Drinking water scarcity is an ever-increasing global concern. This issue appears as a greater threat to the countries with no access to sea water resources or rivers, since their potential water resources are only lim...Drinking water scarcity is an ever-increasing global concern. This issue appears as a greater threat to the countries with no access to sea water resources or rivers, since their potential water resources are only limited to ground waters only. There are serious concerns with the treatment of ground water resources, including landfill leachates, agricultural contaminations(pesticides,herbicides, and fertilizers), and rural contaminations. Membrane separation has been proved to be the governing technology in water and wastewater treatment plants, as these methods are responsible for more than half of the market share of the world's desalination capacity. This study intends to offer a holistic view of the groundwater contamination with specific focus on Saskatchewan province in Canada, and the recent efforts in the groundwater treatment using thin film composite membrane technology. This study begins with an introduction of the general aspects of ground water and membrane separation, polluting agents, and their sources.It is followed by a discussion of Saskatchewan's groundwater status and various issues.Furthermore, the recent research that became available since 2010 is reviewed in details and the results are summarized with respect to purification efficiency. Different affecting parameters in a groundwater-thin film composite system are synthesized and an in-depth overview is presented.展开更多
Diet remains a key factor that significantly influences the outcomes of the disease. There are some factors that place one at a higher risk of morbidity from the disease, with the common ones being elderly age and coe...Diet remains a key factor that significantly influences the outcomes of the disease. There are some factors that place one at a higher risk of morbidity from the disease, with the common ones being elderly age and coexistent comorbidities. The dietary consumption of the patient is vital since some Western Diets that are largely refined predispose one to cardio-metabolic diseases. In addition to that, the consumption of such diets largely influences the immunity of the individual, whereby it reduces the disease-fighting capability of the immune system. The health education on the patient with the condition has largely widened to encompass the healthy eating habits that one should emulate to reduce the disease severity. Further, in an attempt to promote the awareness of the importance of healthy eating, Eat Well Saskatchewan (EWS) has formulated some social media outreach to ensure that the importance of healthy eating reaches a larger population.展开更多
Iron is an indispensable micronutrient for plant growth and development. Limited bioavailability of Fe in the soil leads to iron deficiency chlorosis in plants and yield loss. In this study, two soybean basic helix-lo...Iron is an indispensable micronutrient for plant growth and development. Limited bioavailability of Fe in the soil leads to iron deficiency chlorosis in plants and yield loss. In this study, two soybean basic helix-loop- helix transcription factors, GmbHLH57 and GmbHLH300, were identified in response to Fe-deficiency. Both transcription factors are expressed in roots and nodules, and are induced by Fe deficiency; these patterns were confirmed in transgenic hairy roots expressing constructs of the endogenous promoters fused to a GUS reporter gene. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation, yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation （co-IP） assays indicated a physical interaction between GmbHLH57 and GmbHLH300. Studies on transgenic soybeansoverexpressing GmbHLH57 that overexpression of each results in no change of the and GmbHLH300revealed transcription factor, alone, responses to Fe deficiency, whereas overexpression of both transcription factors upregulated the downstream Fe uptake genes and increased the Fe content in these transgenic plants. Compared to wild type, these double overexpression transgenic plants were more tolerant to Fe deficiency. Taken together, our findings establish that GmbHLH57 and GmbHLH300 are important transcription factors involved in Fe homeostasis in soybean.展开更多
A potential mechanism to enhance utilization of sparingly soluble forms of phosphorus （P） is the root secretion of malate, which is mainly mediated by the ALMT gene family in plants. In this study, a total of 34 GmA...A potential mechanism to enhance utilization of sparingly soluble forms of phosphorus （P） is the root secretion of malate, which is mainly mediated by the ALMT gene family in plants. In this study, a total of 34 GmALMT genes were identified in the soybean genome. Expression patterns diverged considerably among GmALMTs in response to phosphate （Pi） starvation in leaves, roots and flowers, with expression altered by P availability in 26 of the ：34 GmALMTs. One root-specific GmALMT whose expression was significantly enhanced by Pi-starvation, GmALMTS, was studied in more detail to determine its possible role in soybean P nutrition. Analysis of GmALMT5 tissue expression patterns, subcellular localization, and malate exudation from transgenic soybean hairy rootsoverexpressing GmALMT5, demonstrated that GmALMT5 is a plasma membrane protein that mediates malate efflux from roots. Furthermore, both growth and P content of transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing GmALMT5 were significantly increased when sparingly soluble Ca-P was used as the external P source. Taken together, these results indicate that members of the soybean GmALMT gene family exhibit diverse responses to Pi starvation. One member of this family, GmALMT5, might contribute to soybean P efficiency by enhancing utilization of sparingly soluble P sources under P limited conditions.展开更多
基金the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of Saskatchewan for the support provided
文摘Drinking water scarcity is an ever-increasing global concern. This issue appears as a greater threat to the countries with no access to sea water resources or rivers, since their potential water resources are only limited to ground waters only. There are serious concerns with the treatment of ground water resources, including landfill leachates, agricultural contaminations(pesticides,herbicides, and fertilizers), and rural contaminations. Membrane separation has been proved to be the governing technology in water and wastewater treatment plants, as these methods are responsible for more than half of the market share of the world's desalination capacity. This study intends to offer a holistic view of the groundwater contamination with specific focus on Saskatchewan province in Canada, and the recent efforts in the groundwater treatment using thin film composite membrane technology. This study begins with an introduction of the general aspects of ground water and membrane separation, polluting agents, and their sources.It is followed by a discussion of Saskatchewan's groundwater status and various issues.Furthermore, the recent research that became available since 2010 is reviewed in details and the results are summarized with respect to purification efficiency. Different affecting parameters in a groundwater-thin film composite system are synthesized and an in-depth overview is presented.
文摘Diet remains a key factor that significantly influences the outcomes of the disease. There are some factors that place one at a higher risk of morbidity from the disease, with the common ones being elderly age and coexistent comorbidities. The dietary consumption of the patient is vital since some Western Diets that are largely refined predispose one to cardio-metabolic diseases. In addition to that, the consumption of such diets largely influences the immunity of the individual, whereby it reduces the disease-fighting capability of the immune system. The health education on the patient with the condition has largely widened to encompass the healthy eating habits that one should emulate to reduce the disease severity. Further, in an attempt to promote the awareness of the importance of healthy eating, Eat Well Saskatchewan (EWS) has formulated some social media outreach to ensure that the importance of healthy eating reaches a larger population.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFD0100703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31572189, 31771689)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LZ16C 150001 and LY17C130002)the Ministry of Education (B14027)
文摘Iron is an indispensable micronutrient for plant growth and development. Limited bioavailability of Fe in the soil leads to iron deficiency chlorosis in plants and yield loss. In this study, two soybean basic helix-loop- helix transcription factors, GmbHLH57 and GmbHLH300, were identified in response to Fe-deficiency. Both transcription factors are expressed in roots and nodules, and are induced by Fe deficiency; these patterns were confirmed in transgenic hairy roots expressing constructs of the endogenous promoters fused to a GUS reporter gene. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation, yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation （co-IP） assays indicated a physical interaction between GmbHLH57 and GmbHLH300. Studies on transgenic soybeansoverexpressing GmbHLH57 that overexpression of each results in no change of the and GmbHLH300revealed transcription factor, alone, responses to Fe deficiency, whereas overexpression of both transcription factors upregulated the downstream Fe uptake genes and increased the Fe content in these transgenic plants. Compared to wild type, these double overexpression transgenic plants were more tolerant to Fe deficiency. Taken together, our findings establish that GmbHLH57 and GmbHLH300 are important transcription factors involved in Fe homeostasis in soybean.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31672220, 31422046 and U1301212) the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFD0100700)+2 种基金the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars (2015A030306034)the Guangdong High-level Personnel of Special Support Program (2015TQ01N078 and 2015TX01N042) the Research Team Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2016A030312009). D D F
文摘A potential mechanism to enhance utilization of sparingly soluble forms of phosphorus （P） is the root secretion of malate, which is mainly mediated by the ALMT gene family in plants. In this study, a total of 34 GmALMT genes were identified in the soybean genome. Expression patterns diverged considerably among GmALMTs in response to phosphate （Pi） starvation in leaves, roots and flowers, with expression altered by P availability in 26 of the ：34 GmALMTs. One root-specific GmALMT whose expression was significantly enhanced by Pi-starvation, GmALMTS, was studied in more detail to determine its possible role in soybean P nutrition. Analysis of GmALMT5 tissue expression patterns, subcellular localization, and malate exudation from transgenic soybean hairy rootsoverexpressing GmALMT5, demonstrated that GmALMT5 is a plasma membrane protein that mediates malate efflux from roots. Furthermore, both growth and P content of transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing GmALMT5 were significantly increased when sparingly soluble Ca-P was used as the external P source. Taken together, these results indicate that members of the soybean GmALMT gene family exhibit diverse responses to Pi starvation. One member of this family, GmALMT5, might contribute to soybean P efficiency by enhancing utilization of sparingly soluble P sources under P limited conditions.
