A Rapid-exploration Random Tree(RRT)autonomous detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy and Karto Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM)algorithm was proposed to solve the problems of...A Rapid-exploration Random Tree(RRT)autonomous detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy and Karto Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM)algorithm was proposed to solve the problems of low efficiency of detecting frontier boundary points and drift distortion in the process of map building in the traditional RRT algorithm in the autonomous detection strategy of mobile robot.Firstly,an RRT global frontier boundary point detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy was put forward,which introduces the reference value of guide nodes’deflection probability into the random sampling function so that the global search tree can detect frontier boundary points towards the guide nodes according to random probability.After that,a new autonomous detection algorithm for mobile robots was proposed by combining the graph optimization-based Karto SLAM algorithm with the previously improved RRT algorithm.The algorithm simulation platform based on the Gazebo platform was built.The simulation results show that compared with the traditional RRT algorithm,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm can effectively reduce the time of autonomous detection,plan the length of detection trajectory under the condition of high average detection coverage,and complete the task of autonomous detection mapping more efficiently.Finally,with the help of the ROS-based mobile robot experimental platform,the performance of the proposed algorithm was verified in the real environment of different obstacles.The experimental results show that in the actual environment of simple and complex obstacles,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm was superior to the traditional RRT autonomous detection algorithm in the time of detection,length of detection trajectory,and average coverage,thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of autonomous detection.展开更多
A line-feature based SLAM algorithm is presented in this paper to resolve the conflict between the requirements of computational complexity and information-richness within the point-feature based SLAM algorithm, All o...A line-feature based SLAM algorithm is presented in this paper to resolve the conflict between the requirements of computational complexity and information-richness within the point-feature based SLAM algorithm, All operations required for building and maintaining the map, such as model-setting, data association, and state-updating, are described and formulated. This approach has been programmed and successfully tested in the simulation work, and results are shown at the end of this paper.展开更多
巡检机器控制是电厂巡检自动化和智能化技术的核心,但现行方法在实际应用中存在一些不足和缺陷,不仅控制路径平滑系数较低,而且存在碰撞问题,智能巡检机器避障性能较差,无法达到预期的控制效果,为此提出基于SLAM(Simultaneous Localizat...巡检机器控制是电厂巡检自动化和智能化技术的核心,但现行方法在实际应用中存在一些不足和缺陷,不仅控制路径平滑系数较低,而且存在碰撞问题,智能巡检机器避障性能较差,无法达到预期的控制效果,为此提出基于SLAM(Simultaneous Localization And Mapping)算法和动静态规划的电厂智能巡检机器控制方法。利用激光雷达和相机获取巡检环境信息,采用YOLOv3对图像增强,通过点云旋转去除激光点云中离散点,实现对点云数据增强,采用SLAM算法对巡检环境图像和激光点云融合,构建巡检地图和定位巡检机器,采用动静态规划根据环境信息动态调整巡检机器运动轨迹,从而实现对电厂智能巡检机器导航跟踪控制。经实验证明,应用设计方法后,巡检机器路径平滑系数在0.9以上,未发生碰撞,该方法在电厂智能巡检机器控制方面具有良好的应用前景。展开更多
在我国科学技术迅速发展的今天,移动机器人的智能程度在不断提升。同步定位与建图(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)算法是移动机器人自主导航实现的前提与关键。文章在ROS系统基础上分析了基于滤波器与基于图优化方法的SLA...在我国科学技术迅速发展的今天,移动机器人的智能程度在不断提升。同步定位与建图(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)算法是移动机器人自主导航实现的前提与关键。文章在ROS系统基础上分析了基于滤波器与基于图优化方法的SLAM算法原理,利用基于Jetson Nano硬件平台的移动机器人进行SLAM算法建图。文章针对建图中产生的地图错位漂移等问题进行研究讨论,分析得出Cartographer算法可在室内复杂环境下构建出误差低、精度高的2D栅格地图,验证了该算法在室内环境较其他算法的优异性,为移动机器人在室内SLAM建图提供更可靠的解决方案。展开更多
本文研究了基于视觉即时定位与地图构建(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)算法的城市地下空间三维建模技术,结合地下空间特点,提出了一种新的三维建模方法。通过优化SLAM算法,实现了在地下环境中高效准确地构建三维模型的...本文研究了基于视觉即时定位与地图构建(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)算法的城市地下空间三维建模技术,结合地下空间特点,提出了一种新的三维建模方法。通过优化SLAM算法,实现了在地下环境中高效准确地构建三维模型的目标。利用RGB-D深度相机,实现了对地下环境的立体感知和数据采集,提升了模型的准确性和响应速度。经测试,验证了所采用方法的有效性和可行性,为城市地下空间的数字化建设提供了关键的技术支持。展开更多
针对Cartographer算法在激光雷达的数据处理中存在的点云特征丢失的问题和低帧率激光雷达导致的运动畸变问题,提出一种改进激光同步定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping, SLAM)算法。采用k邻域搜索邻近点降采样的体...针对Cartographer算法在激光雷达的数据处理中存在的点云特征丢失的问题和低帧率激光雷达导致的运动畸变问题,提出一种改进激光同步定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping, SLAM)算法。采用k邻域搜索邻近点降采样的体素滤波方法代替Cartographer算法中的传统体素滤波方法,在不丢失点云特征的情况下提升计算速率;嵌入轮式里程计辅助模块去除激光雷达运动畸变,减少机器人的位姿累积误差,从而改善建图效果;最后,增加了边约束条件改善回环检测效果。通过在机器人操作系统中的gazebo搭建仿真环境进行模拟实验,对比两种算法,实验结果显示改进算法的建图轨迹误差更小。展开更多
FastSLAM is a popular framework which uses a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to solve the simultaneous localization and mapping problem(SLAM). However, in this framework there are two important potential limitatio...FastSLAM is a popular framework which uses a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to solve the simultaneous localization and mapping problem(SLAM). However, in this framework there are two important potential limitations, the particle depletion problem and the linear approximations of the nonlinear functions. To overcome these two drawbacks, this paper proposes a new FastSLAM algorithm based on revised genetic resampling and square root unscented particle filter(SR-UPF). Double roulette wheels as the selection operator, and fast Metropolis-Hastings(MH) as the mutation operator and traditional crossover are combined to form a new resampling method. Amending the particle degeneracy and keeping the particle diversity are both taken into considerations in this method. As SR-UPF propagates the sigma points through the true nonlinearity, it decreases the linearization errors. By directly transferring the square root of the state covariance matrix, SR-UPF has better numerical stability. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can improve the diversity of particles, and perform well on estimation accuracy and consistency.展开更多
基金This research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62063006)Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(No.2022AA05002)+2 种基金Key Laboratory of AI and Information Processing(Hechi University),Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(No.2022GXZDSY003)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Spatial Information and Geomatics(Guilin University of Technology)(No.21-238-21-16)Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(No.YCSW2023352).
文摘A Rapid-exploration Random Tree(RRT)autonomous detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy and Karto Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM)algorithm was proposed to solve the problems of low efficiency of detecting frontier boundary points and drift distortion in the process of map building in the traditional RRT algorithm in the autonomous detection strategy of mobile robot.Firstly,an RRT global frontier boundary point detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy was put forward,which introduces the reference value of guide nodes’deflection probability into the random sampling function so that the global search tree can detect frontier boundary points towards the guide nodes according to random probability.After that,a new autonomous detection algorithm for mobile robots was proposed by combining the graph optimization-based Karto SLAM algorithm with the previously improved RRT algorithm.The algorithm simulation platform based on the Gazebo platform was built.The simulation results show that compared with the traditional RRT algorithm,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm can effectively reduce the time of autonomous detection,plan the length of detection trajectory under the condition of high average detection coverage,and complete the task of autonomous detection mapping more efficiently.Finally,with the help of the ROS-based mobile robot experimental platform,the performance of the proposed algorithm was verified in the real environment of different obstacles.The experimental results show that in the actual environment of simple and complex obstacles,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm was superior to the traditional RRT autonomous detection algorithm in the time of detection,length of detection trajectory,and average coverage,thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of autonomous detection.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China (60475031)
文摘A line-feature based SLAM algorithm is presented in this paper to resolve the conflict between the requirements of computational complexity and information-richness within the point-feature based SLAM algorithm, All operations required for building and maintaining the map, such as model-setting, data association, and state-updating, are described and formulated. This approach has been programmed and successfully tested in the simulation work, and results are shown at the end of this paper.
文摘巡检机器控制是电厂巡检自动化和智能化技术的核心,但现行方法在实际应用中存在一些不足和缺陷,不仅控制路径平滑系数较低,而且存在碰撞问题,智能巡检机器避障性能较差,无法达到预期的控制效果,为此提出基于SLAM(Simultaneous Localization And Mapping)算法和动静态规划的电厂智能巡检机器控制方法。利用激光雷达和相机获取巡检环境信息,采用YOLOv3对图像增强,通过点云旋转去除激光点云中离散点,实现对点云数据增强,采用SLAM算法对巡检环境图像和激光点云融合,构建巡检地图和定位巡检机器,采用动静态规划根据环境信息动态调整巡检机器运动轨迹,从而实现对电厂智能巡检机器导航跟踪控制。经实验证明,应用设计方法后,巡检机器路径平滑系数在0.9以上,未发生碰撞,该方法在电厂智能巡检机器控制方面具有良好的应用前景。
文摘在我国科学技术迅速发展的今天,移动机器人的智能程度在不断提升。同步定位与建图(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)算法是移动机器人自主导航实现的前提与关键。文章在ROS系统基础上分析了基于滤波器与基于图优化方法的SLAM算法原理,利用基于Jetson Nano硬件平台的移动机器人进行SLAM算法建图。文章针对建图中产生的地图错位漂移等问题进行研究讨论,分析得出Cartographer算法可在室内复杂环境下构建出误差低、精度高的2D栅格地图,验证了该算法在室内环境较其他算法的优异性,为移动机器人在室内SLAM建图提供更可靠的解决方案。
文摘本文研究了基于视觉即时定位与地图构建(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)算法的城市地下空间三维建模技术,结合地下空间特点,提出了一种新的三维建模方法。通过优化SLAM算法,实现了在地下环境中高效准确地构建三维模型的目标。利用RGB-D深度相机,实现了对地下环境的立体感知和数据采集,提升了模型的准确性和响应速度。经测试,验证了所采用方法的有效性和可行性,为城市地下空间的数字化建设提供了关键的技术支持。
文摘针对Cartographer算法在激光雷达的数据处理中存在的点云特征丢失的问题和低帧率激光雷达导致的运动畸变问题,提出一种改进激光同步定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping, SLAM)算法。采用k邻域搜索邻近点降采样的体素滤波方法代替Cartographer算法中的传统体素滤波方法,在不丢失点云特征的情况下提升计算速率;嵌入轮式里程计辅助模块去除激光雷达运动畸变,减少机器人的位姿累积误差,从而改善建图效果;最后,增加了边约束条件改善回环检测效果。通过在机器人操作系统中的gazebo搭建仿真环境进行模拟实验,对比两种算法,实验结果显示改进算法的建图轨迹误差更小。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61101197)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20093219120025)
文摘FastSLAM is a popular framework which uses a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter to solve the simultaneous localization and mapping problem(SLAM). However, in this framework there are two important potential limitations, the particle depletion problem and the linear approximations of the nonlinear functions. To overcome these two drawbacks, this paper proposes a new FastSLAM algorithm based on revised genetic resampling and square root unscented particle filter(SR-UPF). Double roulette wheels as the selection operator, and fast Metropolis-Hastings(MH) as the mutation operator and traditional crossover are combined to form a new resampling method. Amending the particle degeneracy and keeping the particle diversity are both taken into considerations in this method. As SR-UPF propagates the sigma points through the true nonlinearity, it decreases the linearization errors. By directly transferring the square root of the state covariance matrix, SR-UPF has better numerical stability. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can improve the diversity of particles, and perform well on estimation accuracy and consistency.