Pollen morphology of eight species of Saxifraga, i.e.S, cespitosa, S. oppositifolia, S. cernua, S. nivalis, S. aizoides, S. rivularis, S. hieraciifolia, and S. hirculus, collected from Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Arctic was...Pollen morphology of eight species of Saxifraga, i.e.S, cespitosa, S. oppositifolia, S. cernua, S. nivalis, S. aizoides, S. rivularis, S. hieraciifolia, and S. hirculus, collected from Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Arctic was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains of Saxifraga species are subprolate or prolate, 3-colpate, 15.4-44.4 μm in the polar axis, 11.4 34.6 μm in the equatorial axis, and show a P/E ratio 1.19-1.40. On the basis of exine ornamentation, four pollen types, viz., the S. oppositifolia type （striate without scabrae on the muff）, S. cernua type （striate with scabrae on the muri）, S. nivalis type （microreticulate and operculum absent）, and S. cespitosa type （microechinate and operculum present）, were recognized. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the pollen morphological characters indicated that pollen morphology supports the infrageneric classification of the genus Saxifraga.展开更多
虎耳草属(Saxifraga Tourn. ex L.)资源丰富且分布广泛,全球有440~500个种,其分类一直受到植物学家的关注。该属具有重要的观赏和药用价值,欧洲多国非常重视其观赏资源的开发利用。虎耳草属的品种培育距今已有150多年的历史,到2022年国...虎耳草属(Saxifraga Tourn. ex L.)资源丰富且分布广泛,全球有440~500个种,其分类一直受到植物学家的关注。该属具有重要的观赏和药用价值,欧洲多国非常重视其观赏资源的开发利用。虎耳草属的品种培育距今已有150多年的历史,到2022年国际虎耳草协会(The Saxifrage Society)网站收录了1 692个品种,但只有1个品种来自中国。可见,我国虽然是虎耳草属的多样性中心之一,但对其观赏资源的开发利用远远落后于欧美甚至日本。该文从虎耳草属的种质资源、分类概况、育种进展等方面进行综述,并简要介绍该属资源的利用现状,为今后我国虎耳草属的分类、育种及应用提供借鉴。结果表明:(1)虎耳草种质资源丰富,但属下系统演化关系仍存在诸多问题,有待整合形态和系统发育学手段开展系统而深入的研究。(2)该属品种主要通过杂交育种和变异筛选的方式育成,英国、捷克共和国、德国、荷兰为培育品种最多的国家。(3)我国对该属的品种选育工作起步晚,育成品种少且育种方式单一。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.41271222)Main Direction Program of Knowledge Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant no.KSCX2-EW-J-1)+3 种基金Projects of the CAA,SOA(Grant nos.2012YR06006 and13/14YR05)SKLSEB-IBCAS(Grant no.56176G1048)Chinese Academy of Sciences Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists(Grant no.90004F1005)Visiting Scholarship funded by the China Scholarship Council(Grant no.201204910043)
文摘Pollen morphology of eight species of Saxifraga, i.e.S, cespitosa, S. oppositifolia, S. cernua, S. nivalis, S. aizoides, S. rivularis, S. hieraciifolia, and S. hirculus, collected from Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Arctic was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains of Saxifraga species are subprolate or prolate, 3-colpate, 15.4-44.4 μm in the polar axis, 11.4 34.6 μm in the equatorial axis, and show a P/E ratio 1.19-1.40. On the basis of exine ornamentation, four pollen types, viz., the S. oppositifolia type （striate without scabrae on the muff）, S. cernua type （striate with scabrae on the muri）, S. nivalis type （microreticulate and operculum absent）, and S. cespitosa type （microechinate and operculum present）, were recognized. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the pollen morphological characters indicated that pollen morphology supports the infrageneric classification of the genus Saxifraga.
