基于SABO-GRU-Attention的锂电池SOC估计

提出一种基于SABO-GRU-Attention(subtraction average based optimizer-gate recurrent unitattention)的锂电池SOC(state of charge)估计方法。采用基于平均减法优化算法自适应更新GRU神经网络的超参数,融合SE(squeeze and excitation)注意力机制自适应分配各通道权重,提高学习效率。对马里兰大学电池数据集进行预处理,输入电压、电流参数,进行锂电池充放电仿真实验,并搭建锂电池荷电状态实验平台进行储能锂电池充放电实验。结果表明,提出的SOC神经网络估计模型明显优于LSTM、GRU以及PSO-GRU等模型,具有较高的估计精度与应用价值。

基于SABO优化VMD-WTD-SVM的滚动轴承故障诊断模型

针对滚动轴承在运转过程中发生故障时故障类型难以提取和识别的问题,文章提出了一种基于减法平均优化器(subtraction-average-based optimizer,SABO)优化变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,VMD)联合小波阈值去噪(wavelet threshold denoising,WTD)来提取故障特征,并与支持向量机(SVM)相融合的滚动轴承故障诊断模型。首先,以最小包络熵为适应度函数,通过SABO优化VMD中关键参数组合(K,α)的选取。其次,根据得到的参数对故障信号进行VMD分解,通过包络熵值和峭度值选择其中的有效分量再次进行WTD处理,重构后得到最佳信号分量。最后,计算最佳信号分量对应的9个特征数据作为当前信号的特征向量,并输入到SVM进行训练和故障识别。与其他方法相比,本模型在滚动轴承故障诊断方面表现更为突出,故障识别准确率达到了98.666 7%,具有良好的实际应用价值。

基于ISABO-IBiLSTM模型的刀具磨损预测方法

针对现有的刀具磨损预测方法因为缺少优化算法及网络结构不完善而导致预测精度不高的问题,提出了一种将改进的减法优化器(SABO)算法和改进的双向长短时记忆(BiLSTM)网络相结合的刀具磨损状态预测模型(ISABO-IBiLSTM模型)。首先,采用截断法、Hampel滤波法、改进的完全自适应噪声集合经验模态分解(ICEEMDAN)-改进的小波阈值降噪法对加速度振动信号与力信号数据进行预处理。然后,提取预处理后的信号数据的时域、频域、时频域特征,并通过斯皮尔曼和最大互信息相关系数筛选特征,构建模型的输入。最后,利用改进的SABO算法对改进后的BiLSTM网络进行参数寻优,基于所得到的优化参数训练网络实现磨损预测。实验数据分析结果表明,所提出的ISABO-IBiLSTM模型对刀具磨损量的预测精度为98.49%~98.83%,较BiLSTM模型、改进的BiLSTM模型、改进的卷积神经网络(ICNN)-BiLSTM模型有了较大的提高。

Sabo works在日本的发展和应用

泥石流、滑坡等自然灾害的发生往往都造成人民生命财产和社会经济的巨大损失,严重危害着人类的生活,影响到社会、经济以及自然环境的持续发展。如何预防和降低这类灾害的损失,是人类社会,尤其是发展中国家面临的巨大问题。中国也是深受泥石流、滑坡等灾害影响严重的国家之一。2008年5月12日的汶川地震引发滑坡、崩塌众多,凸现了对这类灾害进行治理的紧迫性和必要性。文中通过介绍日本Sabo works的发展和目前应用情况,为中国泥石流、滑坡等灾害的防治工作提供有益借鉴。

Effects of spillway types on debris flow trajectory and scour behind a sabo dam

Debris flows are one of the common natural hazards in mountainous areas.They often cause devastating damage to the lives and property of local people.The sabo dam construction along a debris flow valley is considered to be a useful method for hazard mitigation.Previous work has concentrated on the different types of sabo dams such as close-type sabo dam,open-type sabo dam.However,little attention has been paid to the spillway structure of sabo dam.In the paper,a new type of spillway structure with lateral contraction was proposed.Debris flow patterns under four different spillway structures were investigated.The projection theory was employed to predict trajectory of debris flow out from the spillway and to estimate the incident angle and terminal velocity before it plunged into the scour hole behind the sabo dam.The results indicated that the estimated data were in good agreement with the experimental ones.The discrepancy between the estimated and experimental values of main parameters remained below 21.82%(relative error).Additionally,the effects of debris flow scales under different spillway structures were considered to study the scour law.Although the debris flow pattern and scour law behind the sabo dam under different operating conditions was analyzed in this paper,further study on the scour mechanism andthe maximum scour depth estimation based on scour theory is still required in the future.

Local Scour and the Laws of Scour Pit's Shape Downstream of Debris Flow Sabo Dam

The erosion shape and the law of development of debris flow sabo dam downstream is a weak part in the study on debris flow erosion. The shape and development of scour pit have an important effect on the stability and safety of debris flow sabo dam, which determines the foundational depth of the dam and the design of protective measures downstream. Study on the scouring law of sabo dam downstream can evaluate the erosion range and reasonably arrange auxiliary protective engineering. Therefore, a series of flume experiments are carried out including different debris flow characteristics （density is varying from 1.5 t/m3 to 2.1 t/m~） and different gully longitudinal slopes. The result shows that the scour pit appears as an oval shape in a plane and deep in the middle while superficial at the ends in the longitudinal section, the position of the maximum depth point moves towards downstream with an increase of flume slope angle. The maximum depth of scour pit is mainly affected by the longitudinal slope of gully, density of debris flow, and the characteristics of gully composition （particle size and the viscosity of soil）. The result also indicates that the viscosity of soil will weaken the erosion extent. The interior slopes of scour pit are different between the upstream and the downstream, and the downstream slope is smaller than the upper one. For the viscous and non-viscous sands with the same distribution of gradation, the interior slope of non- viscous sand is smaller than the viscous sand.According to tbe regression analysis on the experimental data, the quantitative relationship between the interior slope of scour pit, slope of repose under water and the longitudinal slope of gully is established and it can be used to calculate the interior slope of scour pit. The results can provide the basis for the parameter design of the debris flow control engineering foundation.

THOMAS SABO于2017年秋/冬时尚季闪耀推出Royalty系列作品

华美斑斓的纹饰、时尚精致的细节以及由皇家蓝、紫色和深绿色构成的色彩组合--THOMAS SABO品牌以2017年秋/冬季新品系列中全新的Royalty子系列首次引入皇家格调。

Application of SABO-VMD-KELM in Fault Diagnosis of Wind Turbines

In order to improve the accuracy of wind turbine fault diagnosis,a wind turbine fault diagnosis method based on Subtraction-Average-Based Optimizer(SABO)optimized Variational Mode Decomposition(VMD)and Kernel Extreme Learning Machine(KELM)is proposed.Firstly,the SABO algorithm was used to optimize the VMD parameters and decompose the original signal to obtain the best modal components,and then the nine features were calculated to obtain the feature vectors.Secondly,the SABO algorithm was used to optimize the KELM parameters,and the training set and the test set were divided according to different proportions.The results were compared with the optimized model without SABO algorithm.The experimental results show that the fault diagnosis method of wind turbine based on SABO-VMD-KELM model can achieve fault diagnosis quickly and effectively,and has higher accuracy.

基于优化变分模态分解和包络峭度的轴承故障诊断

针对变分模态分解(VMD)的分解层数K和惩罚因子α难以选择问题,提出了用减法平均优化器(SABO)对参数寻优的方法。首先,采用SABO对K和α进行寻优,输出最优参数组合并代入到VMD中,将原始振动信号分解得到K个模态分量;然后,用最大包络峭度为指标提取K个模态分量中峭度最大的分量作为最优分量,并计算其相关时域和熵理论特征参数构造特征向量样本集;最后,将特征向量样本集输入到经网格搜索和五折交叉验证调参的支持向量机(SVM)中进行故障诊断。为了验证该方法的有效性,利用凯斯西储大学轴承数据集进行实验,实验结果表明:该方法分类效果更好,准确率达到99.44%;基于江南大学3种不同工况的轴承数据实验,最终故障诊断准确率都达到了95%以上。

美国开放存取政策对中国的启示

公共存取运动发展迅速,需要有相应的政策加以引导和促进。国外的公共存取政策,尤其是美国的公共获取政策,对我国制定自己的公共存取政策具有很好的借鉴作用。我国政府应该尽早制定出符合我国国情的公共存取政策。介绍了美国的信息开放存取政策,探讨了美国开放存取政策的启示,提出了对我国制定开放存取政策的若干建议。

防砂坝下游河床局部冲刷现象之研究

防砂坝下游河床局部冲刷问题，对坝体安全及河道稳定具有深远之影响。因此，本研究乃利用冲射流理论分别探讨当冲刷达平衡时，冲刷坑之最大冲刷深度以及冲刷深度之时间变化，经与其他研究者试验资料验证比较，初步已获得良好之结果。

泥石流拦砂坝下游局部冲刷研究现状及展望

下游局部冲刷是影响泄水建筑物、泥石流拦砂坝安全运行的共同危害形式之一.对泄水建筑物与泥石流拦砂坝下游局部冲刷的准确认识,是防治下游局部冲刷的依据.以泄水建筑物与拦砂坝下游局部冲刷为研究对象,对下游局部冲刷坑深度计算、冲刷动力来源—水舌和泥舌的研究现状进行阐述与分析.总结得出:对泄水建筑物下游局部冲刷坑深度的计算已有较多计算公式及预测模型,关于其冲刷动力来源—水舌的水力特性也有较全面研究;拦砂坝下游局部冲刷的研究大多借鉴水利工程上的研究成果,然而泥石流属于非牛顿流体、不同于水流,并不能将泄水建筑物下游局部冲刷的研究成果简单应用于泥石流中。此外,对拦砂坝下游局部冲刷的动力来源—泥舌的水力特性认识不够充分.鉴于拦砂坝下游局部冲刷研究中存在的不足,探讨了未来可开展的工作:①基于物质组成和流速分布的泥舌水力特性研究;②基于动力演变过程的泥舌冲击力特征研究;③基于泥石流动力学过程的拦砂坝下游冲刷坑参数计算方法研究.

泥石流泥舌水力特性的沿程变化实验研究

泥石流过坝泥舌的水力特性与拦砂坝下游冲刷坑的最终深度、长度和宽度等形态特征密切相关,准确认识泥舌下泄沿程上的水力特性对研究坝下游冲刷过程十分重要。通过进行6组泥石流容重条件、6组沟床纵坡条件泥舌下泄室内水槽实验,重点研究了泥舌在下泄沿程的运动轨迹、纵向厚度变化特征、横向宽度变化特征和下游入射角变化特征的水力特性,建立了泥舌水力特性与射距的关系,并通过分析泥舌水力特性与射距的相关关系得到泥石流容重、沟床纵坡对泥舌水力特性的影响。研究结果表明:(1)泥舌下泄运动类似于抛物体运动,在相同实验条件下,高容重泥石流和低沟床纵坡条件下对应的泥舌下泄运动轨迹曲线变化程度较大,低容重泥石流和高沟床纵坡条件下的泥舌下泄运动轨迹曲线变化程度较小;(2)泥舌纵向厚度随着射距的增大而增大,纵向厚度变化率与射距增大而增大并呈线性正相关性,二者线性斜率随着泥石流容重的增大先增大后减小、随着沟床纵坡的增大而减小;(3)泥舌横向宽度随着射距的增大而减小,横向宽度变化率随着射距的增大而减小并呈线性负相关性,二者线性斜率随着泥石流容重的增大而减小、随着沟床纵坡的增大先减小后增大;(4)泥舌下游入射角随着射距的增大而增大,下游入射角变化率随射距的增大而增大呈线性正相关,二者线性斜率随着泥石流容重的增大而增大、随着沟床纵坡的增大而减小。本研究着眼于泥舌下泄运动现象问题,研究了不同泥石流容重、沟床纵坡实验条件下泥舌在下泄沿程上的水力特性,以期准确认识泥舌水力特性,为研究坝下游防治冲刷提供参考。

安史之乱后于阗地区征税体系研究

于阗是唐代安西四镇之一,关于其税收制度的记载却鲜见于传世史料。本文利用和田地区出土汉文文书及于阗语文书证明,于阗内部存在“国—州—乡—村”的征税体系,各级行政单位分别有官员负责征税。安史之乱后,唐朝镇守军与中央的联系被切断,无法获得来自中央的供给,利用于阗王国内部的征税体系在当地获取所需物资,直至8世纪末9世纪初于阗被吐蕃占领。