Investigation of SH-Wave Fundamental Modes in Piezoelectromagnetic Plate: Electrically Closed and Magnetically Closed Boundary Conditions

It is theoretically considered the propagation (first evidence) of new dispersive shear-horizontal (SH) acoustic waves in the piezoelectromagnetic (magnetoelectroelastic) composite plates. The studied two-phase composites (BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 and PZT-5H-Terfenol-D) possess the piezoelectric phase (BaTiO3, PZT-5H) and the piezomagnetic phase (CoFe2O4, Terfenol-D). The mechanical, electrical, and magnetic boundary conditions applied to both the upper and lower free surfaces of the plate are as follows: the mechanically free, electrically closed, and magnetically closed surfaces. As a result, the fundamental modes of two new dispersive SH-waves recently discovered in book [Zakharenko, A.A. (2012) ISBN: 978-3-659-30943-4] were numerically calculated. It was found that for large values of normalized plate thickness kd (k and d are the wavenumber and plate half-thickness, respectively) the velocities of both the new dispersive SH-waves can approach the nondispersive SH-SAW velocity of the piezoelectric exchange surface Melkumyan (PEESM) wave. It was also discussed that for small values of kd, the experimental study of the new dispersive SH-waves can be preferable in comparison with the nondispersive PEESM wave. The obtained results can be constructive for creation of various technical devices based on (non)dispersive SH-waves and two-phase smart materials. The new dispersive SH-waves propagating in the plates can be also employed for nondestructive testing and evaluation. Also, it is obvious that the plates can be used in technical devices instead of the corresponding bulk samples for further miniaturization.

A Pipe Inspection Using a Circumferential SH-Mode Plate Wave Generated in a Pipe by an Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT)

Inspection of a pipeline is essential for the safe use of such facilities. A trial sensor using an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT), which can generate the SH-mode plate wave propagating in the circumferential direction, has been developed to realize this objective. It consists of a circulating electromagnetic induction coil around the pipe and many permanent magnets arranged on the surface of the pipe in the circumferential direction. It is postulated that the intensity of the SH-mode plate wave propagating in the circumferential direction is dependent on any defects in the circumferential direction. A resonance method was then utilized to obtain a stronger received signal. As a result, it was confirmed that the resonance status can be detected. The relationship between the signal intensity and the pipe thickness was then evaluated. It was confirmed that the wall thickness of about 20% can be detected under a static condition. Finally, a moving test has been executed by using an axially traveling device manufactured by trial. The test pipes with different sizes of drilled holes were prepared. The change in the received signal intensity according to different sizes of the drilled holes was successfully detected.

On New Dispersive SH-Waves Propagating in Piezoelectromagnetic Plate

This theoretical work discovers four new dispersive shear-horizontal (SH) waves propagating in the transversely isotropic piezoelectromagnetic plate of class 6 mm. In this work, the following mechanical, electrical, and magnetic boundary conditions at both the upper and lower free surfaces of the piezoelectromagnetic plate are utilized: the mechanically free surface, continuity of both the electrical and magnetic potentials, and continuity of both the electrical and magnetic inductions. The solutions for the new SH-wave velocities (dispersion relations) are found in explicit forms and then graphically studied. The graphical investigation has soundly illuminated several interesting peculiarities that were also discussed. The piezoelectromagnetic materials, also known as the magnetoelectroelastic media, are famous as smart materials because the electrical subsystem of the materials can interact with the magnetic subsystem via the mechanical subsystem, and vice versa. Therefore, it is very important to know the wave characteristics of such (composite) materials because of possible constitution of new technical devices with a high level of integration. It is obvious that the plate waves can be preferable for further miniaturization of the technical devices and used for the nondestructive testing and evaluation of thin piezoelectromagnetic films.

压电超声SH导波管道测厚方法优化及系统设计

为深入探究水平剪切(SH)波在有界平板中的传播特性,该研究从SH波的基本理论出发,根据无限大平板中传播的SH0波的非频散特性,开展有界平板结构中SH0波传播特性的仿真分析和实验验证。结果表明,在频厚积参数为3.0 MHzmm的激励条件下,有界平板结构中传播的SH0波能够保持优良的非频散特性。在此研究基础上,针对利用SH导波在测厚研究中存在的耦合效果不佳、回波信号杂乱等共性问题,借助平板型波导条设计了一套基于压电超声SH0导波的管道壁厚测量装置,并基于该测厚设备开展了管道壁厚检测实验。实验结果表明,所设计的“预固定”加“二次固定”耦合方法有效解决了耦合难题;基于该测厚装置提出了忽略首次回波信号的管道壁厚计算方法,该方法能够从原始回波信号中更加精确地计算出壁厚值,将测量值精度误差控制在0.05 mm以内。该文提出的研究方法为工业管道的壁厚检测和长期在线监测提供了新的解决思路,在工程实践中具有重要的参考价值和指导意义。

弹性层中的SH板波传播特性及电磁超声激励方法的研究

研究水平剪切波(ShearHorizontal,简称SH波)的传播特性及激励接收方法对该波在无损检测和声弹性技术范围内的工程应用有着重要的价值。首先,SH波在弹性层中传播的多模态、频散特性在文中作了详细的分析,同时重点研究了电磁超声技术在非铁磁性材料波导中产生SH波的探头结构和基础理论,并以试验的方法验证了其部分电声特性,结果表明,SH板波具有其他类型波所没有的独特特性,而电磁超声技术在SH波的激励接收方面有着很大的优势。

Lamb波与SH板波双模式电磁超声检测系统的设计与实验

设计了一种新颖的SH板波和Lamb波双模式电磁超声换能探头,可有效应用于工业板材或管材的自动化在线检测。同时简要分析了电磁超声在铁磁性材料中换能Lamb波和SH波的理论,介绍了系统的结构组成和软硬件设计方法,具有较强的指导意义和应用价值。

金属薄板中SH波波速与预应力关系的理论研究

基于各向同性金属材料在静压力作用下产生各向异性的事实,从固体中超声波的非线性理论出发,得到了在一定应力下固体的部分等效的二阶弹性常数.利用各向异性板中的SH波理论,推得了在静应力作用下与应力平行和垂直方向的SH波的频散方程,讨论了金属薄板中SH波波速与应力的关系.

压电弹性层合梁-板结构中SH波的传播

建立了压电层合梁-板结构的压电-弹性动力学基本方程式,在给定压电层合梁-板结构形式和波传播方向的情况下,对基本方程式进行了简化;利用连续性条件和边界条件,建立了波传播的特征方程式,并对波动方程式进行求解;得到了前三阶频散关系曲线。通过实例数值计算,讨论了弹性层、压电层的厚度比与频散关系的影响,得出了SH波在压电层合梁-板结构中传播的基本特性。

不等厚钢板对接焊缝裂纹超声SH波监测试验研究

不等厚钢板广泛应用于起重装备、压力容器等设备上,在载荷作用下钢板的对接焊缝处极易产生裂纹,严重时导致结构件断裂。本文开展基于磁致伸缩超声SH波技术的不等厚板对接焊缝裂纹监测试验研究,分析裂纹演化对反射回波信号的影响,试验结果表明,焊缝裂纹回波信号的峰峰值、能量等特征参数能有效表征裂纹的演化趋势。该方法可实现对不等厚钢板对接焊缝裂纹的快速有效监测,为焊缝裂纹监测的工程应用奠定技术基础。

SHEAR-HORIZONTAL WAVES IN A ROTATED Y-CUT QUARTZ PLATE WITH AN ISOTROPIC ELASTIC LAYER OF FINITE THICKNESS

We study shear-horizontal （SH） waves in a rotated Y-cut quartz plate carrying an isotropic elastic layer of finite thickness.The three-dimensional theories of anisotropic elasticity and isotropic elasticity are used for the quartz plate and the elastic layer,respectively.A transcen-dental frequency equation that determines the dispersion relations of the waves is obtained.The dispersion relations are obtained and plotted by solving the frequency equation using MATLAB.Approximate dispersion relations are also obtained analytically for two special cases.One is for long waves whose wavelength is much larger than the plate thickness.The other is for the case of a very thin elastic layer.The effects of the elastic layer on the dispersion relations are exam-ined.The results obtained are fundamental and useful to acoustic wave sensors for measuring the mechanical and geometric properties of the elastic layer.

变厚度板中水平剪切波的传播特性分析

为研究超声导波在储罐壁板等变壁厚结构中的传播特性,建立了SH波在空间自由边界中的传播模型,基于各向同性弹性介质Navier-Stokes方程,推导了变厚度板中SH波的频散方程,分析了变厚度板中水平剪切波走时t与倾斜角θ间的相互作用关系;通过简谐点源的远场响应并引入板厚与传播位移的非线性关系,得出了变厚度板中SH波的远场响应方程。在此基础上,仿真分析和实验验证了水平剪切波在不同倾斜角变厚度板中的传播特性,结果表明:在变厚度板的薄端激励水平剪切波并沿结构表面传播时,无频散现象,且无波包分离现象;但随着变厚度板倾斜角θ增大,水平剪切波的走时和接收信号幅值均逐渐递减,且呈非线性关系。

双层钢板搭接区域内的裂纹缺陷检测仿真

以双层钢板搭接区域内裂纹缺陷为检测对象,考虑钢板包覆和焊缝包围对检测信号的影响,提出利用SH0模态导波对裂纹缺陷进行检测的方法。基于Comsol多物理场仿真平台,建立双层钢板搭接三维结构模型,并在搭接区域内构建不同长度裂纹缺陷。结果表明,检测波长为12.8 mm,裂纹缺陷长度为10 mm时,缺陷回波信号与无缺陷时噪声信号基本重叠,无法检测;裂纹缺陷的长度从10~40 mm变化时,裂纹缺陷越长,回波信号越明显;裂纹缺陷的计算位置与实际位置的误差为1.79%。研究为双层钢板搭接区域内缺陷在线检测提供理论依据。

初应力下压电半导体板中SH波的传播特性

针对无限大n-型压电半导体板,论文理论研究了其在初应力作用下水平剪切波的传播特性.基于压电半导体三维宏观理论和边界条件得到色散关系,结合数值算例,系统分析了边界条件、初始载流子浓度、板的厚度和初应力大小对SH波传播特性的影响.此外,讨论了初应力下两种不同材料中的SH波传播.研究显示:较小的初应力对相速度影响很小可忽略,当初应力达到一定值时波速急剧下降;类似地,初应力足够大时衰减才会逐渐加强.计算结果对压电半导体器件设计具有一定的理论指导意义.

SH超声导波储油罐底板检测仿真

采用有限元仿真模拟了SH超声导波检测储油罐底板损伤过程,通过细化模型的单元尺寸和时间步长确保模拟结果的准确度。经过Matlab频谱分析选择10个单音频数70 kHz经Hanning窗调制后的信号作为激励信号,对储油罐底板无缺陷、通孔缺陷、裂缝缺陷、腐蚀坑缺陷进行有限元仿真模拟,通过分析超声导波回波信号的信噪比,可以准确定位缺陷位置和几何特征,为SH超声导波检测技术应用提供了有力的理论支持。