Seabuckthorn juice alleviates allergic symptoms in shrimp-induced food allergy mice

Tropomyosin(TM)in shrimp is one of the predominant causes of food allergy around the world.In the present study,the effect of seabuckthorn juice against TM-induced shrimp allergy was investigated in BALB/c mice.Allergic symptoms,spleen index,intestinal section and diarrhea were measured in shrimp allergy mice.As the results,seabuckthorn juice suppressed the lesions in jejunum tissue,diarrhea and allergic symptoms in shrimp allergy mice.Seabuckthorn juice also reduced serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α)as well as immunoglobulin E(IgE)and stimulated the secretion of interleukin-10(IL-10)in mice with shrimp allergy.Taken together,our findings suggest that increased IL-10 by seabuckthorn juice inhibits Th2 cytokine production to suppress shrimp allergic symptoms.Furthermore,seabuckthorn juice also regulates shrimp allergy by reducing jejunum lesions,inhibiting levels of TNF-αand IgE.

Evaluation of nutrient value of seabuckthorn in north China

Five minerals or dements, crude protein, lysine, methionine＋cystine, calcium and phosphorus, were selected for evaluation of the food value of seabuckthoru （Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis） using the method of ＂food analysis＂. The decision values （δi） of seabuckthoru seeds, leaves and fruit residues rank in the fifth, sixth and ninth position among the 16 types of fodder. Seeds, leaves and fruit residues of seabuckthoru are suitable for livestock and poultry fodder. The weights of livestock and poultry are considerably increased after feeding with seabuckthoru. The development of seabuckthoru should have great potentials as food, pre-food and food additives for livestock and poultry in north China, Processing facilities should pay more attention to seabuckthoru food development methods and strategies and the seabuckthorn fodder industry should be promoted.

Deep eutectic solvents and alkaline extraction of protein from seabuckthorn seed meal: a comparison study

Seabuckthorn seed meal(SSM) is a waste of oil extraction industry that rich in protein. In order to seek suitable protein extraction method, three different deep eutectic solvents(DESs)(including choline chlorideglycerol, choline chloride-oxalic acid and choline chloride-urea) were developed for extracting protein from SSM and compared with alkaline. Result indicated that alkaline could effectively extract 56.9% protein from SSM and its protein content was 73.1%, higher than DES at 31.0%-41.4% and 64.3%-67.5%, respectively. However, compared to alkali, DES led to a product with less β-sheet, more β-turn, more essential amino acids, higher total amino acid content, especially choline chloride-urea which extracted protein showing an integrated and similar protein weight distribution compared to SSM. Also, this protein extracted chloride-urea showed a highest digestibility in vitro(by pepsin)(54.2%). These results indicated that choline chloride-urea extraction is better than alkaline extraction for SSM.

Demarcation of Seabuckthorn Plantations in Three Northern Areas of China

Seabuckthorn （Hippophae rhamnoides） planting areas in the three northern areas （north, northeast and northwest） of China are divided into five planting zones： the semi-humid forest prairie climate zone for ecological and economic types of seabuckthorn plantations in the southern part of the Loess Plateau; the semi-arid steppe climate zone for similar types of plantations in the central part of the Loess Plateau; the arid desert steppe climate zone for ecological type of seabuckthorn plantations in the northern part of the Loess Plateau; the semi-arid and semi-humid steppe climate zone again for ecological and economic types of plantations in northern Hebei and western Liaoning and the cold humid steppe climate zone for economic types of plantations in the northern part of northeast China. The aim of this demarcation is to avoid a random introduction of seabuckthorn. In each of the five zones, objectives should be set and suitable seabuckthorn species, subspecies and varieties should be planted according to site conditions, seed sources and methods of tree breeding. The cultivation centers, bases, stations, or units should be established and successful models of seedling and planting methods should be encouraged. The principle of matching trees with suitable site conditions and adjusting measures to local conditions should be practiced. From a strategic viewpoint of solving ecological and economic problems of seabuckthorn development in the three northern areas, every seabuckthorn center must have its own germplasm nursery, standard plantation for popularizing, excellent seed and seedling nurseries and sufficient afforestation areas for demonstration and propaganda purposes. These measures would improve the ecological environment and promote economic and social development in the three northern areas of China.

Prediction of Landscape Pattern of Soft Sandstone Area (SSA) after Seabuckthorn Planting

As a pioneer plant in the gully slopes in the Soft Sandstone Area (SSA) for eco-economical consideration, ten years (1999-2008) planting of seabuckthorn has made 1642.83 km2, or 9.84%, of the total area of SSA change into seabuckthorn coverage. In SSA the landscape has been divided into 9 types, such as seabuckthorn, sand, water, settlement, bush, open vegetation, forest, grassland and unused land. Seabuckthorn type is separated from the bush type for estimating the role of seabuckthron planting. By means of the Markov model, the developing trends of every landscape types can be determined to support the seabuckthorn project which influences the landscape pattern deeply in SSA. The prediction shows that the optimism ratio of seabuckthorn in the future should be 10.21%, the open vegetation 32.25%, and the forest percentage under 10%, which is a very wise tactics to avoid the serious death of various vegetations in SSA to match the local arid eco-environment.

Evaluation on Environmental Resource Value of Artificial Seabuckthorn Forest in Sandstone Area during 1999-2008

China Seabuckthorn Ecological Project has been implemented for a decade (from 1999 to 2008) with an increasing seabuckthorn area of 1642.83 km2 in?the Sandstone Areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia—the most serious soil erosion area in China. The vast artificial seabuckthorn forest’s value in environmental resource is assessed via 7 indicators on first-level, 15 indicators on secondary level and 35 indicators on third level in this research. As of 2008, the seabuckthorn environmental resource value is 10.017 billion RMB Yuan, which equals to 37.1 times of the project’s total investment of 0.27 billion RMB Yuan. It is proposed in this research that the external economical values such as soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand-fixation can be realized through relative national policies and taxes. Carbon-fixation and oxygen-producing value can be achieved through the international carbon trade.

Extracts from Chinese Seabuckthorn Berry Have Antimicrobial Activity in vitro

Chinese seabuckthorn berry contains functional components. The berry was extracted by ethanol-water solution. MTT assay and growth rate method were applied to determine antibacterial ability in vitro of the extract solution. The antibacterial and antifungal assay indicated that the extract exhibited different degree of inhibitory activity. The result showed that the extract at a concentration of 1 250 mg/L had the maximum inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibitory effect against B. subtilis was much larger than that against the other two bacterial species. MIC values(minimum inhibitory concentration) of the extract on three bacterial species were 5 000, 1 250, and 1 000 mg/L respectively. IC_(50)(50% inhibiting concentration) evaluation of Trichoderma viride, Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium expansum, and Vintage Red indicated that the berry had the strongest inhibitory effect against P. expansum(5 520 mg/L), while it had the weakest inhibitory effect against R. stolonifer(18 870 mg/L). The results proved that seabuckthorn berry had highly effective and comprehensive antimicrobial function.

Comparative quantitative analysis of fruit oil from Hippophae rhamnoides(seabuckthorn) by qNMR, FTIR and GC–MS

Objective: To develop a qNMR method for quantitative analysis of triacylglycerols in fruit oil of Hippophae rhamnoides(seabuckthorn, SBT) and analyze commercial samples of SBT oils using GC–MS and FTIR.Methods: SBT fruit oil(IPHRFH) was extracted with hexane and the triglyceride(TAG) was isolated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Six different branded SBT oils purchased from e-commerce suppliers(Amazon) and in-house prepared SBT oil was analyzed by qNMR and fatty acyl composition of TAGs determined by using NMR. In-house oil was also analysed by GC–MS and FTIR spectroscopy.Results: The qNMR results showed that the oil contained 80.3% of triacylglycerol(TAG). The SBT oil TAGs comprised of linolenate 6.6%, palmitoleate/oleate 65.4%, and total saturated fatty acyl chain including palmitate 28% as determined by qNMR. GC–MS analysis revealed that the major acyl functionalities present in the TAG were palmitoleic acid 36.5%, oleic acid 12.9%, palmitic acid 21.2%, and linoleic acid 18%. Of the six commercial samples analyzed, samples from only one supplier(SW) were fruit oil;All others were the seed oils or mix of fruit oil and seed oil. The labels for samples except for the SW did not indicate whether it was fruit oil or seed oil.Conclusion: The results suggest that SBT oil should be analyzed by combination of GC–MS, FTIR and qNMR for factual content of free fatty acid or TAGs, which are chemically different in nature and affect the quality of oil. GC–MS showed the content of omega free fatty acids after hydrolysis, while qNMR and FTIR showed the content of TAGs. The major acyl functionalities found in SBT fruit oil TAGs are palmitoleate/palmitate/oleate, while linoleate and linonelate make up a minor fraction. Furthermore,analysis of commercial samples showed discrepancies between label claims and actual content.

沙棘枝杆力学特性试验研究

为获取沙棘枝杆的力学参数,支撑沙棘收获设备的开发,以新疆大果沙棘枝杆为对象,采用万能试验机对其剪切、弯曲和压缩的力学性能进行了测定,并在此基础上评估了直径和含水率对沙棘枝杆力学性能的影响。力学试验研究表明:沙棘枝杆的抗弯强度随着直径的增大而增大,直径为20mm时最大,为78.14MPa,直径为10mm时最小,为67.14MPa;抗剪强度会随着直径的增大先略微减小再增大,直径为20mm时最大,为45.46MPa,直径为12.5mm时最小,为30.90MPa;抗压强度会随着直径的增大而增大,直径为20mm时最大,为30.76MPa,直径为10mm时最小,为22.79MPa;弯曲试验和压缩试验中极限承载力随着含水率的上升而下降,压缩试验的趋势更为显著;剪切试验的极限承载力开始时随着含水率的上升而上升,在30%时到达最大值,之后随着含水率的上升而下降。研究结果可为沙棘枝杆的收获、破碎和加工设备的设计提供参数依据。

响应面优化提取新鲜沙棘果中异鼠李素及其两性聚合物结构修饰

目的:建立响应面优化提取新鲜沙棘果中异鼠李素的方法,采用高分子两性聚合物修饰异鼠李素。方法:采用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件及其Box-Behnken优化从新鲜沙棘果中提取异鼠李素,制备的异鼠李素采用自组装模式制成两性聚合物。结果:优化的提取温度为75℃,提取时间60 min,100 g新鲜沙棘果中盐酸加入量35 mL;采用自组装模式制成异鼠李素两性聚合物反应完全,溶解度良好。结论:响应面法稳定可行,可用于新鲜沙棘果中异鼠李素工艺优化;自组装模式制成异鼠李素两性聚合物结构修饰可行。

复方沙棘籽油栓治疗慢性宫颈炎合并高危型HPV感染有效性和安全性Meta分析

目的基于Meta分析系统评价复方沙棘籽油栓联合rhIFNα-2b栓治疗慢性宫颈炎(CC)合并高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的有效性与安全性。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)、中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、中国临床试验注册中心、PubMed、Cochrane Library建库至2022年7月1日收录的复方沙棘籽油栓治疗CC合并高危型HPV感染的随机对照试验(RCT)文献,进行数据提取和文献质量评价,运用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析和亚组分析。结果共纳入RCT文献10篇,试验组和对照组患者共1432例。与单独使用重组人干扰素(rhIFN)α-2b栓相比,联用复方沙棘籽油栓可显著提高CC合并高危型HPV感染的临床总有效率(RR=1.20,95%CI[1.15,1.26],P=0.79,I^(2)=0%)和治愈率(RR=1.40,95%CI[1.18,1.66],P=0.67,I2=0%),差异均有统计学意义;复方沙棘籽油栓联合rhIFNα-2b栓治疗可提高HPV转阴率,疗程越长效应越大,54天组(RR=1.14,95%CI[1.06,1.22],P=0.32,I^(2)=14%)、60天组(RR=1.61,95%CI[1.26,2.06],P=0.75,I^(2)=0%),84天组(RR=1.83,95%CI[1.26,2.64],P=0.05,I2=66%)。结论复方沙棘籽油栓联合rhIFNα-2b栓治疗CC合并高危型HPV感染的临床总有效率、治愈率和HPV转阴率均优于单用rhIFNα-2b栓,且无不良反应事件发生。

沙棘果食品开发利用研究进展与发展对策

沙棘富含多种生物活性成分,具有药食同源特性,其果实、种子、果皮、枝叶均可被加工利用。综述了沙棘果的营养保健价值、产品形式和加工流程,分析了近年来沙棘果产业的主要问题,并提出一些建议,旨在为沙棘果相关食品产业化发展提供参考依据。

沙棘果不同极性部位体外及体内抗氧化作用研究

目的 探究沙棘果不同极性部位体外抗氧化能力及体内抗氧化作用,明确有效部位,为拓展沙棘果研发利用、优化制备工艺提供依据。方法 以沙棘果为原料,95%乙醇提取后依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,得到不同极性部位提取物,采用清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)法、超氧阴离子自由基(O_(2)·^(-))法及羟自由基(·OH)法,比较不同极性部位体外抗氧化作用。将110只小鼠随机分为空白组(Control),模型组(Model),沙棘果乙酸乙酯层低剂量组(YD,0.015 g/kg)、沙棘果乙酸乙酯层中剂量组(YZ,0.045 g/kg)、沙棘果乙酸乙酯层高剂量组(YG,0.135 g/kg),沙棘果正丁醇层低剂量组(ZD,0.04 g/kg)、沙棘果正丁醇层中剂量组(ZZ,0.13 g/kg)、沙棘果正丁醇层高剂量组(ZG,0.39 g/kg)及沙棘果醇提取物低剂量组(SD,0.16 g/kg)、沙棘果醇提取物中剂量组(SZ,0.5 g/kg)、沙棘果醇提取物高剂量组(SG,1.5 g/kg),每组10只。除Control外,其余各组每日腹腔注射浓度为0.05 g/mL D-半乳糖(D-gal)溶液,剂量为10 g/0.1 mL,Control注入等量生理盐水,连续60 d。造模第11天开始灌胃给药,给药组分别灌胃沙棘果不同极性部位提取物低、中、高剂量,Control与Model灌胃蒸馏水。末次给药后,考察小鼠体质量变化、脏器指数,对比各组小鼠的血清抗氧化能力,包括血清总抗氧化能力(total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)以及丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)水平,观察心脏、肺脏、肾脏的病理变化。结果 沙棘果不同极性部位均可清除DPPH·、O_(2)·~-、·OH,具有体外抗氧化活性,其中沙棘果醇提取部位对DPPH·清除率高达76.09%,清除效果最强;体内实验结果显示,YG、ZZ、ZG、SZ、SG血清GSH-PX、SOD、T-AOC水平增高(P<0.05),且均可抑制MDA的积累(P<0.01)。其中SG血清GSH-PX抗氧化水平为(872.73±165.39)U/mL、SOD为(180.02±12.33)U/mL、T-AOC为(9.25±1.45)U/mL,高于Model(P<0.01),MDA水平为(4.93±2.07)nmol/mL,相比于Model有所下降(P<0.05)。HE染色结果表明,沙棘果不同极性部位对心脏、肺脏、肾脏组织细胞及结构损伤具有较好的修复作用。结论 沙棘果不同极性部位均具有一定的抗氧化作用,其中沙棘果醇提取物抗氧化能力最强,其余各部位抗氧化能力与极性呈正相关。

基于响应面法优化沙棘普洱茶粉水提工艺及体外抗氧化能力评价研究

以沙棘普洱茶粉水提液中可溶性固形物为响应值,基于单因素及Box-Benhnken响应面法优化实验研究不同料液比、时间、温度、pH的影响.对不同原料配比下的沙棘普洱茶粉进行有效成分检测及体外抗氧化实验,分析、评价其体外抗氧化能力.得到沙棘普洱茶粉(沙棘叶∶普洱茶末=4∶1)的最优水提工艺条件为料液比(原料∶水)为1∶8(g/mL)、提取温度为79℃、提取时间为3 h、pH为8.3.沙棘普洱茶粉的活性成分含量较单一茶粉有所提高,对DPPH(2,2,-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)、ABTS(2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)、CuPRAC(Cupric ReducingAntioxidant Power)及FRAP(Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power)均具有较强的清除能力,制备的沙棘普洱茶粉均具有较好的体外抗氧化作用,为沙棘、普洱茶资源利用及功能性茶粉的开发提供一定参考.

砒砂岩区十大孔兑沙棘生态减沙工程现状调查及管理对策研究

砒砂岩区沙棘生态减沙工程是我国晋陕蒙区防风治沙、强化水土保持的重要举措,该工程的发展现状及管理对策值得引起特别关注。本文以十大孔兑上游砒砂岩丘陵沟壑区沙棘林为研究对象,通过实地调研与问卷调查等研究方法,明确砒砂岩区十大孔兑沙棘生态减沙工程发展现状、实施现状、沙棘林生长状况、抚育措施及其经济效益等情况,提出了统一筹划构建沙棘林长效管理机制、多举并措健全沙棘林抚育措施实施方案、因地制宜完善沙棘资源产业化开发方案等管理对策,为晋陕蒙区砒砂岩区十大孔兑沙棘生态减沙工程的实施与管理提供科学支撑。

沙棘对非生物胁迫的响应研究进展

沙棘被称为地球的生态树、绿化的先锋树、人类的健康树。但沙棘的自然分布区域决定了其生长发育过程中会遭遇多种逆境胁迫,深入研究沙棘的抗逆机理,揭示其抗性特征,科学选育适宜广大干旱半干旱地区种植的优良沙棘无性系品种具有十分重要的意义。本文主要从干旱、盐碱、高低温以及土壤重金属污染4个方面综述了非生物胁迫对沙棘的影响,从种子萌发、生长发育和生理生化等方面概述沙棘对逆境胁迫的响应,并对未来沙棘抗非生物胁迫研究的方向进行展望,以期为沙棘属植物的种质资源保护和开发利用提供理论基础。

Seabuckthorn Berries Extract Attenuates Pulmonary Vascular Hyperpermeability in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice

Objective:To investigate the effect of seabuckthorn berries extract(SBE)on pulmonary vascular hyperpermeability in the mice model of acute lung injury(ALI)induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods:Sixty Kunming mice were allocated into 6 groups by a random number table,including control,LPS,dexamethasone(Dex,1 mg/kg),and 120,240 and 480 mg/kg SBE groups,10 mice in each group.Except the control group,mice were pre-treated with Dex and SBE,respectively,for 7 days before LPS was intraperitoneally injected to induce ALl.Pulmonary vascular hyperpermeabilitywas evaluated by histopathologic observation and transvascular leakagedetermination.Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels in serum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-k B)p65 in lung cells was determined by immunofluorescence analysis.The contents of cytoplasmic inhibitorof nuclear factor-kBkinase(IKK)and nuclearp65,as wellasdownstreamproteins of E-selectin(CD62E)and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),were determined using Western blot analysis.Results:Histopathological observation confirmed SBEtreatment alleviatedmorphological lesion induced by LPS.Compared with the LPS group,480 mg/kg SBE significantly decreased the water content of lung,Evans blue accumulation in lung tissue,and protein concentration and neutrophils count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(P<o.01);moreover,480 mg/kg SBE significantly suppressed release of TNF-αand IL-6,and down-regulated expressions of IKK,nuclear p65,ICAM-1 and CD62E(P<0.01).Conclusion:SBE maintained alveolar-capillary barrier integrity under endotoxin challenge in mice by suppressing the key factors in the pathogenesis of ALl.

沙棘优良杂交种质资源鉴定及筛选

为筛选沙棘优良杂交种质资源,本试验以杂交F_1代及其父母本与对照品种中雌沙棘共13份材料为试材,通过调查比较物候期、生长性状、生长速率及果实性状等相关指标,通过建立隶属函数方程,对10份杂交F_1代材料进行综合评价。结果表明,杂交F_1代果实成熟期为8月13日—15日,介于中国沙棘与蒙古沙棘之间。参试材料平均株高为284.68 cm,平均冠幅为205.85 cm,平均地径为5.47 cm,中蒙杂交沙棘生长性状指标显著高于对照品种中国沙棘雌株与楚伊沙棘,具有树势强,生长速率快的特点。果实百果重平均值为30.33 g,俄罗斯大果沙棘品种楚伊百果重显著高于其他参试材料,中国沙棘雌株百果重最低,为11.21 g。单株产量平均值为8.28 kg,高于母本楚伊沙棘与对照品种中国沙棘雌株,其中中蒙杂雌6材料单株产量最高,为12.25 kg,中国沙棘雌株材料单株产量最低,为2.43 kg。通过综合评价,中蒙杂雌6与中蒙杂雌10综合评价E值高于其他材料,可以作为中熟杂交沙棘种质资源进行保存与推广种植。

沙棘NRAMP基因家族鉴定及铅胁迫下表达分析

【目的】NRAMP(natural resistance-associated macrophage protein)基因家族是一类广泛存在于植物中的天然抗性相关巨噬蛋白,对植物中二价金属离子的细胞转运具有关键作用。为挖掘沙棘NRAMP基因家族响应重金属铅胁迫的关键基因,阐明沙棘响应重金属铅胁迫的分子机制。【方法】利用生物信息学技术鉴定沙棘NRAMP家族成员,对编码该家族蛋白的理化性质、系统进化、基因结构、保守基序、顺式作用元件、不同浓度铅胁迫下的NRAMP基因表达谱、种内种间共线性、蛋白互作网络进行综合分析。【结果】NRAMP基因家族的11个成员不均匀分布于7个染色体上,被分为Group1-Group3三大类群。NRAMP基因家族成员的启动子具有丰富的激素应答、分生组织表达和环境应激响应元件。转录组分析表明,沙棘NRAMP基因家族的11个成员在不同浓度的铅离子胁迫下呈现差异表达,其中8个基因在1 000 mg/kg的铅胁迫下显著下调,7个基因在高浓度铅胁迫(5 000mg/kg)下表达上调,并对选定的6个沙棘NRAMP基因进行了RT-qPCR验证。沙棘与单子叶植物小麦NRAMP基因家族的种间共线性比率高于双子叶植物拟南芥。蛋白质互作网络分析表明,沙棘NRAMP基因家族成员HrLNRAMP8可能主要通过乙烯途径调控重金属的吸收转运。【结论】在全基因组范围内从沙棘中系统鉴定得到11个HrLNRAMP家族成员。Group2亚族成员基因结构最复杂且一致性较低;所有的沙棘NRAMP成员都含有NRAMP家族特有的转运基序motif1。不同基因家族成员在铅胁迫条件下的表达具有偏好性,该基因家族通过响应重金属铅离子胁迫来调控基因表达水平,从而降低重金属胁迫带来的伤害。

沙棘提取物的生物学功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用

沙棘富含多糖类、黄酮类、鞣质、萜类、脂肪酸、维生素等活性成分,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤、保肝利胆等生物学功能,可以增强畜禽机体免疫力与抗氧化功能,改善生长性能,提高畜禽产品品质。饲粮中添加沙棘果渣、籽、叶或提取物可不同程度地提高猪、羊、奶牛和肉鸡生产性能,降低饲料成本,增加养殖经济效益,但沙棘提高畜禽生产性能的活性成分和分子机制并不明确。文章综述了沙棘的活性成分、生物学功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用,为沙棘促进畜禽生产的机制研究、生产应用与开发提供参考。