Omeprazole sodium(OMS), a typical non-hydrogen bond donors API, is only available in solvates so far, including monohydrate, ethanol solvate and methanol solvate. The methanol solvate was found for the first time. Sol...Omeprazole sodium(OMS), a typical non-hydrogen bond donors API, is only available in solvates so far, including monohydrate, ethanol solvate and methanol solvate. The methanol solvate was found for the first time. Solvate transformation thermodynamics of OMS was studied in this paper. First, the ternary phase diagrams forming two solvates for OMS in binary solvent mixtures including methanol + water, ethanol + water, and methanol+ ethanol were measured at temperature ranging of T =(278.15 to 313.15) K under atmospheric pressure. Further, the standard equilibrium constants of the solvate transformation reactions were evaluated according to the chemical reaction isothermal equation. The standard molar Gibbs free energy, the standard molar enthalpy, and the standard molar entropy of solvate transformation reactions were then calculated based on van't Hoff equation. Moreover, the thermodynamic stability of the OMS solvate was analyzed based on phase diagram. The results are of great importance to develop a crystallization process for manufacturing OMS solvate, and could be helpful to other solvate transformation research.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in the treatment of children epilepsy,and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1(HMGB-1)in children with epilepsy....Objective:To explore the effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in the treatment of children epilepsy,and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1(HMGB-1)in children with epilepsy.Methods:A total of 160 children who were diagnosed as epilepsy in Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from July 2016 to October 2018 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into the study group(n=80)and the control group(n=80)by the random number table method,i.e.,they were treated with sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam and sodium valproate alone,respectively.After 16 weeks of treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge were evaluated,and chi-square test was used for statistical comparison.The related indicators,including serum tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-α),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),homocysteine(Hcy),haematocrit(HCT),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),serum S-100βand HMGB-1,were measured before and after treatment.Paired t-test was used for the comparison in the above indicators within a group before and after treatment;group t-test was used for the comparison between two groups.Chi-square test was used for the comparison in the rate of adverse reactions during treatment between two groups.The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Baogang Hospital(Approval No.:BG201606073),and all children’s guardians were required to sign informed consent forms for clinical study.There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in general clinical data(p>0.05),such as sex constituent ratio,age,the course of disease,the frequency of epileptic seizure per year before treatment,the incidence of epileptiform discharge before treatment and the constituent ratio of types of epileptic seizure,etc.Results:1)After treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge in the study group were 92.5%(74/80)and 85.0%(68/80)respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in the control group[68.8%(55/80)and 58.8%(47/80)],and the differences were statistically significant(Х^(2)=14.444,13.635;p<0.001).2)In the study group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(53.1±14.0)pg/ml,(5.0±2.5)mg/L,(12.5±3.1)μmol/L,(38.1±5.1)%and(3.0±0.5)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(107.9±17.8)pg/ml,(10.1±2.5)mg/L,(42.2±5.8)μmol/L,(45.3±4.5)%and(5.2±0.6)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=21.644,12.902,40.393,9.468,25.194;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(60.6±17.8)pg/ml,(8.2±2.2)mg/L,(15.2±3.1)μmol/L,(40.2±3.4)%and(4.5±0.6)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(112.4±14.3)pg/ml,(9.3±3.8)mg/L,(41.1±2.8)μmol/L,(44.6±5.5)%and(5.4±0.8)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=20.292,2.241,55.456,3.320,8.050;p<0.05).After treatment,the above indicators in the study group were all significantly lower than those in the control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=2.962,8.595,5.508,3.064,17.178;p<0.05).3)In the study group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.65±0.38)μg/L and(5.3±2.4)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.91±0.32)μg/L and(8.1±2.0)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.681,8.020;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.78±0.27)μg/L and(6.4±2.2)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.88±0.25)μg/L and(7.9±1.7)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.431,p=.016;t=4.826,p<0.001).After treatment,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.495,p=.014;t=2.840,p=.005).4)There was no significant difference between two groups in the rate of adverse reactions,such as nausea,vomiting,poor appetite,dizziness,drowsiness,hepatic and renal injury during treatment(p>0.05).Conclusions:The efficacy of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam is obviously better than that of sodium valproate alone in the treatment of children epilepsy.The children patients’serum S-100βand HMGB-1 are more significantly reduced,resulting in a lower rate of adverse reactions,which has a certain clinical value.展开更多
This paper reports the ultrastructural changes of trichomonas vaginaiis (T. vag. ) under the action of s-(-)usnic acid sodium in vitro. These changes can be shown by the following results:At first, the degranulation o...This paper reports the ultrastructural changes of trichomonas vaginaiis (T. vag. ) under the action of s-(-)usnic acid sodium in vitro. These changes can be shown by the following results:At first, the degranulation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) took place, the polyribosomes disaggregated. And then, the Golgi complex and the endoplasmic reticulum dilated. The cytoplasmic matrix presented and inhomogeneous apperance. Finally, the biomembrane loosed and fractured.The cell nuclei presented the karyorrhexis.展开更多
目的选取奥美拉唑含量变化较小的调配方法,探寻超说明书用药的合理性。方法 HPLC测定不同调配方法在不同时间点时注射用奥美拉唑钠的含量变化,比较不同调配方法对奥美拉唑钠含量影响。结果选用10 m L 0.9%氯化钠注射液作为溶媒所调配药...目的选取奥美拉唑含量变化较小的调配方法,探寻超说明书用药的合理性。方法 HPLC测定不同调配方法在不同时间点时注射用奥美拉唑钠的含量变化,比较不同调配方法对奥美拉唑钠含量影响。结果选用10 m L 0.9%氯化钠注射液作为溶媒所调配药物溶液稳定性较高,奥美拉唑含量变化较小。结论药品调配方法会影响药物使用的安全性及有效性,也属于合理用药讨论范畴;超说明书给药情况不能全部归为不合理用药,应结合具体文献资料及实际医疗环境而决定。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776203 and 21576187)the Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation(18JCYBJC21100)
文摘Omeprazole sodium(OMS), a typical non-hydrogen bond donors API, is only available in solvates so far, including monohydrate, ethanol solvate and methanol solvate. The methanol solvate was found for the first time. Solvate transformation thermodynamics of OMS was studied in this paper. First, the ternary phase diagrams forming two solvates for OMS in binary solvent mixtures including methanol + water, ethanol + water, and methanol+ ethanol were measured at temperature ranging of T =(278.15 to 313.15) K under atmospheric pressure. Further, the standard equilibrium constants of the solvate transformation reactions were evaluated according to the chemical reaction isothermal equation. The standard molar Gibbs free energy, the standard molar enthalpy, and the standard molar entropy of solvate transformation reactions were then calculated based on van't Hoff equation. Moreover, the thermodynamic stability of the OMS solvate was analyzed based on phase diagram. The results are of great importance to develop a crystallization process for manufacturing OMS solvate, and could be helpful to other solvate transformation research.
文摘Objective:To explore the effects of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam in the treatment of children epilepsy,and its influences on serum S-100βand high mobility group box-1(HMGB-1)in children with epilepsy.Methods:A total of 160 children who were diagnosed as epilepsy in Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia from July 2016 to October 2018 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into the study group(n=80)and the control group(n=80)by the random number table method,i.e.,they were treated with sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam and sodium valproate alone,respectively.After 16 weeks of treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge were evaluated,and chi-square test was used for statistical comparison.The related indicators,including serum tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-α),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),homocysteine(Hcy),haematocrit(HCT),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),serum S-100βand HMGB-1,were measured before and after treatment.Paired t-test was used for the comparison in the above indicators within a group before and after treatment;group t-test was used for the comparison between two groups.Chi-square test was used for the comparison in the rate of adverse reactions during treatment between two groups.The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Baogang Hospital(Approval No.:BG201606073),and all children’s guardians were required to sign informed consent forms for clinical study.There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in general clinical data(p>0.05),such as sex constituent ratio,age,the course of disease,the frequency of epileptic seizure per year before treatment,the incidence of epileptiform discharge before treatment and the constituent ratio of types of epileptic seizure,etc.Results:1)After treatment,the effective rates of epileptic seizure treatment and the improvement of epileptiform discharge in the study group were 92.5%(74/80)and 85.0%(68/80)respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in the control group[68.8%(55/80)and 58.8%(47/80)],and the differences were statistically significant(Х^(2)=14.444,13.635;p<0.001).2)In the study group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(53.1±14.0)pg/ml,(5.0±2.5)mg/L,(12.5±3.1)μmol/L,(38.1±5.1)%and(3.0±0.5)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(107.9±17.8)pg/ml,(10.1±2.5)mg/L,(42.2±5.8)μmol/L,(45.3±4.5)%and(5.2±0.6)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=21.644,12.902,40.393,9.468,25.194;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum TNF-α,hs-CRP and Hcy,as well as HCT and ESR after treatment were(60.6±17.8)pg/ml,(8.2±2.2)mg/L,(15.2±3.1)μmol/L,(40.2±3.4)%and(4.5±0.6)mm/h respectively,which were all significantly lower than those[(112.4±14.3)pg/ml,(9.3±3.8)mg/L,(41.1±2.8)μmol/L,(44.6±5.5)%and(5.4±0.8)mm/h]before treatment,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=20.292,2.241,55.456,3.320,8.050;p<0.05).After treatment,the above indicators in the study group were all significantly lower than those in the control group,and all the differences were statistically significant(t=2.962,8.595,5.508,3.064,17.178;p<0.05).3)In the study group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.65±0.38)μg/L and(5.3±2.4)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.91±0.32)μg/L and(8.1±2.0)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.681,8.020;p<0.001).In the control group,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 after treatment were(0.78±0.27)μg/L and(6.4±2.2)μg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those[(0.88±0.25)μg/L and(7.9±1.7)μg/L]before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.431,p=.016;t=4.826,p<0.001).After treatment,the levels of serum S-100βand HMGB-1 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.495,p=.014;t=2.840,p=.005).4)There was no significant difference between two groups in the rate of adverse reactions,such as nausea,vomiting,poor appetite,dizziness,drowsiness,hepatic and renal injury during treatment(p>0.05).Conclusions:The efficacy of sodium valproate combined with levetiracetam is obviously better than that of sodium valproate alone in the treatment of children epilepsy.The children patients’serum S-100βand HMGB-1 are more significantly reduced,resulting in a lower rate of adverse reactions,which has a certain clinical value.
文摘This paper reports the ultrastructural changes of trichomonas vaginaiis (T. vag. ) under the action of s-(-)usnic acid sodium in vitro. These changes can be shown by the following results:At first, the degranulation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) took place, the polyribosomes disaggregated. And then, the Golgi complex and the endoplasmic reticulum dilated. The cytoplasmic matrix presented and inhomogeneous apperance. Finally, the biomembrane loosed and fractured.The cell nuclei presented the karyorrhexis.
文摘目的选取奥美拉唑含量变化较小的调配方法,探寻超说明书用药的合理性。方法 HPLC测定不同调配方法在不同时间点时注射用奥美拉唑钠的含量变化,比较不同调配方法对奥美拉唑钠含量影响。结果选用10 m L 0.9%氯化钠注射液作为溶媒所调配药物溶液稳定性较高,奥美拉唑含量变化较小。结论药品调配方法会影响药物使用的安全性及有效性,也属于合理用药讨论范畴;超说明书给药情况不能全部归为不合理用药,应结合具体文献资料及实际医疗环境而决定。
