The present work explores the application of microwave heating for the melting of powdered tin. The mor- phology and particle size of powdered tin prepared by the centrifugal atomization method were charac- terized. T...The present work explores the application of microwave heating for the melting of powdered tin. The mor- phology and particle size of powdered tin prepared by the centrifugal atomization method were charac- terized. The tin particles were uniform and spherical in shape, with 90% of the particles in the size range of 38-75μm. The microwave absorption characteristic of the tin powder was assessed by an estimation of the dielectric properties. Microwave penetration was found to have good volumetric heating on powdered tin. Conduction losses were the main loss mechanisms for powdered tin by microwave heating at temperatures above 150 ℃. A 20 kW commercial-scale microwave tin-melting unit was designed, developed, and utilized for production. This unit achieved a heating rate that was at least 10 times higher than those of conventional methods, as well as a far shorter melting duration. The results suggest that microwave heating accelerates the heating rate and shortens the melting time. Tin recovery rate was 97.79%, with a slag ratio of only 1.65% and other losses accounting for less than 0.56%. The unit energy consumption was only 0.17 （kW·h）·kg-1- far lower than the energy required by conventional melting methods. Thus, the microwave melting process improved heating efficiency and reduced energy consumption.展开更多
Millimeter range signals have been widely used in biology and medicine over the 20-30 years of the last century.At this time in Ukraine have been developed and implemented treatment technologies,the main ones are mill...Millimeter range signals have been widely used in biology and medicine over the 20-30 years of the last century.At this time in Ukraine have been developed and implemented treatment technologies,the main ones are millimeter therapy(MMT),microwave resonance therapy(MRT),information-wave therapy(IWT).The features of this technologies are the use of signals in the frequency band 40-78 GHz with extremely low signal levels-10-9-10-11 W/cm2,the parameters are immanent to own communication signals of the human body.The author of the article attempts to conduct a combined analysis of hardware and software of these treatment technologies with mm-band signals.Thus the specialized equipment used for the treatment,technologies and the statistical results of its use for various diseases are considered.The problems of metrological support and measuring the weak signals of the mm range are proposed to solve by creating highly sensitive radiometric systems.The results of measurements of microwave signals of natural objects that can be used for physiotherapy and physical bodies that are in contact with or in human environment are submitted.Promising areas of the using the highly sensitive radiometric measurement equipment for research in biology and medicine are presented.展开更多
A new method to measure the conductivity of conducting thin films in a contactle s s fashion was demonstrated. A microwave compact equipment working at 94 GHz was used to measure the amplitude of the reflection coeffi...A new method to measure the conductivity of conducting thin films in a contactle s s fashion was demonstrated. A microwave compact equipment working at 94 GHz was used to measure the amplitude of the reflection coefficient of the microwave sig na l. Indium Tin Oxide films having conductivity of 8.20×10 4～8.02×10 5 S/m on the glass substrates were used as the samples. An evaluation equation was bui lt to determine the conductivity from the measured amplitude of the reflection c oefficient. The evaluated conductivity of conducting thin films agrees well with their actual value.展开更多
文摘The present work explores the application of microwave heating for the melting of powdered tin. The mor- phology and particle size of powdered tin prepared by the centrifugal atomization method were charac- terized. The tin particles were uniform and spherical in shape, with 90% of the particles in the size range of 38-75μm. The microwave absorption characteristic of the tin powder was assessed by an estimation of the dielectric properties. Microwave penetration was found to have good volumetric heating on powdered tin. Conduction losses were the main loss mechanisms for powdered tin by microwave heating at temperatures above 150 ℃. A 20 kW commercial-scale microwave tin-melting unit was designed, developed, and utilized for production. This unit achieved a heating rate that was at least 10 times higher than those of conventional methods, as well as a far shorter melting duration. The results suggest that microwave heating accelerates the heating rate and shortens the melting time. Tin recovery rate was 97.79%, with a slag ratio of only 1.65% and other losses accounting for less than 0.56%. The unit energy consumption was only 0.17 （kW·h）·kg-1- far lower than the energy required by conventional melting methods. Thus, the microwave melting process improved heating efficiency and reduced energy consumption.
文摘Millimeter range signals have been widely used in biology and medicine over the 20-30 years of the last century.At this time in Ukraine have been developed and implemented treatment technologies,the main ones are millimeter therapy(MMT),microwave resonance therapy(MRT),information-wave therapy(IWT).The features of this technologies are the use of signals in the frequency band 40-78 GHz with extremely low signal levels-10-9-10-11 W/cm2,the parameters are immanent to own communication signals of the human body.The author of the article attempts to conduct a combined analysis of hardware and software of these treatment technologies with mm-band signals.Thus the specialized equipment used for the treatment,technologies and the statistical results of its use for various diseases are considered.The problems of metrological support and measuring the weak signals of the mm range are proposed to solve by creating highly sensitive radiometric systems.The results of measurements of microwave signals of natural objects that can be used for physiotherapy and physical bodies that are in contact with or in human environment are submitted.Promising areas of the using the highly sensitive radiometric measurement equipment for research in biology and medicine are presented.
文摘A new method to measure the conductivity of conducting thin films in a contactle s s fashion was demonstrated. A microwave compact equipment working at 94 GHz was used to measure the amplitude of the reflection coefficient of the microwave sig na l. Indium Tin Oxide films having conductivity of 8.20×10 4～8.02×10 5 S/m on the glass substrates were used as the samples. An evaluation equation was bui lt to determine the conductivity from the measured amplitude of the reflection c oefficient. The evaluated conductivity of conducting thin films agrees well with their actual value.
