The Sallen–Key filter(S–K)is widely used in nuclear pulse signal processing because of its simple working principle and good performance.Related research has only reviewed the recursive numerical model of digital S...The Sallen–Key filter(S–K)is widely used in nuclear pulse signal processing because of its simple working principle and good performance.Related research has only reviewed the recursive numerical model of digital S–K using idealized parameters.The use of digital S–K thus has limitations under these circumstances.This paper comprehensively deduces a recursive numerical model of digital S–K and discusses the effects of resistance and capacitance on the filter quality factor,cutoff frequency and amplitude–frequency response.The numerical recursive function,transfer function and amplitude–frequency response are analyzed using different parameters.From a comparative analysis of the shaper in a simulation and an actual nuclear signal,an optimal parameter selection principle is obtained.Using different forming parameters,the energy resolution and pulse counting rate of the 55Fe energy spectrum are compared and analyzed based on a Si-PIN detector.Capacitance has a stronger influence on the Gaussian shape,whereas the influence of resistance is stronger on the shaping amplitude.展开更多
The key problems of cold power spinning of Ti-15-3 alloy are studied. Reasonable billet preparation methods are presented to improve crystal structure and avoid crack of billet. Influences of original wall thickness,...The key problems of cold power spinning of Ti-15-3 alloy are studied. Reasonable billet preparation methods are presented to improve crystal structure and avoid crack of billet. Influences of original wall thickness, reduction rate and feed rate on expanding in diameter are analyzed and some methods to prevent expanding in diameter are given.展开更多
2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-1,4-benzodioxane-6-aldehyde 8,the key intermediate of sinaiticin 10,was synthesized in 6 step from caffeic acid 4 and 4- hydroxybenzsaldehyde 1.the coupling reaction is the key step.
Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,a...Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,according to recent estimated research.In Afghanistan,vitamin A supplementation is a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young children.Children receive vitamin A supplements as part of National Immunization Days(NID)campaigns.Methods:In this case study,the data was collected from June 15/2015 to February 23/2016,and the final report of the Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey(AfDHS)2015 was released on February 15/2017.All 27,209 children aged 6-59 months who are living with their mothers were included in this study.Who consumed foods rich in vitamin A was not included in this study.Results:The percentages who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months among all children 6-59 months aged.A total of 1,572 children aged among 6-8 months were given vitamin A supplements 670(42.6%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(2.46%).A total of 1,148 children aged among 9-11 months were given vitamin A supplements to 465(40.5%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(1.70%).Conclusion:After following up on more studies,we found that vitamin A deficiency is a public problem,thus it is better to use wheat flour fortification,vitamin A capsule(VAC)supplementation,nutrition education,source of vitamin A,and training of primary healthcare workers on the clinical to prevent and treat the vitamin A deficiency among children.Therefore,we aimed to determine the given vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in 33 provinces in Afghanistan,in 2015.展开更多
Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate...Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate that sea ice extent reduction during 1979-2013 is most significant in summer, following by that in autumn, winter and spring. In years with rich sea ice, sea ice extent anomaly with seasonal cycle removed changes with a period of 4-6 years. The year of 2003-2006 is the ice-rich period with diverse regional difference in this century. In years with poor sea ice, sea ice margin retreats further north in the Arctic. Sea ice in the Fram Strait changes in an opposite way to that in the entire Arctic. Sea ice coverage index in melting-freezing period is an critical indicator for sea ice changes, which shows an coincident change in the Arctic and sub regions. Since 2002, Region C2 in north of the Pacific sector contributes most to sea ice changes in the central Aarctic, followed by C1 and C3. Sea ice changes in different regions show three relationships. The correlation coefficient between sea ice coverage index of the Chukchi Sea and that of the East Siberian Sea is high, suggesting good consistency of ice variation. In the Atlantic sector, sea ice changes are coincided with each other between the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea as a result of warm inflow into the Kara Sea from the Barents Sea. Sea ice changes in the central Arctic are affected by surrounding seas.展开更多
An informative, structured abstract of no more than 250 words should accompany each manuscript. Abstracts for original contributions should be structured into the following sections： AIM： Only the purpose should be ...An informative, structured abstract of no more than 250 words should accompany each manuscript. Abstracts for original contributions should be structured into the following sections： AIM： Only the purpose should be included. METHODS： The materials, techniques, instruments and equipments, and the experimental procedures should be included. RESULTS： The observatory and experimental results, including data, effects, outcome, etc. should be included. Authors should present P value where necessary, and the significant data should accompany. CONCLUSION： Accurate view and the value of the results should be included. The format of structured abstracts is at： http：//www.wjgnet.com/wjg/help/11 .doc展开更多
An abstract not more than results and conclusion, should stracting journals, so it should 150 words, adequate as an index and summary, and including the aim, methods, appear at the beginning of the paper. The abstract...An abstract not more than results and conclusion, should stracting journals, so it should 150 words, adequate as an index and summary, and including the aim, methods, appear at the beginning of the paper. The abstract may be used in toto by the ab be self contained.展开更多
In production environment today, ＂silo think- ing＂ is a challenge where controlling an asset associated with several disciplines and departments can lead to a sub- optimal result. This requires a more integrated app...In production environment today, ＂silo think- ing＂ is a challenge where controlling an asset associated with several disciplines and departments can lead to a sub- optimal result. This requires a more integrated approach with an integrated planning （IPL） framework. In this framework novel maintenance key performance indicators （KPIs） are needed. The purpose of this article is to develop the novel maintenance KPI profit loss indicator （PLI）. This indicator is based on measuring both on the ＂hidden fac- tory＂ and waste in production, presenting it as a financial measure. The notion ＂hidden factory＂ is used as a meta- phor for measuring the time losses in industry through the maintenance KPI overall equipment effectiveness （OEE）. This indicator divides the time losses into availability losses, performance losses and quality losses. In addition, a financial measure for waste based on literature from Toyota production system （TPS） and waste treatment and disposal is also included in PLI. Through a case study in the saw mill industry PLI is demonstrated and evaluated. It is expected that this indicator will be demonstrated in several industry branches in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11665001 and 41864007)China Scholarship Council(No.201708360170)One Hundred People Sail in Jiangxi Province,Foundation of Key Laboratory for Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology(No.RGET1309)
文摘The Sallen–Key filter(S–K)is widely used in nuclear pulse signal processing because of its simple working principle and good performance.Related research has only reviewed the recursive numerical model of digital S–K using idealized parameters.The use of digital S–K thus has limitations under these circumstances.This paper comprehensively deduces a recursive numerical model of digital S–K and discusses the effects of resistance and capacitance on the filter quality factor,cutoff frequency and amplitude–frequency response.The numerical recursive function,transfer function and amplitude–frequency response are analyzed using different parameters.From a comparative analysis of the shaper in a simulation and an actual nuclear signal,an optimal parameter selection principle is obtained.Using different forming parameters,the energy resolution and pulse counting rate of the 55Fe energy spectrum are compared and analyzed based on a Si-PIN detector.Capacitance has a stronger influence on the Gaussian shape,whereas the influence of resistance is stronger on the shaping amplitude.
文摘The key problems of cold power spinning of Ti-15-3 alloy are studied. Reasonable billet preparation methods are presented to improve crystal structure and avoid crack of billet. Influences of original wall thickness, reduction rate and feed rate on expanding in diameter are analyzed and some methods to prevent expanding in diameter are given.
文摘2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-1,4-benzodioxane-6-aldehyde 8,the key intermediate of sinaiticin 10,was synthesized in 6 step from caffeic acid 4 and 4- hydroxybenzsaldehyde 1.the coupling reaction is the key step.
文摘Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,according to recent estimated research.In Afghanistan,vitamin A supplementation is a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young children.Children receive vitamin A supplements as part of National Immunization Days(NID)campaigns.Methods:In this case study,the data was collected from June 15/2015 to February 23/2016,and the final report of the Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey(AfDHS)2015 was released on February 15/2017.All 27,209 children aged 6-59 months who are living with their mothers were included in this study.Who consumed foods rich in vitamin A was not included in this study.Results:The percentages who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months among all children 6-59 months aged.A total of 1,572 children aged among 6-8 months were given vitamin A supplements 670(42.6%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(2.46%).A total of 1,148 children aged among 9-11 months were given vitamin A supplements to 465(40.5%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(1.70%).Conclusion:After following up on more studies,we found that vitamin A deficiency is a public problem,thus it is better to use wheat flour fortification,vitamin A capsule(VAC)supplementation,nutrition education,source of vitamin A,and training of primary healthcare workers on the clinical to prevent and treat the vitamin A deficiency among children.Therefore,we aimed to determine the given vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in 33 provinces in Afghanistan,in 2015.
基金The National Basic Research Program of China under contract No.2015CB953900the Key Project of Chinese Natural Science Foundation under contract No.41330960the Polar Science Strategic Research Foundation of China under contract No.20120102
文摘Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate that sea ice extent reduction during 1979-2013 is most significant in summer, following by that in autumn, winter and spring. In years with rich sea ice, sea ice extent anomaly with seasonal cycle removed changes with a period of 4-6 years. The year of 2003-2006 is the ice-rich period with diverse regional difference in this century. In years with poor sea ice, sea ice margin retreats further north in the Arctic. Sea ice in the Fram Strait changes in an opposite way to that in the entire Arctic. Sea ice coverage index in melting-freezing period is an critical indicator for sea ice changes, which shows an coincident change in the Arctic and sub regions. Since 2002, Region C2 in north of the Pacific sector contributes most to sea ice changes in the central Aarctic, followed by C1 and C3. Sea ice changes in different regions show three relationships. The correlation coefficient between sea ice coverage index of the Chukchi Sea and that of the East Siberian Sea is high, suggesting good consistency of ice variation. In the Atlantic sector, sea ice changes are coincided with each other between the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea as a result of warm inflow into the Kara Sea from the Barents Sea. Sea ice changes in the central Arctic are affected by surrounding seas.
文摘An informative, structured abstract of no more than 250 words should accompany each manuscript. Abstracts for original contributions should be structured into the following sections： AIM： Only the purpose should be included. METHODS： The materials, techniques, instruments and equipments, and the experimental procedures should be included. RESULTS： The observatory and experimental results, including data, effects, outcome, etc. should be included. Authors should present P value where necessary, and the significant data should accompany. CONCLUSION： Accurate view and the value of the results should be included. The format of structured abstracts is at： http：//www.wjgnet.com/wjg/help/11 .doc
文摘An abstract not more than results and conclusion, should stracting journals, so it should 150 words, adequate as an index and summary, and including the aim, methods, appear at the beginning of the paper. The abstract may be used in toto by the ab be self contained.
基金petroleum industry(IO Center)for funding this researchthe support and important input from the Chief Engineer Frode Edvardsen in this company in order to perform the PLI calculations
文摘In production environment today, ＂silo think- ing＂ is a challenge where controlling an asset associated with several disciplines and departments can lead to a sub- optimal result. This requires a more integrated approach with an integrated planning （IPL） framework. In this framework novel maintenance key performance indicators （KPIs） are needed. The purpose of this article is to develop the novel maintenance KPI profit loss indicator （PLI）. This indicator is based on measuring both on the ＂hidden fac- tory＂ and waste in production, presenting it as a financial measure. The notion ＂hidden factory＂ is used as a meta- phor for measuring the time losses in industry through the maintenance KPI overall equipment effectiveness （OEE）. This indicator divides the time losses into availability losses, performance losses and quality losses. In addition, a financial measure for waste based on literature from Toyota production system （TPS） and waste treatment and disposal is also included in PLI. Through a case study in the saw mill industry PLI is demonstrated and evaluated. It is expected that this indicator will be demonstrated in several industry branches in the future.
