Timing and structural controls on skarn-type and vein-type mineralization at the Xitian tin-polymetallic deposit, Hunan Province, SE China

Xitian tin-polymetallic deposit, located in the eastern Hunan Province, SE China, hosts quartz vein and skarn in the contact zone between carbonate and two stages granites. Critical geodynamic questions for South China are whether different types of mineralization form in the same time and how the magmatism–tectonic system controls the ore-forming process. Based on the distribution of the orebodies, six cassiterite samples from different types of mineralization are collected for dating. In-situ LA-MCICP-MS U–Pb isotopic data yielded concordia low intercept ages between 154 and 157 Ma, indicating that different types of mineralization belong to the same magmatism–mineralization system. Coupled with the study of the kinematic indicators, it suggests that the structural control of the wall rocks constrain the types of mineralization. These results provide further evidence of a close temporal link between the structure and the tin-polymetallic mineralization in Xitian deposit. Considering the structure in the district, granite dome plays an important role in the ore-forming process. The age and structural signatures in Xitian deposit are the response to the subduction of Pacific Plate.

Two–stage Cretaceous Exhumation of Hengshan Complex in Hunan Province, SE China: Constraints Arising from ^(40)Ar–^(39)Ar Geochronology and Cretaceous Tectonic Implications

The Hengshan complex is located in the central part of SE China, which underwent rapid tectonic uplift in the Cretaceous just like many other complexes on the continent. （40）~Ar-（39）~Ar geochronological data from the Hengshan complex suggest that two episodes of crustal cooling/extension took place in this part of the continent during the Cretaceous time. The first stage of exhumation was active during ca. 136-125 Ma, with a cooling rate of 〉 10 ℃Ma. The second stage of exhumation happened at ca. 98-93 Ma, with a cooling rate of 〉 10 ℃/Ma. Considering the folding in the Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks and the regional unconformity underneath the Upper Cretaceous red beds, it is believed that the Cretaceous crustal extension in SE China was interrupted by a compressional event. The reversion to extension, shortly after this middle Cretaceous compression, led to the rapid cooling/exhumation of the Hengshan complex at ca. 98-93 Ma. The Cretaceous tectonic processes in the hinterland of SE China could be controlled by interactions between the continental margin and the Paleo-pacific plate.

In-situ Major and Trace Elements Analysis for Garnets from the Xitian Orefield,SE China:Implications for Skarn-type Mineralization

1 Introduction The Xitian W-Sn polymetallic orefield is one of the most significant finds of tungsten–tin mineral resources in southeastern China,and the skarn orebodies have been considered to be the dominant mineralization type of the

Late Jurassic Intracontinental Extension and Related Mineralisation in Southwestern Fujian Province of SE China:Insights from Deformation and Syn-Tectonic Granites

Late Mesozoic igneous intrusions and extensional structures in Carboniferous to Permian sequences in the SW Fujian region acted as important controls on the localisation of Fe-polymetallic de-posits.Here we document the identification of extensional deformation at shallow crustal levels and syn-tectonic granites related to normal faults.Based on spatial distribution and structural features,the extensional deformation can be divided into cover-only and basement-intersecting styles.A series of syn-tectonic plutons were emplaced into the footwall of normal faults.Representative samples of the Tangquan Granite have high SiO2(66.4 wt.%-73.9 wt.%)assays and Mg#values(37-59).The samples also have relatively homogenous initial 87Sr/86Sr(0.7083-0.7089)andεNd(-9.2--10.2)values.Geochemical and isotopic evidences indicate that the Tangquan granite originates from a hybrid source including lower crustal-derived felsic and lithospheric mantle-derived mafic magmas.Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the granodiorite phase from the pluton crystallised at 161±4 Ma and the monzogranite phase crystallised at 159±1 Ma.Combined with the granitic rocks in a wider region of SE China,the widespread granitic magmatism and polymetallic mineralisation have been synchronous during the Late Mesozoic,probably resulting from extensional tectonics related to the lithospheric thinning.

Three Australian leg-flagged Roseate Terns found at Caiyu Archipelago of SE Fujian, China

In undertaking regular surveys on those waterbirds appearing on Fujian coast and on offshore islands,people of Xiamen Bird-watching Society had observed,for five times during 2007-2009,three marked individuals of the Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii) on Caiyu Archipelago of south Fujian offshore; it is now quite certain that the leg-flags were marked on birds by people of the Australasian Wader Studies Group (AWSG) and at least one of those leg-flagged terns is already over six or seven years old by the time of re-sighting; this record might be useful and helpful for further estimating the life circle as well as the length of generation of those gulls and terns appearing and breeding along the SE Chinese coast,such as the Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris),the Great Crested Tern (Sterna bergii),the Chinese Crested Tern (S.bernsteini),etc.

Geochronological, Sedimentary, Structural, and Metallogenic Characteristics of Southeast China during the Mesozoic: A General Review

The tectonic evolution of Southeast China during Late Mesozoic is a prominent topic. Numerous tectonic models on Late Mesozoic evolution ofSoutheast Chinahave been?published in the past 50 years. We synthesized many up-to-date and precise zircon U-Pb ages, sedimentary strata, and regional structures and discussed the oxygen fugacity of magmas and related ore deposits. We also analyzed the most current tectonic models published by some scholars. A multistage tectonic stress evolution history during Late Mesozoic was constructed, which included the following stages: 1) Early-Middle Jurassic (196 - 175 Ma) extension, in which many bimodal volcanics formed;2) Middle-Late Jurassic (165 - 140 Ma) compression, which generated largescale gneissic granites, garnet-bearing granites, stratigraphic hiatus, and nappe structures;3) Early Cretaceous (140 ± 5 - 120 Ma) extension, which formed weakly deformed or undeformed granites, alkali granites, metamorphic core complexes, graben basins, and basic dike swarms;4) Early Cretaceous (120 - 110 Ma) compression, which generated nappe structures, volcanic hiatuses, and garnet-bearing granites;and 5) Early-Late Cretaceous (110 - 80 Ma) extension, which generated largescale bimodal volcanics, basic dike swarms, alkali granites, and graben basins. The Late Mesozoic tectonic evolution ofSoutheast Chinamay be attributed to the drifting history of the Paleo-Pacific plate. The drifting direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate has changed several times since 140 Ma, which led to major changes in the tectonicphenomena from Jurassic to Cretaceous and to the formation of Late Mesozoic mineral deposits.

Mesozoic-Cenozoic Basin Features and Evolution of Southeast China

The Late Triassic to Paleogene （T3-E） basin occupies an area of 143100 km^2, being the sixth area of the whole of SE China; the total area of synchronous granitoid is about 127300 km^2; it provides a key for understanding the tectonic evolution of South China. From a new 1：1500000 geological map of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins of SE China, combined with analysis of geometrical and petrological features, some new insights of basin tectonics are obtained. Advances include petrotectonic assemblages, basin classification of geodynamics, geometric features, relations of basin and range. According to basin-forming geodynamical mechanisms, the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin of SE China can be divided into three types, namely： 1） para-foreland basin formed from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic （T3-J1） under compressional conditions; 2） rift basins formed during the Middle Jurassic （J2） under a strongly extensional setting; and 3） a faulted depression formed during Early Cretaceous to Paleogene （K1-E） under back-arc extension action. From the rock assemblages of the basin, the faulted depression can be subdivided into a volcanic-sedimentary type formed mainly during the Early Cretaceous （K1） and a red -bed type formed from Late Cretaceous to Paleogene （K2-E）. Statistical data suggest that the area of all para-foreland basins （T3-J1） is 15120 km^2, one of rift basins （J2） occupies 4640 km^2, and all faulted depressions equal to 124330 km^2 including the K2-E red-bed basins of 37850 km^2. The Early Mesozoic （T3-J1） basin and granite were mostly co-generated under a post-collision compression background, while the basins from Middle Jurassic to Paleogene （J2-E） were mainly constrained by regional extensional tectonics. Three geological and geographical zones were surveyed, namely： 1） the Wuyishan separating zone of paleogeography and climate from Middle Jurassic to Tertiary; 2） the Middle Jurassic rift zone; and 3） the Ganjiang separating zone of Late Mesozoic volcanism. Three types of basin-granite relationships have been identified, including compressional （a few）, strike-slip （a few）, and extensional （common）. A three-stage geodynamical evolution of the SE-China basin is mooted： an Early Mesozoic basin-granite framework; a transitional Middle Jurassic tectonic regime; intracontinental extension and red-bed faulted depressions since the Late Cretaceous.

U-Pb Dating of Volcanic Rocks and Granites along the Wuyishan Belt:Constraints on Timing of Late Mesozoic Tectonic Events in Southeast China

Five volcanic rock samples and two granite samples taken from the volcanic basins in western Fujian and southern Jiangxi were dated by using the zircon laser albation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U-Pb method. Together with previously dated ages, the dates obtained provide important constraints on the timing of late Mesozoic tectonic events in SE China. The volcanic rock samples yield ages of 183.1±3.5 Ma, ca. 141 Ma to 135.8±1.1 Ma, 100.4±1.5 to 97.6±1.1 Ma, confirming three episodes of late Mesozoic volcanic activities, which peaked at 180±5 Ma, 140±5 Ma and 100±5 Ma, respectively, along the Wuyishan belt. Moreover, based on field investigations of these volcano-sedimentary basins, we have recognized two compressional tectonic events along this belt. The early one was characterized by Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic NNE-trending folds that were intruded by late Jurassic granites; and the late one caused the Lower Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary layer to be tilted. The dated age 152.9±1.4 Ma of the granitic samples from the Hetian granitic pluton in the Changting Basin and that from the Baishiding granitic pluton, 100.2±1.8 Ma, in the Jianning Basin, give the upper boundaries of these two tectonic events respectively. Hence, the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of SE China was alternated between extension and compression.

基于CEEMDAN-SE-ARIMA组合模型的东北夏季降水预测

针对传统时间序列模型无法有效预测模态混叠数据的不足,本文提出了一种基于CEEMDAN-SE-ARIMA的组合模型,并且对东北地区2016—2020年夏季降水量进行了实证分析。首先,基于完全自适应集合经验模态分解方法,将降水时间序列分解为多个本征模态分量,并根据不同分量样本熵的计算结果进行分量序列重构。然后,针对每一个重构分量,构建自回归移动平均预测模型。最后,将各分量的预测值进行叠加,得到组合模型的预测值。此外,还构建了ARIMA单一模型和其他组合模型,旨在与CEEMDAN-SE-ARIMA组合模型对比。结果表明:CEEMDAN-SE-ARIMA组合模型考虑了时间序列的模态混叠特征,能有效提高东北地区夏季降水时序模型的预测能力,具有良好的预测应用价值。预测结果较单一模型和其他组合模型均有所提高,MASE降低了0.02~0.91 mm,RMSE降低了0.80~130.49 mm,MAE降低了2.52~129.84 mm,MAPE降低了1.08~35.53 mm。CEEMDAN-SE-ARIMA模型在降水变率较小的西北部区域预测效果更好,对东南部区域的极值分布中心预测较为准确。

Taxonomic notes and new species of the genus Minooa Yamanaka from Southeast Asia and China(Lepidoptera, Pyralidae,Pyralinae)

Two species of Minooa are revised from China and Southeast Asia,and one of these,Minooa carinata Qi,Bae&Li,sp.nov.is described as new to science,and M.acantha Qi,2016 is newly recorded from Vietnam.Photographs of adults,male and female genitalia are provided,along with a key for all species of Minooa.

中国西北地区农业生态效率时空分异及影响因素研究

立足资源禀赋和发展阶段因地制宜提高农业生态效率是农业强国建设的必由之路。在借助非期望非径向SE-SBM模型测度2010—2020年中国西北地区市域尺度农业生态效率的基础上,综合应用差异系数、Dagum基尼系数、全局趋势分析、全局莫兰指数和空间误差模型等指标和方法探讨了中国西北地区农业生态效率时空分异特征及影响因素。结果表明:(1)2010—2020年中国西北地区农业生态效率的中位数在波动中由0.512上升至1.001,年均增长率约为6.93%,且市域间农业生态效率的差异程度呈现出缩小的态势。(2)中国西北地区农业生态效率呈现出梯次性的圈层空间分布特征,投影趋势线在南北方向呈现出“U型”特征,而东西方向则是在由西向东平滑上升的过程中逐渐显现出“倒U型”特征。(3)劳均耕地面积、农村居民人均可支配收入、城镇化水平对中国西北地区农业生态效率产生正向影响,而农业机械密度与化肥使用强度则对该地区农业生态效率产生负向影响。

中国东南沿海中-新生代玄武岩微量元素和Nd-Sr-Pb同位素研究

本文对中国东南沿海不含幔源包体的中生代玄武岩和含幔源包体的新生代玄武岩进行了微量元素和Nd-Sr-Pb同位素对比研究。中生代玄武岩呈Ta、Nb和Hf负异常,低Ce/Pb、Nb/U比值和高La/Nb比值,与岛弧火山岩和陆壳岩石的微量元素特征相类似,说明在岩浆生成和上升过程中,幔源组分受到了陆壳组分的混染。新生代玄武岩呈Ta、Nb正异常和Pb负异常,高Ce/Pb、Nb/U比值和低La/Nb比值,与海岛玄武岩(OIB)相类似,Nd-Sr同位素成分与夏威夷玄武岩类似,因而它们未受明显的陆壳混染。143Nd/144Nd与206Pb/204Pb之间的负相关关系和87Sr/86Sr与206Pb/204Pb之间的正相关关系说明本区新生代玄武岩起源于中等亏损程度的软流圈地幔,并与EMII富集地幔组分发生了混合。

中国东南部与日本中—新生代构造-岩浆作用对比研究

重点讨论了中国东南部和日本中、新生代火成岩的时空分布及其构造环境,总结了两者的异同性。印支期和燕山早期(190～170Ma)中国东南部和日本具有不同的岩浆活动演化史。在165～150Ma期间,中国东南部广泛分布有过铝和弱过铝的S型花岗岩,而170～130Ma则为日本岩浆活动沉寂期。燕山晚期,中国东南部和日本都发生大规模的火山-侵入活动,同是库拉-太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲-碰撞及其后伸展-裂解的产物,日本开始时代晚(130Ma),并一直持续到始新世(45Ma)。进入喜马拉雅期,在日本海打开之前(>15Ma),中国东南部和日本同处于大陆伸展构造环境,在日本海打开之后(<15Ma),中国东南部和日本进入完全不同的构造演化阶段。

中国东南部花岗岩类Nd-Sr同位素研究

根据本文测定的５８个数据以及已发表的１２７个数据讨论了中国东南部不同时代花岗岩类的ＮｄＳｒ同位素特征，并通过与基底变质岩ＳｍＮｄ同位素组成的对比，研究了这些花岗岩类的物质来源与成因。仅分布于浙西南的古元古代花岗岩类是由成分上类似于被其侵入的八都群片麻岩经部分熔融形成的。沿江绍断裂带分布的新元古代花岗岩类是由地幔来源岩浆或初生地壳形成的；浙西—皖南—赣北地区的新元古代花岗岩类可能是由中元古代地层中的低成熟度组分形成的。古生代和大部分中生代花岗岩类主要是由所在区域内出露的中元古代变质沉积岩的相当物衍生的。沿浙闽沿海地区分布的大多数晚中生代花岗岩类含有较多的地幔组分。

浙闽晚中生代辉绿岩脉的岩石成因:年代学与地球化学制约

来自浙江文成和福建永泰两地的侵位于晚中生代中酸性火山岩地层中辉绿岩脉的形成于90～94Ma,为晚白垩世岩石圈伸展作用产物。两地辉绿岩的SiO2=48.61%～55.54%,Na2O=1.98%～3.89%,K2O=0.28%～2.26%,为钙碱性系列;岩浆在演化过程中经历了一定程度的镁铁质矿物、斜长石和副矿物的分离结晶作用。在微量元素特征上LILE(如Ba、Th)和LREE富集、HFSE亏损;具高放射成因Sr和低放射成因Nd同位素组成(文成辉绿岩:87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.7080～0.7097,εNd(t)=-7.7～-3.4;永泰辉绿岩:87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.7061～0.7062,εNd(t)=-1.2～+0.5),明显不同于亏损软流圈来源岩浆。地壳混染/AFC、岩浆混合等过程不足以解释这些辉绿岩的元素-同位素变化特征。结合主、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素组成,我们认为区域晚中生代辉绿岩为伸展拉张背景下,软流圈上涌与富集岩石圈地幔相互作用,两种源区共同发生部分熔融的结果,其中文成辉绿岩有更大比例的富集岩石圈组分参与,而永泰辉绿岩的熔融源区中软流圈组分则更高。

壳幔作用与花岗岩成因——以中国东南沿海为例

笔者在近年来的中国东南沿海花岗岩成因研究中，注意到下地壳之下的岩石圈地幔与下地壳之间必然有着十分密切的关系，认识到壳幔作用的重要形式是发生于壳幔接口的玄武岩浆的底侵作用，它涉及地幔对地壳在“成分”和“热”两方面的贡献。研究表明，本区底侵作用十分发育，是中国东南大陆边缘陆壳演化的重要过程。中国东南部晚中生代早期形成的花岗岩多为 Ｓ型花岗岩，它们主要是板块强烈挤压作用导致地壳增厚，陆壳重熔形成的岩石。而且这期大规模花岗岩浆活动是与弧后拉张、岩石圈减薄、软流圈上涌作用直接有关，早期太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲对大陆裂解起了诱导作用。中国东南部晚中生代缝合带的年龄为１００ ～１１０ Ｍａ ，可能代表了晚中生代构造岩浆作用由“挤压地壳增厚○陆壳重熔”向“拉张岩石圈减薄双峰式岩浆作用”机制的转变年龄。

安徽女山新生代玄武岩中橄榄岩包体矿物的含水性研究

本文对15个来自安徽女山新生代玄武岩的橄榄岩包体矿物(橄榄石、单斜辉石和斜方辉石)进行了详细的微区傅立叶变换红外光谱(Micro-FTIR)分析。结果显示,所有被测的橄榄石颗粒都没有明显的OH吸收峰,这表明橄榄石要么不含结构水,要么结构水含量＜2ppm(H_2O wt．下同);所有的单斜辉石和斜方辉石颗粒都含有以OH形式存在的结构水。辉石矿物颗粒内部的结构水含量要么是均一的,要么表现出中心高边缘低的不均一分布。这种不均一分布的特征应该来自于包体上升过程中由于压力降低而引起的H扩散。如果用每个样品多个测定颗粒的中心部位的平均值来代表该样品的话,15个样品的单斜辉石水含量为6～356ppm,斜方辉石水含量6～139ppm。单斜辉石与斜方辉石之间水含量的比值为-2．5,和文献中报道的分配系数吻合,表明女山单斜辉石和斜方辉石之间达到了H平衡。女山的橄榄岩分成低温(＜950℃)和高温(＞1050℃)两组,所有的含角闪石的样品都在低温组。高温组的斜方辉石和单斜辉石表现出H_2O含量和Al含量的正相关、和Mg含量的负相关,表明Al^(3+)+H^+(?)Si^(4+)和Al^(3+)+H^+(?)2Mg^(2+)是辉石中H的主要结合机制,同时也表明这些样品有效地保存了其在源区的原始结构水含量。而低温组的辉石偏离了相关趋势,结合该组部分样品含有角闪石的特征,我们提出一个流体(本文中采用广义的概念,即包括熔体和流体)上升交代的模式来解释女山橄榄岩的特征:流体从下向上运移,与高温组(下部)橄榄岩先发生反应,由于水含量较低,既没有影响橄榄岩矿物的原始水含量,也没有能形成角闪石,在上升的过程中由于发生名义上无水矿物(橄榄石,辉石等巨晶)的结晶分离,流体中的水含量不断增加,积累到一定程度,即与低温组(上部)橄榄岩反应时,不仅影响了橄榄岩矿物的原始水含量。也在部分样品中形成了角闪石。

中国东南沿海与南岭内陆A型花岗岩的对比及其构造意义

中国东南部广泛发育中生代A型花岗岩,按其空间展布,可区分为东南沿海和南岭内陆两个岩带.东南沿海A型花岗岩主要形成于晚白垩世(92～103 Ma),时间跨度不大,而南岭内陆A型花岗岩起始时间早,延续时间长(186～124 Ma),自早侏罗世至早白垩世均有发育.东南沿海A型花岗岩可区分为过碱性和铝质两种类型,但南岭内陆A型花岗岩基本均属铝质类型.与南岭内陆A型花岗岩相比,东南沿海A型花岗岩相对富SiO2,富Na2O,而K2O,Rb,Sr,Ba含量及FeO*/(FeO*+MgO)比值则相对偏低.Nd同位素示踪指示两带A型花岗岩均为壳幔混熔岩浆经高度分异演化结晶的产物,但不同地区A型花岗岩因区域引张程度不同,导致幔壳物质混熔比例存在差异.通过对两带A型花岗岩共生岩石组合及产出构造背景的综合分析,认为东南沿海A型花岗岩形成于与古太平洋板块西向俯冲有关的弧后伸展引张环境,而南岭内陆A型花岗岩的产出则主要受板内裂谷环境控制,可能与古特提斯及古太平洋构造域的联合制约有关.

中国大陆东南缘地震接收函数与地壳和上地幔结构

从2008-2011年,分别在中国大陆东南缘沿海和内陆两条NE向剖面上进行了宽频地震观测,利用记录到的远震波形资料提取得到1446个远震P波接收函数,用H-κ叠加扫描和CCP偏移叠加方法研究了中国大陆东南缘地壳及上地幔过渡带的结构及其变化特征.结合固定台网25个台站的H-κ结果,获得中国大陆东南缘（福建地区）地壳厚度从内陆到沿海逐渐减薄的图像：地壳从闽西北山区的33 km减薄到厦门沿海一带的29 km以下,平均地壳厚度为31.3 km,具有陆地向洋壳过渡的特征;地壳泊松比从内陆到沿海显示出分带特征,闽中西部内陆地区小于0.26,沿海地带高于0.26,且在断裂带的交汇区域表现为相对异常高值.地壳上地幔顶部（0～200 km）的CCP偏移叠加成像结果显示闽江断裂等NW向断裂深切Moho界面,在断裂两侧Moho面急剧抬升或下沉,产状改变,这些特征向内陆地区逐渐变得不明显.闽江等NW向断裂对研究区地壳厚度、地震等有明显控制作用.上地幔尺度（300～700 km）的CCP偏移叠加成像,未见410 km和660 km速度间断面突变和起伏异常,其绝对深度略大于IASP91模型的,上地幔转换带厚度正常（250±5 km）,表明中国大陆东南缘上地幔转换带未受欧亚与菲律宾板块碰撞的明显影响,推断中国大陆东南缘及台湾海峡下方不存在俯冲板块,或俯冲前缘未扰动到410 km的深度.

中国东南部晚中生代—新生代玄武岩与壳幔作用

中国东南部的火山活动在早中生代时期仅有很小规模,晚中生代最早的、较大规模的岩浆活动始于中侏罗世早期,至早白垩世是火山岩浆活动的鼎盛期,在近100个Ma的时间内形成了大面积分布的晚中生代火山-侵入岩,而在新生代则以面积较小的玄武岩浆喷出活动为主,局限分布于沿海一带.以晚中生代湘南、赣南和闽西南的近EW向火山岩带和浙、闽沿海地区的近NNE向火山岩带,以及新生代近NNE向火山岩带为研究对象,对这些火山岩的地球化学特征对比研究,结合时空分布,讨论了它们的起源及其与壳幔相互作用的关系,以及它们形成的构造环境,其结果显示,EW向晚中生代火山岩带(180～170 Ma)的西段玄武岩独立产出,且明显属碱性系列;而中段和东段玄武岩和流纹岩伴生,其中的玄武岩均为亚碱性系列的拉斑玄武岩.它们形成于板内拉张构造环境,是中国东南部特提斯构造域向太平洋构造域转换、晚中生代大规模岩浆作用的序幕.研究表明,该火山岩带自西向东表现出不同程度的壳幔相互作用,玄武岩在成岩过程中有少量陆壳组分加入.NNE向晚中生代火山岩带(130～90 Ma)主要为流纹质岩石,安山岩和玄武岩很少.即使是双峰式火山岩也以酸性岩为主,玄武岩仅占全部火山岩体积的30%以下.其中的玄武岩主要属钙碱性系列,少数属拉斑系列.它们形成于火山弧构造环境,是中国东南部受太平洋构造域影响发生大规模火山岩浆作用的主旋律.其中玄武岩岩浆成分受到了较高程度的陆壳物质混染,同时代的中性火山岩是由底侵的玄武岩岩浆和陆壳物质来源的酸性岩浆发生岩浆混合作用而形成的,反映了强烈的壳幔相互作用.NNE向新生代火山岩带,分布在浙闽沿海,以碱性系列玄武岩为主,均含幔源包体,并受NNE向大陆边缘断裂构造的控制.它们形成于板内裂谷环境,是中国东南沿海由晚中生代火山弧构造环境转换为新生代板内裂谷环境的标志,起源于软流圈地幔,并有EMII岩石圈地幔的混合组分,但基本没有受到陆壳物质的混染.