 days of culture on the selective medium in comparison to control which showed no response. An average of 66.7% of the regenerated plants showed GUS expression on selection medium where 43.2% and 65% of GUS expression was recorded in the leaves and callus. Leaves and callus induced from the controls did not show GUS activity. Stable integration of nptII gene with the genomic DNA from these transformed plants was confirmed through PCR analysis. Our result presents an efficient regeneration system using in vitro derived shoot meristems for Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer.
文摘作为Brezis-Lieb引理(单变量)的推广,本文证明了 k -耦合形式仍然满足类似的定理。令Ω是 R^N 上的一个开子集,且{u ni }■L^ p i (Ω),其中 N≥2 , 2≤p i<∞, i=1,2…k , k≥2 。如果{u ni }在 L p i (Ω)上有界且几乎处处收敛到 u i ,则有lim n→∞[∫Ω∑^ k i,j=1 u^ p i/ 2 ni u ^pj 2 nj d x-∫Ω∑^k i,j=1 (u ni -u i) pi/ 2 (u nj -u j) pj/2 d x]=∫Ω∑^k i,j=1 u pi/2 iu ^pj/2 j dx该结论在处理k-耦合方程组方面有应用。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22271245)the Jiangxi Province Science and Technology Project(Nos.20212AEI91002 and 20202ACBL213002)the Open Research Fund of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan Normal University(No.2021ZD01)for financial support.
文摘A new cooperative nickel reductive catalysis and N,N-dimethylformamide-mediated strategy for umpolung C–S radical reductive cross coupling of S-(trifluoromethyl)arylsulfonothioates with alkyl halides to produce alkyl aryl thioethers is described. This reaction features excellent selectivity, wide functionality tolerance, broad substrate scope, and facile late-stage modification of biologically relevant molecules.Mechanistic studies recognize initial generation of an amidyl radical anion via thermoinduced reduction of DMF with Sn, followed by umpolung reduction and single electron transfer of the nucleophilic sulfonyl moiety to form a sulphydryl radical and engage the Ni^(0)/Ni^(Ⅰ)/Ni^(Ⅲ)/Ni^(I) catalytic cycle.
文摘针对L型阵,提出了一种互耦自校正算法(SAL:self-calibration algorithm for L-shaped array).该算法利用L型阵列特殊的互耦特性,实现了对信源信息(DOA)和阵列互耦系数的解耦合,从而无需任何校正源就可以实现两类参数的估计.与基于循环迭代最小化技术的传统自校正算法相比,该算法先通过搜索谱峰估计信源信息(DOA),再估计互耦系数,从而避免了多维搜索带来的庞大运算量和迭代中的全局收敛性问题.仿真结果表明本文提出的自校正算法具有精度高、计算量小的特点.
