基于SOA思想的农产品质量追溯系统架构

分析了农产品质量追溯系统的业务流程与功能模块,介绍了面向服务体系架构及其特点,构建了基于SOA(Sevice-oriented Architecture)思想的农产品质量追溯系统,并对系统架构中的服务设计进行了描述。

面向服务架构SOA

面向服务的体系结构(service-oriented architecture,SOA)是一个组件模型,它将应用程序的不同功能单元(称为服务)通过这些服务之间定义良好的接口和契约联系起来。SOA的强大和灵活性将给企业带来巨大的好处。如果某组织将其IT架构抽象出来,将其功能以粗粒度的服务形式表示出来,每种服务都清晰地表示其业务价值。本文将从几方面简单介绍。

ENTERPRISE INTEGRATION PLATFORM BASED ON SERVICEORIENTED ARCHITECTURE

To achieve information integration, process integration and application integration of enterprise, an enterprise integration platform （EIP） based on service-oriented architecture （SOA） is built. The enterprise integration model depending on encapsulating the business processes as well as the enterprise applications by the neutral and standard web services is presented. The problem how to discover the existed enterprise resources and share them was resolved depending on the mechanism of publishing and discovering the services. The EIP is integrated closely with product lifecycle management （PLM） system so that the process integration as well as orchestration of the business process services is implemented by encapsulating the workflow engine of PLM system. Not only process integration and application integration, but also information integration based on the bill of material （BOM） conversion driven by process are achieved. Finally, an interpretive, qualitative case study on EIP is conducted for this research.

A Service Composition Approach Based on Sequence Mining for Migrating E-learning Legacy System to SOA

With the fast development of business logic and information technology, today＇s best solutions are tomorrow＇s legacy systems. In China, the situation in the education domain follows the same path. Currently, there exists a number of e-learning legacy assets with accumulated practical business experience, such as program resource, usage behaviour data resource, and so on. In order to use these legacy assets adequately and efficiently, we should not only utilize the explicit assets but also discover the hidden assets. The usage behaviour data resource is the set of practical operation sequences requested by all users. The hidden patterns in this data resource will provide users＇ practical experiences, which can benefit the service composition in service-oriented architecture （SOA） migration. Namely, these discovered patterns will be the candidate composite services （coarse-grained） in SOA systems. Although data mining techniques have been used for software engineering tasks, little is known about how they can be used for service composition of migrating an e-learning legacy system （MELS） to SOA. In this paper, we propose a service composition approach based on sequence mining techniques for MELS. Composite services found by this approach will be the complementation of business logic analysis results of MELS. The core of this approach is to develop an appropriate sequence mining algorithm for mining related data collected from an e-learning legacy system. According to the features of execution trace data on usage behaviour from this e-learning legacy system and needs of further pattern analysis, we propose a sequential mining algorithm to mine this kind of data of tile legacy system. For validation, this approach has been applied to the corresponding real data, which was collected from the e-learning legacy system; meanwhile, some investigation questionnaires were set up to collect satisfaction data. The investigation result is 90% the same with the result obtained through our approach.

A Low Cost Tax SOA Infrastructure in Grid Applications

Many high performance database servers are becoming idle with the tax data being integrated to country tax data centers. We make use of the idle servers to set up a provincial tax Grid based on open Grid service architecture （OGSA）. We put forward practical methods to integrate databases, to define and create basic modular Grid services and apply agent to manage Grid services. This technical innovation scheme is of a service-oriented architecture （SOA） and succeeds in averting resources waste. Tests proved that it greatly improves the quality of tax services.

SOA Information Engineering System Based on Knowledge Grid Applications in Smart Grids

Smart grids have the characteristics of being observable,controllable,adaptive,self-healing,embedded independent processing,and real-time analysis.With the development of smart grids,constructing a grid to cover global,unified information systems,which should be adapted to fulf ill the requirements of the characteristics,is essential.This paper presents an service-oriented architecture(SOA)for smart grid information-engineering systems based on knowledge grid,which could form as a service-oriented architecture through business,technology and management;it would extract potentially valuable information from the massive amount of information on the generation side,the grid side,and the electricity side,then share the useful information to improve availability,security and stability.

Case Study of Service Oriented Enterprise Architecture Framework

Many organizations have now adopted Service Oriented Architecture （SOA） as an architectural style to help them with architecture, design and implementation of their core services and systems. Most of these organizations are challenged in integrating SOA style with their overall Enterprise Architecture work. This framework links an SOA style with the Enterprise Architecture （EA） methodologies to help organizations organize their SOA effort as a key part of their Enterprise Architecture. The case study demonstrates the implementation of architecture goal with organization vision in service oriented organizational structure using services that align Business with Technology. The framework is validated and has reserved the privileges of SOA and EA.

用户驱动的服务聚合方法及其支撑框架

虚拟计算环境的重要目标之一,就是在动态、开放、多变的网络环境中对分布异构资源按需进行聚合,并提供有效的资源发布、发现、订阅等机制.通过服务来抽象和封装资源是资源虚拟化的主要手段之一,但现有面向服务的体系结构(service oriented architecture,简称SOA)所采用的"以服务提供商为中心"的服务组织模式容易导致用户发现和订阅服务的难度随着服务的增加而增加.提出一种用户驱动的服务聚合技术,即根据用户需求,将功能相似的服务聚合成服务池并封装为单一的虚拟服务,随后根据用户QoS需求进行自动协商,选出最佳服务或服务组合.该方法的特点在于将服务池作为用户发现和订阅的唯一实体,从用户角度将大量服务聚合成为相对稳定和统一的资源视图,屏蔽资源的复杂性、多样性和多变性,支持自动QoS协商,从而有效提高用户对服务资源的利用.

Approach of service recovery decision-making based on Bellman dynamic programming

Based on service-oriented architecture（SOA）,a Bellman-dynamic-programming-based approach of service recovery decision-making is proposed to make valid recovery decisions.Both the attribute and the process of services in the controllable distributed information system are analyzed as the preparatory work.Using the idea of service composition as a reference,the approach translates the recovery decision-making into a planning problem regarding artificial intelligence （AI） through two steps.The first is the self-organization based on a logical view of the network,and the second is the definition of evaluation standards.Applying Bellman dynamic programming to solve the planning problem,the approach offers timely emergency response and optimal recovery source selection,meeting multiple QoS （quality of service）requirements.Experimental results demonstrate the rationality and optimality of the approach,and the theoretical analysis of its computational complexity and the comparison with conventional methods exhibit its high efficiency.

Cognitive Network Management in Internet of Things

The wide variety of smart embedded computing devices and their increasing number of applications in our daily life have created new op- portunities to acquire knowledge from the physical world anytime and anywhere, which is envisioned as the＂Internet of Things＂ （IoT）. Since a huge number of heterogeneous resources are brought in- to IoT, one of the main challenges is how to effi- ciently manage the increasing complexity of IoT in a scalable, flexNle, and autonomic way. Further- more, the emerging IoT applications will require collaborations among loosely coupled devices, which may reside in various locations of the Inter- net. In this paper, we propose a new IoT network management architecture based on cognitive net- work management technology and Service-Orien- ted Architecture to provide effective and efficient network management of loT.

A hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization-genetic algorithm for multi-task scheduling problem in service oriented manufacturing systems

To cope with the task scheduling problem under multi-task and transportation consideration in large-scale service oriented manufacturing systems(SOMS), a service allocation optimization mathematical model was established, and then a hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization-genetic algorithm(HDPSOGA) was proposed. In SOMS, each resource involved in the whole life cycle of a product, whether it is provided by a piece of software or a hardware device, is encapsulated into a service. So, the transportation during production of a task should be taken into account because the hard-services selected are possibly provided by various providers in different areas. In the service allocation optimization mathematical model, multi-task and transportation were considered simultaneously. In the proposed HDPSOGA algorithm, integer coding method was applied to establish the mapping between the particle location matrix and the service allocation scheme. The position updating process was performed according to the cognition part, the social part, and the previous velocity and position while introducing the crossover and mutation idea of genetic algorithm to fit the discrete space. Finally, related simulation experiments were carried out to compare with other two previous algorithms. The results indicate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed hybrid algorithm.

MLEA： A Solution for Users of Android in UTPVirtual

This paper describes a design of an educational platform for a mobile learning architecture, which is a state of the an topic in distance education. The product will allow users to interact in an efficient, flexible, and transparent fashion with a web-based education environment, in this case Module Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment （Moodle）, using Android mobile devices. In order to provide a strong and lasting architecture, the Service Oriented Architecture （SOA） methodology is used given that it allows easy software re-utilization as well as integration of heterogeneous services. The architecture is based on web services implemented with Representational State Transfer （REST）, as it has been demonstrated to be lighter and less consuming than other protocols, for devices with limited resources such as mobile devices. Web services provide the communication means between the server side and the client side of the architecture, whereas agents are used to deliver the services itself. The authors propose the development of an environment that facilitates the integration of various educational resources to support m-learning. An important aspect of the proposal is the offering of a tool to provide customized alerts for students and teachers, enabling them to remain updated about activities taking place in the courses.

Common Information Model： A Bus Service for Electric Calculations in AES Eletropaulo

This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power transmission and distribution area were evaluated, allowing the definition of state of the art on the theme, followed by determining its applications considering technologies already applied by the company. The specifications needed for the generation of a data integration model are adapted to radial overhead network at company concession area. The project developed an intermediary connectivity layer, based on the CIM （common information model）, which enables corporative systems to communicate in a standard way, through the use of integrating technologies. It, therefore, enabled modeling all main subjects of an electrical network in an open, extensible and non-proprietary way, in a model that contains classes and attributes of such subjects, as well as their relationships. Calculation and planning products adopted by the company were integrated to the technological layer implemented.

A taxonomic framework for autonomous service management in Service-Oriented Architecture

Since Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) reveals the black box nature of services,heterogeneity,service dynamism,and service evolvability,managing services is known to be a challenging problem.Autonomic computing (AC) is a way of designing systems that can manage themselves without direct human intervention.Hence,applying the key disciplines of AC to service management is appealing.A key task of service management is to identify probable causes for symptoms detected and to devise actuation methods that can remedy the causes.In SOA,there are a number of target elements for service remedies,and there can be a number of causes associated with each target element.However,there is not yet a comprehensive taxonomy of causes that is widely accepted.The lack of cause taxonomy results in the limited possibility of remedying the problems in an autonomic way.In this paper,we first present a meta-model,extract all target elements for service fault management,and present a computing model for autonomously managing service faults.Then we define fault taxonomy for each target element and inter-relationships among the elements.Finally,we show prototype implementation using cause taxonomy and conduct experiments with the prototype for validating its applicability and effectiveness.

Towards a Service-Oriented Architecture for a Mobile Assistive System with Real-time Environmental Sensing

With the growing aging population, age-related diseases have increased considerably over the years.In response to these, Ambient Assistive Living（AAL） systems are being developed and are continually evolving to enrich and support independent living. While most researchers investigate robust Activity Recognition（AR）techniques, this paper focuses on some of the architectural challenges of the AAL systems. This work proposes a system architecture that fuses varying software design patterns and integrates readily available hardware devices to create Wireless Sensor Networks（WSNs） for real-time applications. The system architecture brings together the Service-Oriented Architecture（SOA）, semantic web technologies, and other methods to address some of the shortcomings of the preceding system implementations using off-the-shelf and open source components. In order to validate the proposed architecture, a prototype is developed and tested positively to recognize basic user activities in real time. The system provides a base that can be further extended in many areas of AAL systems,including composite AR.

Design and Implementation of Service-Oriented Spatial Information Sharing Framework in Digital City

This paper proposes a theoretical framework of spatial information sharing in a digital city, and analyzes its technical characteristics. According to the service-oriented architecture (SOA) framework, a geospatial information sharing platform is put forward. The spatial information sharing model based on SOA is designed. A prototype platform realizing multiple-source spatial information sharing based on ArcGIS Server is developed.

Service-Oriented Enterprise Network Performance Analysis

The service-oriented architecture （SOA） and the model-driven architecture （MDA） have been rec- ognized as major evolutionary steps in enterprise integration （El） in service-oriented computing environ- ments. Service-oriented enterprise （SOE） networks （SOEN） are emerging with the significant advances of El, SOA, and MDA. However, the implementation and optimization of SOEN is still lacking integrated SOA, MDA, and performance analysis and optimization （PAO） methods. This paper introduces an integrated solu- tion of SOA and MDA with a simulation-based three-stage PAO method with stage 1 being an analytic hier- archy process （AHP）-based comprehensive performance calculation for service matching and binding, stage 2 being a simulation-based comprehensive performance evaluation for business process/service composition, and stage 3 being a business process simulation-based performance optimization for SOEN. The SOE architecture, performance analysis framework, performance indicators, and performance opera- tors are discussed. The system uses MDA as the system development philosophy, SOA as the system im- plementation infrastructure, and the simulation-based PAO methods to analyze and optimize the SOEN performance. A case study of the SOEN illustrates the usage of the integrated solution.

Event-driven flood management:design and computational modules

Flood management is a set of activities that have to be carried out in collaboration with multiple agencies.Advanced flood information with early warning generated using remote sensing satellite technologies can help the agencies to effectively manage the situation on ground.Various environmental parameters and forecasts provided by different agencies can be analyzed and compared with historical flood events for generating probable flood event alerts.The information(environmental parameters)provided by the agencies are heterogeneous and noncompliant to standards and distributed in nature.Synchronization of data from distributed resources and automation of data analysis process for flood management is a primary prerequisite for faster and efficient decision-making.Web 2.0-based web services enable data creation,sharing,communication,and collaboration on web.Spatial data sharing on web 2.0 for making quality of service using open-source software for efficient flood management is a challenge.Available software architectures proposed for risk and environmental crisis management are too generic in nature and needs lot of modification for flood management.An event-driven model coupled with data standardization procedures using service-oriented architecture provides an effective framework for flood management.In this paper,a framework capable of collecting heterogeneous distributed flood-related information for analyzing and alerting probable flood events is proposed.The framework has been implemented to generate automatic flood extent maps,by analyzing the distributed satellite data(as service).The automation of flood delineation process reduces the overall flood product generation time.Open-source web tools have been utilized in development of spatial information system to visualize and analyze the actual situation on ground facilitating overall decision-making process.