Reform and opening is, in essence, a second revolution. --- Deng Xiaoping A historic reorientation took place in 1978,when Deng Xiaoping stood out asthe chief architect of reform and opening.He started the country on ...Reform and opening is, in essence, a second revolution. --- Deng Xiaoping A historic reorientation took place in 1978,when Deng Xiaoping stood out asthe chief architect of reform and opening.He started the country on its own indus-trial restructuring.China has had dazzling annual growth of 9.7 percent(1978-展开更多
The Green Revolution of the mid-20th century transformed agriculture worldwide and has resulted in envi-ronmental challenges.A new approach,the Second Green Revolution,seeks to enhance agricultural pro-ductivity while...The Green Revolution of the mid-20th century transformed agriculture worldwide and has resulted in envi-ronmental challenges.A new approach,the Second Green Revolution,seeks to enhance agricultural pro-ductivity while minimizing negative environmental impacts.Plant microbiomes play critical roles in plant growth and stress responses,and understanding plant–microbiome interactions is essential for developing sustainable agricultural practices that meet food security and safety challenges,which are among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.This review provides a comprehensive exploration of key deterministic processes crucial for developing microbiome management strategies,including the host effect,the facilitator effect,and microbe–microbe interactions.A hierarchical framework for plant mi-crobiome modulation is proposed to bridge the gap between basic research and agricultural applications.This framework emphasizes three levels of modulation:single-strain,synthetic community,and in situ mi-crobiome modulation.Overall,rational management of plant microbiomes has wide-ranging applications in agriculture and can potentially be a core technology for the Second Green Revolution.展开更多
Gaseous nitrogen （N2） makes up 78% of the earth＇s at- mosphere; its incorporation into a wide range of biological macromolecules molecules, such as nucleic acids and amino acids, makes it an essential part of all l...Gaseous nitrogen （N2） makes up 78% of the earth＇s at- mosphere; its incorporation into a wide range of biological macromolecules molecules, such as nucleic acids and amino acids, makes it an essential part of all life on earth. However, as nitrogen gas is inert, it remains unavailable to most organisms, including plants. Thus, in order to be useful for fertilizer production, gaseous nitrogen needs first to be converted into bioavailable organic nitrogen in processes which are inefficient and rate-limiting for agricultural pro- duction. It was not until about 100 years ago that BASF were able to produce synthetic ammonia, the main ingredient for fertilizer production, on an industrial scale from pressurized air using the Haber--Bosch process. This chemical process was not only an impressive technical feat that helped Haber （1918） and Bosch （1931） earn Nobel Prizes but also enabled farmers to achieve the high yields that drive modern agriculture.展开更多
文摘Reform and opening is, in essence, a second revolution. --- Deng Xiaoping A historic reorientation took place in 1978,when Deng Xiaoping stood out asthe chief architect of reform and opening.He started the country on its own indus-trial restructuring.China has had dazzling annual growth of 9.7 percent(1978-
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos.32250015 and U21A2024)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Prov-ince (D2022503014)the Mid-Career Research Program (grant no.2020R1A2C3004237)of the National Research Foundation of the Republic of Korea for their financial support。
文摘The Green Revolution of the mid-20th century transformed agriculture worldwide and has resulted in envi-ronmental challenges.A new approach,the Second Green Revolution,seeks to enhance agricultural pro-ductivity while minimizing negative environmental impacts.Plant microbiomes play critical roles in plant growth and stress responses,and understanding plant–microbiome interactions is essential for developing sustainable agricultural practices that meet food security and safety challenges,which are among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.This review provides a comprehensive exploration of key deterministic processes crucial for developing microbiome management strategies,including the host effect,the facilitator effect,and microbe–microbe interactions.A hierarchical framework for plant mi-crobiome modulation is proposed to bridge the gap between basic research and agricultural applications.This framework emphasizes three levels of modulation:single-strain,synthetic community,and in situ mi-crobiome modulation.Overall,rational management of plant microbiomes has wide-ranging applications in agriculture and can potentially be a core technology for the Second Green Revolution.
文摘Gaseous nitrogen （N2） makes up 78% of the earth＇s at- mosphere; its incorporation into a wide range of biological macromolecules molecules, such as nucleic acids and amino acids, makes it an essential part of all life on earth. However, as nitrogen gas is inert, it remains unavailable to most organisms, including plants. Thus, in order to be useful for fertilizer production, gaseous nitrogen needs first to be converted into bioavailable organic nitrogen in processes which are inefficient and rate-limiting for agricultural pro- duction. It was not until about 100 years ago that BASF were able to produce synthetic ammonia, the main ingredient for fertilizer production, on an industrial scale from pressurized air using the Haber--Bosch process. This chemical process was not only an impressive technical feat that helped Haber （1918） and Bosch （1931） earn Nobel Prizes but also enabled farmers to achieve the high yields that drive modern agriculture.
