AIM: To investigate whether there was a dominant sacral root for the motive function of rectum and anal sphincter,and to provide an experimental basis for sacral root electrically stimulated defecation in spinal cord ...AIM: To investigate whether there was a dominant sacral root for the motive function of rectum and anal sphincter,and to provide an experimental basis for sacral root electrically stimulated defecation in spinal cord injuries.METHODS: Eleven spinal cord injured mongrel dogs were included in the study. After L4-L7 laminectomy, the bilateral L7-S3 roots were electrostimulated separately and rectal and sphincter pressure were recorded synchronously. Four animals were implanted electrodes on bilateral S2 roots.RESULTS: For rectal motorial innervation, S2 was the most dominant (mean 15.2 kPa, 37.7% of total pressure),S1 (11.3kPa, 27.6%) and S3 (10.9 kPa, 26.7%) contributed to a smaller part. For external anal sphincter, S3 (mean 17.2 kPa, 33.7%) was the most dominant, S2 (16.2 kPa,31.6%) and S1 (14.3 kPa, 27.9%) contributed to a lesser but still a significant part. Above 85% L7 roots provided some functional contribution to rectum and anal sphincter.For both rectum and sphincter, the dght sacral roots provided more contribution than the left roots. Postoperatively, the 4 dogs had electrically stimulated defecation and micturition under the control of the neuroprosthetic device.CONCLUSION: S2 root is the most dominant contributor to rectal pressure in dogs. Stimulation of bilateral S2 with implanted electrodes contributes to good micturition and defecation in dogs.展开更多
Some pelvic pain syndromes are very resistant to medical treatment. Several studies have demonstrated that sacral neuromodulation, which has been successfully used for the treatment of bladder dysfunction, incontinenc...Some pelvic pain syndromes are very resistant to medical treatment. Several studies have demonstrated that sacral neuromodulation, which has been successfully used for the treatment of bladder dysfunction, incontinence, urinary retention and urinary frequency [1]-[3], can be successfully used for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain [4]-[7]. Several studies have also demonstrated significant involvement of dorsal column pathways in the transmission of visceral pelvic pain [8] and the successful use of spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain [9]. We report three cases of severe chronic pelvic pain that failed conservative treatment modalities. Placement of a combined sacral nerve roots stimulator and a low thoracic spinal cord stimulator resulted in a significant pain relief and improvement in daily life activities. We believe that this combination may help patients suffering from chronic pelvic pain resistant to medical management.展开更多
Previous studies have shown that, anode block electrical stimulation of the sacral nerve root can produce physiological urination and reconstruct urinary bladder function in rabbits. However, whether long-term anode b...Previous studies have shown that, anode block electrical stimulation of the sacral nerve root can produce physiological urination and reconstruct urinary bladder function in rabbits. However, whether long-term anode block electrical stimulation causes damage to the sacral nerve root re- mains unclear, and needs further investigation. In this study, a complete spinal cord injury model was established in New Zealand white rabbits through T9_10 segment transection. Rabbits were given continuous electrical stimulation for a short period and then chronic stimulation for a longer period. Results showed that compared with normal rabbits, the structure of nerve cells in the anterior sacral nerve roots was unchanged in spinal cord injury rabbits after electrical stimu- lation. There was no significant difference in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Experimental findings indicate that neurons in the rabbit sacral nerve roots tolerate electrical stimulation, even after long-term anode block electrical stimulation.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science Fundation of China, No. 30440058
文摘AIM: To investigate whether there was a dominant sacral root for the motive function of rectum and anal sphincter,and to provide an experimental basis for sacral root electrically stimulated defecation in spinal cord injuries.METHODS: Eleven spinal cord injured mongrel dogs were included in the study. After L4-L7 laminectomy, the bilateral L7-S3 roots were electrostimulated separately and rectal and sphincter pressure were recorded synchronously. Four animals were implanted electrodes on bilateral S2 roots.RESULTS: For rectal motorial innervation, S2 was the most dominant (mean 15.2 kPa, 37.7% of total pressure),S1 (11.3kPa, 27.6%) and S3 (10.9 kPa, 26.7%) contributed to a smaller part. For external anal sphincter, S3 (mean 17.2 kPa, 33.7%) was the most dominant, S2 (16.2 kPa,31.6%) and S1 (14.3 kPa, 27.9%) contributed to a lesser but still a significant part. Above 85% L7 roots provided some functional contribution to rectum and anal sphincter.For both rectum and sphincter, the dght sacral roots provided more contribution than the left roots. Postoperatively, the 4 dogs had electrically stimulated defecation and micturition under the control of the neuroprosthetic device.CONCLUSION: S2 root is the most dominant contributor to rectal pressure in dogs. Stimulation of bilateral S2 with implanted electrodes contributes to good micturition and defecation in dogs.
文摘Some pelvic pain syndromes are very resistant to medical treatment. Several studies have demonstrated that sacral neuromodulation, which has been successfully used for the treatment of bladder dysfunction, incontinence, urinary retention and urinary frequency [1]-[3], can be successfully used for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain [4]-[7]. Several studies have also demonstrated significant involvement of dorsal column pathways in the transmission of visceral pelvic pain [8] and the successful use of spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain [9]. We report three cases of severe chronic pelvic pain that failed conservative treatment modalities. Placement of a combined sacral nerve roots stimulator and a low thoracic spinal cord stimulator resulted in a significant pain relief and improvement in daily life activities. We believe that this combination may help patients suffering from chronic pelvic pain resistant to medical management.
文摘目的:探讨骶神经磁刺激对脊髓损伤后逼尿肌无力型膀胱的影响。方法:采取随机分组的方法将36例脊髓损伤合并逼尿肌无力型膀胱患者分为试验组与对照组。两组患者均接受常规康复治疗,试验组对S3神经根进行重复功能性磁刺激(repetitive functional magnetic stimulation,r FMS)治疗。于治疗前、治疗4周后分别观察2组患者的简易膀胱容量测定、膀胱超声及焦虑自评量表等指标。结果:2组患者最大自排尿量、平均自排尿量、残余尿量、膀胱初感觉容量及焦虑自评评分与治疗前相比均有所改善,治疗后试验组的最大自排尿量、平均自排尿量均显著优于对照组,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:重复功能磁刺激作用于骶神经根对治疗脊髓损伤后逼尿肌无力型患者疗效明显优于常规治疗,疗法为临床上治疗逼尿肌无力型神经源性膀胱提供新思路。
文摘目的 探讨男性复杂肛门直肠畸形(anorectal malformations,ARMs)患儿直肠末端神经发育情况与患者脊髓/骶骨异常的关系,以期提高对ARMs中肠神经发育异常的相关认识。方法 回顾性收集我院2015-2021年收治符合纳排标准的男性复杂ARMs患儿的临床资料,在肛门成形术时取患者末端直肠标本,采用苏木精-伊红染色后显微镜下观察神经节发育情况并进行分组(G1组:有神经节细胞;G2组:无神经节细胞)。利用影像学技术评估患者脊髓及骶骨是否存在异常,并将其与直肠末端肠神经节发育情况进行相关性分析。结果 本研究共纳入患者139例,行肛门成形术时中位年龄为5.77(4.57,6.97)个月。G1组(80例,57.6%)与G2组(59例,42.4%)在ARMs病理类型、手术年龄的差异无统计学意义。经影像学证实出现脊髓异常(SCA)48例(34.5%),骶骨发育异常25例(18.0%),尾骨发育异常18例(12.9%)。G1组与G2组脊髓发育不良及骶骨发育异常发生率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在脊髓发育不良中,终丝脂肪变性、脊髓空洞的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。G1组、G2组正位及侧位SR值分别为(0.72±0.10 vs 0.67±0.12)、(0.77±0.09 vs 0.72±0.09),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将相关因素纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示骶骨发育异常、终丝脂肪变、脊髓空洞为男性复杂ARMs患儿直肠末端神经节缺失的独立预测因素。结论 男性复杂性ARMs直肠末端神经节发育情况与脊髓及骶骨发育异常密切相关。骶骨发育异常、终丝脂肪变、脊髓空洞为男性复杂ARMs患儿直肠末端神经节缺失的独立预测因素。
基金supported by the International Cooperation Projects of Jilin Province Science and Technology Commission,No.20100735
文摘Previous studies have shown that, anode block electrical stimulation of the sacral nerve root can produce physiological urination and reconstruct urinary bladder function in rabbits. However, whether long-term anode block electrical stimulation causes damage to the sacral nerve root re- mains unclear, and needs further investigation. In this study, a complete spinal cord injury model was established in New Zealand white rabbits through T9_10 segment transection. Rabbits were given continuous electrical stimulation for a short period and then chronic stimulation for a longer period. Results showed that compared with normal rabbits, the structure of nerve cells in the anterior sacral nerve roots was unchanged in spinal cord injury rabbits after electrical stimu- lation. There was no significant difference in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Experimental findings indicate that neurons in the rabbit sacral nerve roots tolerate electrical stimulation, even after long-term anode block electrical stimulation.
