The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.), and to analyze the correlation between body weight(BW) ...The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.), and to analyze the correlation between body weight(BW) and body length(BL). There were 536 individuals from 25 full- and half-sib families involved in this study. During the entire 90-day period, which was initiated at 233 dph(day old) and ended at 323 dph, the individuals' BW and BL were weighed consecutively six times every 18 days. The heritability of BW and BL and the correlation between these two traits were estimated based on an individual animal model with the derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood(DFREML) method. These results showed that the specific growth rates(SGR) of 25 families was from 0.75±0.11 to 1.05±0.14 under water temperature of 10.5–12°C. In addition, the heritability of BW and BL estimated under low-temperature were 0.32±0.04 and 0.47±0.06, respectively. The BW had a medium heritability(0.2–0.4), and the BL had a high heritability(〉0.45), which suggested that selection for increased weight and length was feasible. Moreover, there was potential for mass selection on growth. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between BW and BL were 0.95±0.01 and 0.91±0.01(P 〈 0.01), respectively. A significant correlation between BW and BL showed that BL could be instead of BW for indirect selection, which could be effectively implemented in the breeding program.展开更多
Edwardsiellosis of flounder and turbot occurring in different mariculture farms during 2001~ 2004 was examined, including the conditions of disease occurrence, clinical signs and pathological changes. The results sho...Edwardsiellosis of flounder and turbot occurring in different mariculture farms during 2001~ 2004 was examined, including the conditions of disease occurrence, clinical signs and pathological changes. The results showed that all diseased fishes expressed bacterial septicaemia. A total of 148 strains were identified using a combination of traditional physiological and biochemical tests and partial 16S rRNA gene analysis. In addition, the mole fraction G + C ratio of the DNA of representative strain of isolates and serum homology were detected, and pathogenicity tests of isolates were conducted by experimental infection. The results revealed that 148 strains were identified as E. tarda of genus Edwardsiella, all the isolates are of serologic similarity, and have strong pathogenicity to flounder and turbot.展开更多
本研究共配制了3种等氮等脂的实验饲料,其中,对照组饲料使用15%鱼粉提供部分饲料蛋白,2个实验组饲料分别用鱼水解蛋白和鸡水解蛋白替代了饲料中10%的鱼粉蛋白。对初始体重为4.16 g左右的大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)幼鱼进行了为期1...本研究共配制了3种等氮等脂的实验饲料,其中,对照组饲料使用15%鱼粉提供部分饲料蛋白,2个实验组饲料分别用鱼水解蛋白和鸡水解蛋白替代了饲料中10%的鱼粉蛋白。对初始体重为4.16 g左右的大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)幼鱼进行了为期12周的投喂,研究了其对大菱鲆生长性能及肠道组织学结构的影响。结果显示,鱼水解蛋白组(PHf)的特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白效率比和蛋白质沉积率较对照组(FM)无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著高于鸡水解蛋白组(PHc)(P<0.05);3组实验鱼的摄食率无显著差异(P>0.05);PHf和PHc组的鱼体蛋白含量显著高于FM组(P<0.05),3组实验鱼的脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。PHf和PHc组的鱼体肌肉必需氨基酸含量显著高于FM组(P<0.05)。PHf和PHc组的前肠和中肠黏膜皱襞高度大于FM组,且PHf组较FM组差异显著(P<0.05);3组实验鱼的前肠和中肠上皮细胞的高度无显著差异(P>0.05);FM组前肠和中肠的肠壁厚度大于其他2组,且显著大于PHf组(P<0.05)。大菱鲆饲料中使用鱼水解蛋白替代部分鱼粉蛋白在生长性能及肠道组织学结构方面要优于使用鸡水解蛋白。展开更多
Studies were conducted to investigate the non-specific immune responses and disease-resistance of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus,cultured at four different salinities(8,20,32 and 40) . Three concentrations(3....Studies were conducted to investigate the non-specific immune responses and disease-resistance of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus,cultured at four different salinities(8,20,32 and 40) . Three concentrations(3.75 × 10 7,3.75 × 10 8 and 3.75 × 10 9 CFU/ml) of Vibrio anguillarum suspension were employed at each salinity to determine the 4-day LD 50 . The serum lysozyme activity,the alternative complement pathway activity(ACH50) and the phagocytosis percentage of head kidney in turbot were tested at 24,48 and 72 h post-challenge of V. anguillarum(1.1 × 10 8 CFU/ml,0.1 ml) ,respectively,to evaluate the non-specific immune responses at the selected rearing salinities. Fish reared at salinity 20 had the lowest mortality,namely,the highest 4-day LD 50 value(8.88 ± 0.17) . Besides,the lysozyme activity,ACH50 and the phagocytosis of turbot were the highest at the salinity 20,but with the lowest at the salinity 40 treatment regardless of sampling time. In addition,the non-specific immune activities kept increasing within 72 h post-challenge of V. anguillarum,except that the lysozyme activity increased from 24 to 48 h,and then decreased from 48 to 72 h at 40 significantly. These results together indicate that rearing in intermediate salinity(20) was able to enhance the immunity and disease-resistance of turbot.展开更多
Toll样受体(Toll like receptor,TLR)是非常重要的病原体模式识别受体,它通过识别微生物特异性分子模式来控制针对病原体的宿主免疫应答,在先天免疫和获得性免疫中起重要作用。迄今为止,已经在动物中发现脊椎动物TLR的22个主要家族成员...Toll样受体(Toll like receptor,TLR)是非常重要的病原体模式识别受体,它通过识别微生物特异性分子模式来控制针对病原体的宿主免疫应答,在先天免疫和获得性免疫中起重要作用。迄今为止,已经在动物中发现脊椎动物TLR的22个主要家族成员。尽管以前的研究已经鉴定了几个大菱鲆的Toll样受体基因(tlr2,tlr8,tlr9),但大菱鲆Toll样受体的深入研究可能会为检测大菱鲆适应性免疫应答反应提供有力依据。从之前的高通量测序数据库中可获得大菱鲆tlr3基因序列,但对其结构特征及其在黏膜免疫应答中的表达特征的研究依然欠缺。为更好地了解大菱鲆tlr3,本文鉴定其基因结构,预测蛋白质结构特征并进行系统进化分析,研究其在不同病原菌侵染黏膜屏障中的表达模式。结果表明:大菱鲆Tlr3包括13个亮氨酸富集的重复序列(LRR,leucine-rich repeats)和一个Toll样白介素-1受体(TIR),与牙鲆Tlr3同源性最高。进化树分析表明,大菱鲆Tlr3与牙鲆亲缘关系最接近。大菱鲆tlr3基因在健康组织中普遍表达,但是表达水平在8种检测组织中差异较大。大菱鲆tlr3在鳗弧菌和海豚链球菌侵染后的黏膜组织中均有表达上调的趋势。这些发现表明大菱鲆tlr3在受到包括革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌在内的广谱病原体感染的免疫应答中可能具有不可替代的作用。下一步可应用细菌学和免疫组织化学技术进一步研究黏膜组织上的主要细菌入侵位点,并确定侵染后大菱鲆TLRs的配体特异性。展开更多
Turbot Scophthalmus maximus is an important mariculture fish species with high economic value.However,the bacterial diseases caused by Vibrio anguillarum infection bring huge economic losses to the turbot aquaculture ...Turbot Scophthalmus maximus is an important mariculture fish species with high economic value.However,the bacterial diseases caused by Vibrio anguillarum infection bring huge economic losses to the turbot aquaculture industry.To understand the immune response of the turbot against V.anguillarum infection and to explore novel immune-related genes,the transcriptome analysis of turbot spleen and gills were conducted after V.anguillarum infection.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in spleen and gill of the turbot amounted to 17261 and 16436,respectively.A large number of immunerelated DEGs were enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathway,and the others by the kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)enrichment.The gene ontology(GO)classification analysis revealed that V.anguillarum infection had the greatest effect on biological processes and cellular components.Twelve immune-related DEGs were identified in the spleen(cstl.1,egfl6,lamb21,v2rx4,calcr,and gpr78a)and gills(ghra,sh3gl2a,cst12,inhbaa,cxcl8,and il-1b)by heat map.The proteinprotein interaction(PPI)networks were constructed to analyze the immune mechanism.The results demonstrate that the maturation and antigen processing of major histocompatibility complex(MHC)class II molecule,and calcitonin-or adrenomedullin-regulated physiological activity were important events in the immunity of turbot against V.anguillarum infection.In the gills,the protein interactions in TGF-βsignaling pathway,production of inflammatory factors,and endocytosis regulation were most significant.Our research laid a foundation for discovering novel immune-related genes and enriching the knowledge of immune mechanisms of turbot against V.anguillarum infection.展开更多
A turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)cell line named SMSP was obtained from the spleen.The origin of the cells was identified by morphology,chromosome number and COI gene.The optimal basic medium,serum concentration and grow...A turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)cell line named SMSP was obtained from the spleen.The origin of the cells was identified by morphology,chromosome number and COI gene.The optimal basic medium,serum concentration and growth temperature of the cells were detected.SMSP cell line is mainly composed of fibroblast-like cells.Most of the SMSP cells contained 44 chromosomes,and the sequence of COI gene confirmed that the cells were originated from turbot.The optimal culture conditions were 24℃,DMEM+10%FBS.The cell line had high transfection efficiency for siRNA and plasmid.After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or poly(I:C),the expressions of immune-related genes such as TNF-β,IL-12s,IL-10 and IL-1βwere up-regulated significantly in the early stage(P<0.05).This study will provide a model for exploring immune mechanism of turbot against pathogen in vitro.展开更多
Acidic digestion is an important digestive process of marine fish.In fish stomach,two enzymes are involved in the secretion of hydrochloric acid(HCl)and proteomic digestion:H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and pepsinogen.However,th...Acidic digestion is an important digestive process of marine fish.In fish stomach,two enzymes are involved in the secretion of hydrochloric acid(HCl)and proteomic digestion:H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and pepsinogen.However,the starting of digestive function in fish is still unclear.To reveal the details of acidic digestion of turbot Scophthalmus maximus in early development,a 40 day of turbot larvae culture was conducted.The H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase gene from the turbot S.maximus(smH^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase)was identified and characterized.Based on our previous discription on pepsinogen of turbot S.maximus,we combined pepsinogen and H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and analyzed the mechanism of acidic digestion in turbot.Results show that the spatial and temporal expression profiles of H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase agreed with pepsinogen A and C in turbot,indicating a synergetic action between H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and pepsinogen during the acidic digestion process.In addition,the turbot juveniles showed a faster growth after the expressions of H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase gene and pepsinogen gene,demonstrating that pepsin had a higher digestive efficiency,for which a compound diet should be provided to the fish from Day 22 onward.This study provided a reference for biology research and aquaculture of turbot and other marine fishes.展开更多
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2012AA10A408-7the Special Funding for Basic Scientific Research of Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute under contract No.2010-cb-04
文摘The objectives of this present research were to assess the heritability of growth traits under low temperature conditions in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.), and to analyze the correlation between body weight(BW) and body length(BL). There were 536 individuals from 25 full- and half-sib families involved in this study. During the entire 90-day period, which was initiated at 233 dph(day old) and ended at 323 dph, the individuals' BW and BL were weighed consecutively six times every 18 days. The heritability of BW and BL and the correlation between these two traits were estimated based on an individual animal model with the derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood(DFREML) method. These results showed that the specific growth rates(SGR) of 25 families was from 0.75±0.11 to 1.05±0.14 under water temperature of 10.5–12°C. In addition, the heritability of BW and BL estimated under low-temperature were 0.32±0.04 and 0.47±0.06, respectively. The BW had a medium heritability(0.2–0.4), and the BL had a high heritability(〉0.45), which suggested that selection for increased weight and length was feasible. Moreover, there was potential for mass selection on growth. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between BW and BL were 0.95±0.01 and 0.91±0.01(P 〈 0.01), respectively. A significant correlation between BW and BL showed that BL could be instead of BW for indirect selection, which could be effectively implemented in the breeding program.
文摘Edwardsiellosis of flounder and turbot occurring in different mariculture farms during 2001~ 2004 was examined, including the conditions of disease occurrence, clinical signs and pathological changes. The results showed that all diseased fishes expressed bacterial septicaemia. A total of 148 strains were identified using a combination of traditional physiological and biochemical tests and partial 16S rRNA gene analysis. In addition, the mole fraction G + C ratio of the DNA of representative strain of isolates and serum homology were detected, and pathogenicity tests of isolates were conducted by experimental infection. The results revealed that 148 strains were identified as E. tarda of genus Edwardsiella, all the isolates are of serologic similarity, and have strong pathogenicity to flounder and turbot.
文摘本研究共配制了3种等氮等脂的实验饲料,其中,对照组饲料使用15%鱼粉提供部分饲料蛋白,2个实验组饲料分别用鱼水解蛋白和鸡水解蛋白替代了饲料中10%的鱼粉蛋白。对初始体重为4.16 g左右的大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)幼鱼进行了为期12周的投喂,研究了其对大菱鲆生长性能及肠道组织学结构的影响。结果显示,鱼水解蛋白组(PHf)的特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白效率比和蛋白质沉积率较对照组(FM)无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著高于鸡水解蛋白组(PHc)(P<0.05);3组实验鱼的摄食率无显著差异(P>0.05);PHf和PHc组的鱼体蛋白含量显著高于FM组(P<0.05),3组实验鱼的脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。PHf和PHc组的鱼体肌肉必需氨基酸含量显著高于FM组(P<0.05)。PHf和PHc组的前肠和中肠黏膜皱襞高度大于FM组,且PHf组较FM组差异显著(P<0.05);3组实验鱼的前肠和中肠上皮细胞的高度无显著差异(P>0.05);FM组前肠和中肠的肠壁厚度大于其他2组,且显著大于PHf组(P<0.05)。大菱鲆饲料中使用鱼水解蛋白替代部分鱼粉蛋白在生长性能及肠道组织学结构方面要优于使用鸡水解蛋白。
基金The International Cooperative Project under contract No. 2003DFB00012
文摘Studies were conducted to investigate the non-specific immune responses and disease-resistance of juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus,cultured at four different salinities(8,20,32 and 40) . Three concentrations(3.75 × 10 7,3.75 × 10 8 and 3.75 × 10 9 CFU/ml) of Vibrio anguillarum suspension were employed at each salinity to determine the 4-day LD 50 . The serum lysozyme activity,the alternative complement pathway activity(ACH50) and the phagocytosis percentage of head kidney in turbot were tested at 24,48 and 72 h post-challenge of V. anguillarum(1.1 × 10 8 CFU/ml,0.1 ml) ,respectively,to evaluate the non-specific immune responses at the selected rearing salinities. Fish reared at salinity 20 had the lowest mortality,namely,the highest 4-day LD 50 value(8.88 ± 0.17) . Besides,the lysozyme activity,ACH50 and the phagocytosis of turbot were the highest at the salinity 20,but with the lowest at the salinity 40 treatment regardless of sampling time. In addition,the non-specific immune activities kept increasing within 72 h post-challenge of V. anguillarum,except that the lysozyme activity increased from 24 to 48 h,and then decreased from 48 to 72 h at 40 significantly. These results together indicate that rearing in intermediate salinity(20) was able to enhance the immunity and disease-resistance of turbot.
文摘Toll样受体(Toll like receptor,TLR)是非常重要的病原体模式识别受体,它通过识别微生物特异性分子模式来控制针对病原体的宿主免疫应答,在先天免疫和获得性免疫中起重要作用。迄今为止,已经在动物中发现脊椎动物TLR的22个主要家族成员。尽管以前的研究已经鉴定了几个大菱鲆的Toll样受体基因(tlr2,tlr8,tlr9),但大菱鲆Toll样受体的深入研究可能会为检测大菱鲆适应性免疫应答反应提供有力依据。从之前的高通量测序数据库中可获得大菱鲆tlr3基因序列,但对其结构特征及其在黏膜免疫应答中的表达特征的研究依然欠缺。为更好地了解大菱鲆tlr3,本文鉴定其基因结构,预测蛋白质结构特征并进行系统进化分析,研究其在不同病原菌侵染黏膜屏障中的表达模式。结果表明:大菱鲆Tlr3包括13个亮氨酸富集的重复序列(LRR,leucine-rich repeats)和一个Toll样白介素-1受体(TIR),与牙鲆Tlr3同源性最高。进化树分析表明,大菱鲆Tlr3与牙鲆亲缘关系最接近。大菱鲆tlr3基因在健康组织中普遍表达,但是表达水平在8种检测组织中差异较大。大菱鲆tlr3在鳗弧菌和海豚链球菌侵染后的黏膜组织中均有表达上调的趋势。这些发现表明大菱鲆tlr3在受到包括革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌在内的广谱病原体感染的免疫应答中可能具有不可替代的作用。下一步可应用细菌学和免疫组织化学技术进一步研究黏膜组织上的主要细菌入侵位点,并确定侵染后大菱鲆TLRs的配体特异性。
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(CN)(No.2022YFD2400401)the Key Research and Development Plan of Shandong Province(CN)(for Academician Team in Shandong)(No.2023ZLYS02)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.202261029)the Enterprise Authorized Project(No.20200025)。
文摘Turbot Scophthalmus maximus is an important mariculture fish species with high economic value.However,the bacterial diseases caused by Vibrio anguillarum infection bring huge economic losses to the turbot aquaculture industry.To understand the immune response of the turbot against V.anguillarum infection and to explore novel immune-related genes,the transcriptome analysis of turbot spleen and gills were conducted after V.anguillarum infection.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in spleen and gill of the turbot amounted to 17261 and 16436,respectively.A large number of immunerelated DEGs were enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathway,and the others by the kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)enrichment.The gene ontology(GO)classification analysis revealed that V.anguillarum infection had the greatest effect on biological processes and cellular components.Twelve immune-related DEGs were identified in the spleen(cstl.1,egfl6,lamb21,v2rx4,calcr,and gpr78a)and gills(ghra,sh3gl2a,cst12,inhbaa,cxcl8,and il-1b)by heat map.The proteinprotein interaction(PPI)networks were constructed to analyze the immune mechanism.The results demonstrate that the maturation and antigen processing of major histocompatibility complex(MHC)class II molecule,and calcitonin-or adrenomedullin-regulated physiological activity were important events in the immunity of turbot against V.anguillarum infection.In the gills,the protein interactions in TGF-βsignaling pathway,production of inflammatory factors,and endocytosis regulation were most significant.Our research laid a foundation for discovering novel immune-related genes and enriching the knowledge of immune mechanisms of turbot against V.anguillarum infection.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31902403)the Young Experts of Taishan Scholars(No.tsqn201909130)+2 种基金the advanced Talents Foundation of QAU grant(No.663-1120029)the Shandong Technical System of Fish Industry(No.SDAIT-12-03)the Breeding Plan of Shandong Provincial Qingchuang Research Team(2019),China。
文摘A turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)cell line named SMSP was obtained from the spleen.The origin of the cells was identified by morphology,chromosome number and COI gene.The optimal basic medium,serum concentration and growth temperature of the cells were detected.SMSP cell line is mainly composed of fibroblast-like cells.Most of the SMSP cells contained 44 chromosomes,and the sequence of COI gene confirmed that the cells were originated from turbot.The optimal culture conditions were 24℃,DMEM+10%FBS.The cell line had high transfection efficiency for siRNA and plasmid.After stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or poly(I:C),the expressions of immune-related genes such as TNF-β,IL-12s,IL-10 and IL-1βwere up-regulated significantly in the early stage(P<0.05).This study will provide a model for exploring immune mechanism of turbot against pathogen in vitro.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFD0901204)the Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)(No.GML2019ZD0402)+3 种基金the Major Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.SD2019YY011)the Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(No.2018SDKJ0502-2)the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-47),the Major Science and Technology for Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects(Shandong)(No.2019JZZY020710)the STS Project(Nos.KFZD-SW-106,ZSSD-019,2017T3017,2019T3022)。
文摘Acidic digestion is an important digestive process of marine fish.In fish stomach,two enzymes are involved in the secretion of hydrochloric acid(HCl)and proteomic digestion:H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and pepsinogen.However,the starting of digestive function in fish is still unclear.To reveal the details of acidic digestion of turbot Scophthalmus maximus in early development,a 40 day of turbot larvae culture was conducted.The H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase gene from the turbot S.maximus(smH^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase)was identified and characterized.Based on our previous discription on pepsinogen of turbot S.maximus,we combined pepsinogen and H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and analyzed the mechanism of acidic digestion in turbot.Results show that the spatial and temporal expression profiles of H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase agreed with pepsinogen A and C in turbot,indicating a synergetic action between H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and pepsinogen during the acidic digestion process.In addition,the turbot juveniles showed a faster growth after the expressions of H^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase gene and pepsinogen gene,demonstrating that pepsin had a higher digestive efficiency,for which a compound diet should be provided to the fish from Day 22 onward.This study provided a reference for biology research and aquaculture of turbot and other marine fishes.