The heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins（G-proteins） in eukaryotes consisted of α, β and γ subunits and are important in molecular signaling by interacting with G-protein-coupled receptors（GPCR）, on which to tra...The heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins（G-proteins） in eukaryotes consisted of α, β and γ subunits and are important in molecular signaling by interacting with G-protein-coupled receptors（GPCR）, on which to transduce signaling into the cytoplast through appropriate downstream effectors. However, downstream effectors regulated by the G-proteins in plants are currently not well defined. In this study, the transcripts of AGB1, a G protein β subunit gene in Arabidopsis were found to be down-regulated by cold and heat, but up-regulated by high salt stress treatment. AGB1 mutant（agb1-2） was more sensitive to high salt stress than wild-type（WT）. Compared with WT, the cotyledon greening rates, fresh weight, root length, seedling germination rates and survival rates decreased more rapidly in agb1-2 along with increasing concentrations of Na Cl in normal（MS） medium. Physiological characteristic analysis showed that compared to WT, the contents of chlorophyll, relative proline accumulation and peroxidase（POD） were reduced, whereas the malonaldehyde（MDA） content and concentration ratio of Na＋/K＋ were increased in agb1-2 under salt stress condition. Further studies on the expression of several stress inducible genes associated with above physiological processes were investigated, and the results revealed that the expressions of genes related to proline biosynthesis, oxidative stress response, Na＋ homeostasis, stress- and ABAresponses were lower in agb1-2 than in WT, suggesting that those genes are possible downstream genes of AGB1 and that their changed expression plays an important role in determining phenotypic and physiologic traits in agb1-2. Taken together, these findings indicate that AGB1 positively regulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis through its modulation of genes transcription related to proline biosynthesis, oxidative stress, ion homeostasis, stress- and ABA-responses.展开更多
Among various physiological responses to salt stress, the synthesis of a lectin-related protein of 14.5 kDa was observed in rice plants （Oryza sativa L.） under the treatment of 170 mmol/L NaCl. In order to better un...Among various physiological responses to salt stress, the synthesis of a lectin-related protein of 14.5 kDa was observed in rice plants （Oryza sativa L.） under the treatment of 170 mmol/L NaCl. In order to better understand the role of the SALT protein in the physiological processes involving salinity, it was irnmunolocalized in mesophilic cells of leaf sheath and blade of a rice variety IAC-4440 following monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridome culture technique. This variety turned out to be an excellent model for that purpose, since it accumulates SALT protein even in absence of salt treatment and it has been classified as moderately sensitive to salinity and a superior grain producer. This feature was relevant for this work since it allowed the use of plants without the deleterious effects caused by salinity. Immunocytochemistry assays revealed that the SALT protein is located in the stroma of chloroplasts under non-stressing condition. Since the chloroplast is the main target affected by salinity and considering that the SALT protein does not present any apparent signal peptide for organelle localization, its lectin-like activity seems to play an important role in the establishment of stable complexes, either to other proteins or to oligosaccharides that are translocated to the chloroplast.展开更多
基金funded in part by the National Key Project for Research on Transgenic Biology(2013ZX08002-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201200)
文摘The heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins（G-proteins） in eukaryotes consisted of α, β and γ subunits and are important in molecular signaling by interacting with G-protein-coupled receptors（GPCR）, on which to transduce signaling into the cytoplast through appropriate downstream effectors. However, downstream effectors regulated by the G-proteins in plants are currently not well defined. In this study, the transcripts of AGB1, a G protein β subunit gene in Arabidopsis were found to be down-regulated by cold and heat, but up-regulated by high salt stress treatment. AGB1 mutant（agb1-2） was more sensitive to high salt stress than wild-type（WT）. Compared with WT, the cotyledon greening rates, fresh weight, root length, seedling germination rates and survival rates decreased more rapidly in agb1-2 along with increasing concentrations of Na Cl in normal（MS） medium. Physiological characteristic analysis showed that compared to WT, the contents of chlorophyll, relative proline accumulation and peroxidase（POD） were reduced, whereas the malonaldehyde（MDA） content and concentration ratio of Na＋/K＋ were increased in agb1-2 under salt stress condition. Further studies on the expression of several stress inducible genes associated with above physiological processes were investigated, and the results revealed that the expressions of genes related to proline biosynthesis, oxidative stress response, Na＋ homeostasis, stress- and ABAresponses were lower in agb1-2 than in WT, suggesting that those genes are possible downstream genes of AGB1 and that their changed expression plays an important role in determining phenotypic and physiologic traits in agb1-2. Taken together, these findings indicate that AGB1 positively regulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis through its modulation of genes transcription related to proline biosynthesis, oxidative stress, ion homeostasis, stress- and ABA-responses.
文摘为改善低盐(1g/100mLNaCl)环境中肌原纤维蛋白的功能特性,研究不同添加量的焦磷酸钠(tetrasodium pyrophosphate,TSPP)、三聚磷酸钠(sodium tripolyphosphate,STPP)、六偏磷酸钠(sodium hexametaphosphate,SHMP)对白鲢鱼肌原纤维蛋白结构和功能特性的影响。结果表明:低盐条件下,随着磷酸盐添加量的增加,肌原纤维蛋白的溶解度、表面疏水性、乳化性均呈上升趋势;3种磷酸盐均使肌原纤维蛋白引入磷酸基团;添加0.2~0.5 g/100 mL STPP能够降低肌原纤维蛋白热解速率,提升蛋白质热稳定性,其中0.4 g/100 mL STPP修饰的蛋白质磷酸化程度最大,此时大量的磷酸根基团与肌原纤维蛋白结合;TSPP和STPP更有利于蛋白质的聚集,而SHMP磷酸化的蛋白质更稳定。综上,0.4 g/100 mL STPP对低盐条件下肌原纤维蛋白功能特性具有更好的改善作用。
文摘Among various physiological responses to salt stress, the synthesis of a lectin-related protein of 14.5 kDa was observed in rice plants （Oryza sativa L.） under the treatment of 170 mmol/L NaCl. In order to better understand the role of the SALT protein in the physiological processes involving salinity, it was irnmunolocalized in mesophilic cells of leaf sheath and blade of a rice variety IAC-4440 following monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridome culture technique. This variety turned out to be an excellent model for that purpose, since it accumulates SALT protein even in absence of salt treatment and it has been classified as moderately sensitive to salinity and a superior grain producer. This feature was relevant for this work since it allowed the use of plants without the deleterious effects caused by salinity. Immunocytochemistry assays revealed that the SALT protein is located in the stroma of chloroplasts under non-stressing condition. Since the chloroplast is the main target affected by salinity and considering that the SALT protein does not present any apparent signal peptide for organelle localization, its lectin-like activity seems to play an important role in the establishment of stable complexes, either to other proteins or to oligosaccharides that are translocated to the chloroplast.
