The development of excessive and persistent drinking under intermittent food-reinforcement schedules, known Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP), has been proposed as a successful animal model to study compulsive behavio...The development of excessive and persistent drinking under intermittent food-reinforcement schedules, known Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP), has been proposed as a successful animal model to study compulsive behaviors. On the last decade, we have been working in our laboratory on the stratification of the compulsive rats on SIP in order to know whether differences in the acquisition of compulsive drinking behavior could predict alterations in other behavioral measures as well as in the neurochemical function typically associated with compulsive spectrum disorders. The aim of this review is to collate the main findings relevant to the characterization and use of the high compulsive drinking rats (HD) in SIP as a possible compulsive endophenotype. The review of the genetic, behavioral and neurochemical differences found in the selection allows us to conclude that HD rats could be a valid model for studying the compulsive phenotype and modelling psychopathology common to a variety of compulsivity spectrum disorders such as obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia and alcohol abuse.展开更多
The prevalence of polydipsia among patients with schizophrenia is 6%-20%. Around 10%-20% of patients with polydipsia may develop hyponatremia and even complicated with rhabdomyolysis. Here we presented a 40-year-old m...The prevalence of polydipsia among patients with schizophrenia is 6%-20%. Around 10%-20% of patients with polydipsia may develop hyponatremia and even complicated with rhabdomyolysis. Here we presented a 40-year-old man with schizophrenia, who had received paliperidone 15 mg/d for more than one year, and polydipsia was noted. In Jan, 2014, he developed hyponatremia(Na 113 m Eq/L) with consciousness disturbance. After 3% Na Cl(500 cc/d) intravenous supplement for three days, the hyponatremia was corrected, but rhabdomyolysis developed with a substantial elevation in the level of creatine kinase(CK) to 30505 U/L. After hydration, the CK level gradually decreased to 212 U/L. Both the hyponatremia itself and quick supplementation of Na Cl can cause rhabdomyolysis. If rhabdomyolysis is not recognized, insufficient hydration or water restriction for polydipsiamay further exacerbate the rhabdomyolysis with a lethal risk. In this case, we highlight the possible complication of rhabdomyolysis with polydipsia-induced hyponatremia. In addition to monitoring the serum sodium level, the monitoring of CK is also important; and switching of antipsychotic may improve the polydipsia.展开更多
Healthy people are usually capable of handling a large variability of water and sodium intake efficiently by adjusting urinary volume up to 50-fold and osmolality up to 35-fold without notable changes of blood pressu...Healthy people are usually capable of handling a large variability of water and sodium intake efficiently by adjusting urinary volume up to 50-fold and osmolality up to 35-fold without notable changes of blood pressure （BP）.展开更多
BACKGROUND Benzylamine(Bza)oral administration delays the onset of hyperglycemia in insulin-resistant db-/-mice;a genetic model of obesity and type 2 diabetes.AIM To extend the antihyperglycemic properties of oral ben...BACKGROUND Benzylamine(Bza)oral administration delays the onset of hyperglycemia in insulin-resistant db-/-mice;a genetic model of obesity and type 2 diabetes.AIM To extend the antihyperglycemic properties of oral benzylamine to a model of insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes.METHODS Male Swiss mice were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin treatment(STZ)and divided in two groups:one received 0.5%Bza as drinking solution for 24 d(STZ Bza-drinking)while the other was drinking water ad libitum.Similar groups were constituted in age-matched,nondiabetic mice.Food intake,liquid intake,body weight gain and nonfasting blood glucose levels were followed during treatment.At the end of treatment,fasted glycemia,liver and white adipose tissue(WAT)mass were measured,while glucose uptake assays were performed in adipocytes.RESULTS STZ diabetic mice presented typical features of insulin-deficient diabetes:reduced body mass and increased blood glucose levels.These altered parameters were not normalized in the Bza-drinking group in spite of restored food and water intake.Bza consumption could not reverse the severe fat depot atrophy of STZ diabetic mice.In the nondiabetic mice,no difference was found between control and Bza-drinking mice for any parameter.In isolated adipocytes,hexose uptake was partially activated by 0.1 mmol/L Bza in a manner that was obliterated in vitro by the amine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine and that remained unchanged after Bza supplementation.Oxidation of 0.1 mmol/L Bza in WAT was lower in STZ diabetic than in normoglycemic mice.CONCLUSION Bza supplementation could not normalize the altered glucose handling of STZ diabetic mice with severe WAT atrophy.Consequently,its antidiabetic potential in obese and diabetic rodents does not apply to lipoatrophic type 1 diabetic mice.展开更多
We report a case of severe hyponatremia related to duloxetine and ziprasidone. A 50-year-old woman on duloxetine and ziprasidone treatment for major depressive disorder developed polydipsia, polyuria, and two episodes...We report a case of severe hyponatremia related to duloxetine and ziprasidone. A 50-year-old woman on duloxetine and ziprasidone treatment for major depressive disorder developed polydipsia, polyuria, and two episodes of seizures, followed by admission to the emergency department on the 10th day of treatment. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated creatine kinase （CK） as well as hyponatremia, hypo-osmolality, and increased urine sodium. Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone （SIADH） was considered, although urine osmolality was not measured. Duloxetine and ziprasidone were discontinued and the CK gradually normalized after correction of hyponatremia. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of antipsychotic-induced hyponatremia, particularly in patients with symptoms of polydipsia.展开更多
基金funded by a grant from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad,Spanish Government(PSI2012-31660).
文摘The development of excessive and persistent drinking under intermittent food-reinforcement schedules, known Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP), has been proposed as a successful animal model to study compulsive behaviors. On the last decade, we have been working in our laboratory on the stratification of the compulsive rats on SIP in order to know whether differences in the acquisition of compulsive drinking behavior could predict alterations in other behavioral measures as well as in the neurochemical function typically associated with compulsive spectrum disorders. The aim of this review is to collate the main findings relevant to the characterization and use of the high compulsive drinking rats (HD) in SIP as a possible compulsive endophenotype. The review of the genetic, behavioral and neurochemical differences found in the selection allows us to conclude that HD rats could be a valid model for studying the compulsive phenotype and modelling psychopathology common to a variety of compulsivity spectrum disorders such as obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia and alcohol abuse.
基金Supported by Department of Psychiatry,Taipei Veterans General Hospital,Taipei,Taiwan
文摘The prevalence of polydipsia among patients with schizophrenia is 6%-20%. Around 10%-20% of patients with polydipsia may develop hyponatremia and even complicated with rhabdomyolysis. Here we presented a 40-year-old man with schizophrenia, who had received paliperidone 15 mg/d for more than one year, and polydipsia was noted. In Jan, 2014, he developed hyponatremia(Na 113 m Eq/L) with consciousness disturbance. After 3% Na Cl(500 cc/d) intravenous supplement for three days, the hyponatremia was corrected, but rhabdomyolysis developed with a substantial elevation in the level of creatine kinase(CK) to 30505 U/L. After hydration, the CK level gradually decreased to 212 U/L. Both the hyponatremia itself and quick supplementation of Na Cl can cause rhabdomyolysis. If rhabdomyolysis is not recognized, insufficient hydration or water restriction for polydipsiamay further exacerbate the rhabdomyolysis with a lethal risk. In this case, we highlight the possible complication of rhabdomyolysis with polydipsia-induced hyponatremia. In addition to monitoring the serum sodium level, the monitoring of CK is also important; and switching of antipsychotic may improve the polydipsia.
文摘Healthy people are usually capable of handling a large variability of water and sodium intake efficiently by adjusting urinary volume up to 50-fold and osmolality up to 35-fold without notable changes of blood pressure （BP）.
文摘BACKGROUND Benzylamine(Bza)oral administration delays the onset of hyperglycemia in insulin-resistant db-/-mice;a genetic model of obesity and type 2 diabetes.AIM To extend the antihyperglycemic properties of oral benzylamine to a model of insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes.METHODS Male Swiss mice were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin treatment(STZ)and divided in two groups:one received 0.5%Bza as drinking solution for 24 d(STZ Bza-drinking)while the other was drinking water ad libitum.Similar groups were constituted in age-matched,nondiabetic mice.Food intake,liquid intake,body weight gain and nonfasting blood glucose levels were followed during treatment.At the end of treatment,fasted glycemia,liver and white adipose tissue(WAT)mass were measured,while glucose uptake assays were performed in adipocytes.RESULTS STZ diabetic mice presented typical features of insulin-deficient diabetes:reduced body mass and increased blood glucose levels.These altered parameters were not normalized in the Bza-drinking group in spite of restored food and water intake.Bza consumption could not reverse the severe fat depot atrophy of STZ diabetic mice.In the nondiabetic mice,no difference was found between control and Bza-drinking mice for any parameter.In isolated adipocytes,hexose uptake was partially activated by 0.1 mmol/L Bza in a manner that was obliterated in vitro by the amine oxidase inhibitor phenelzine and that remained unchanged after Bza supplementation.Oxidation of 0.1 mmol/L Bza in WAT was lower in STZ diabetic than in normoglycemic mice.CONCLUSION Bza supplementation could not normalize the altered glucose handling of STZ diabetic mice with severe WAT atrophy.Consequently,its antidiabetic potential in obese and diabetic rodents does not apply to lipoatrophic type 1 diabetic mice.
文摘We report a case of severe hyponatremia related to duloxetine and ziprasidone. A 50-year-old woman on duloxetine and ziprasidone treatment for major depressive disorder developed polydipsia, polyuria, and two episodes of seizures, followed by admission to the emergency department on the 10th day of treatment. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated creatine kinase （CK） as well as hyponatremia, hypo-osmolality, and increased urine sodium. Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone （SIADH） was considered, although urine osmolality was not measured. Duloxetine and ziprasidone were discontinued and the CK gradually normalized after correction of hyponatremia. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of antipsychotic-induced hyponatremia, particularly in patients with symptoms of polydipsia.
