The health status of 18 sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt) hybrids classified to two types, collected from five areas in China, was examined by PDA method, and factors influencing seed health and relationships ...The health status of 18 sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt) hybrids classified to two types, collected from five areas in China, was examined by PDA method, and factors influencing seed health and relationships between seed health and field seedling emergence were studied. Seventeen fungal genera were isolated and Fusarium was the most frequently isolated. There were significant differences both in incidence of Fusarium and in percentage of infected seeds among 18 hybrids. Research also showed that significant and consistent differences both in seed-borne fungal taxa and in percentage of infected seeds existed between two types of sweet corn. Sugar enhanced corn is more slightly infected than super sweet corn both in fungal taxa (13 and 16, respectively) and in percentage of infected seeds (62.0 and 79.2%, respectively). There were also significant differences both in seed-borne fungal taxa and in percentage of infected seeds among five areas. Seeds from South China were most severely infected, for there were 14 fungal genera detected and the percentage of infected seeds was highly 99.1% while those from Northwest China were slightly infected, for there were 10 fungal genera detected and the percentage of infected seeds was only 14.3%. Further research showed that there were significant negative correlations both between incidence of Fusarium and percentage of field seedling emergence and between percentage of infected seeds and percentage of field seedling emergence. Percentage of field seedling emergence could be estimated by regression equations built by regression analysis.展开更多
Segmenting blurred and conglutinated bubbles in a flotation image is done using a new segmentation method based on Seed Region and Boundary Growing（SRBG）.Bright pixels located on bubble tops were extracted as the se...Segmenting blurred and conglutinated bubbles in a flotation image is done using a new segmentation method based on Seed Region and Boundary Growing（SRBG）.Bright pixels located on bubble tops were extracted as the seed regions.Seed boundaries are divided into four curves：left-top,right-top,right-bottom, and left-bottom.Bubbles are segmented from the seed boundary by moving these curves to the bubble boundaries along the corresponding directions.The SRBG method can remove noisy areas and it avoids over- and under-segmentation problems.Each bubble is segmented separately rather than segmenting the entire flotation image.The segmentation results from the SRBG method are more accurate than those from the Watershed algorithm.展开更多
夏直播棉花能够在较短生育期内获得与常规模式相当的产量,但其产量高效形成的机理及其与冠层微环境的关系仍不清楚。因此,本试验采用完全随机区组设计,设置6个种植密度(7.50株m^(–2)、8.25株m^(–2)、9.00株m^(–2)、9.75株m^(–2)、10...夏直播棉花能够在较短生育期内获得与常规模式相当的产量,但其产量高效形成的机理及其与冠层微环境的关系仍不清楚。因此,本试验采用完全随机区组设计,设置6个种植密度(7.50株m^(–2)、8.25株m^(–2)、9.00株m^(–2)、9.75株m^(–2)、10.50株m^(–2)和11.25株m^(–2)),于2022-2023年在湖北武汉进行了大田试验。采用温湿度仪记录从现蕾到拔杆期间冠层温度和湿度,冠层分析仪测定结铃期冠层不同高度光辐射强度,手工收获计产。结果表明,棉花产量随种植密度增加先升后降,其中9.75株m^(–2)最高(籽棉3246.5 kg hm^(–2)、皮棉1203.2 kg hm^(–2)), 2年平均较7.50株m^(–2)提高(15.0%和17.8%)。冠层日均温、最高温、最低温随种植密度增加而降低,而冠层相对湿度、最高湿度、最低湿度随种植密度增加而增加。冠层透光率,水平方向呈“V”型分布,棉行中间最大;垂直方向中下部(离地10^50cm)随种植密度增加而减小,上部(离地50^70cm)随种植密度增加而增大。群体叶面积指数随种植密度增加先升后降,其中9.75株m^(–2)最高,2年平均为2.6。相关分析表明,棉花产量随冠层日均温和最高温升高而降低,随冠层相对湿度和最高湿度增加而增加;随冠层中下部透光率增大而减小,随上部透光率增加而增大。综上,棉花夏直播种植模式,适当增加种植密度(9.75^11.25株m^(–2))有利于提高单位面积成铃数,改善冠层微环境,如冠层透光率70cm处85%以上,50 cm处37%^40%,30 cm处14%^16%,10 cm处9%以下,冠层温度26.5^27.0℃,冠层湿度74%^77%,从而提高棉花产量。展开更多
Rapid emergence and a vigorous growth prevent the seed tubers from infections by soil microbes and allow a rapid interception of solar radiation. In this work, the effect of the potassium phosphites (KPhi) applied to ...Rapid emergence and a vigorous growth prevent the seed tubers from infections by soil microbes and allow a rapid interception of solar radiation. In this work, the effect of the potassium phosphites (KPhi) applied to seed tubers of two potato cultivars on crop emergence and early growth was studied. Two experiments were performed under greenhouse and field conditions. Emergence of plants, leaf area, dry matter and the number of primary stems were measured in both experiments. Furthermore, mycorrhizal colonization was also measured on roots under field conditions. The application of KPhi reduced the period between planting and emergence, and increased leaf area and dry matter. The ratio between dry matter of aerials and underground organs was not affected by KPhi. Indigenous mycorrhizal colonization increased after KPhi application to seed tubers. These results confirm the benefit of the application of KPhi to seed tubers on early plant growth and suggest that their application in crop production would be advantageous.展开更多
文摘The health status of 18 sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt) hybrids classified to two types, collected from five areas in China, was examined by PDA method, and factors influencing seed health and relationships between seed health and field seedling emergence were studied. Seventeen fungal genera were isolated and Fusarium was the most frequently isolated. There were significant differences both in incidence of Fusarium and in percentage of infected seeds among 18 hybrids. Research also showed that significant and consistent differences both in seed-borne fungal taxa and in percentage of infected seeds existed between two types of sweet corn. Sugar enhanced corn is more slightly infected than super sweet corn both in fungal taxa (13 and 16, respectively) and in percentage of infected seeds (62.0 and 79.2%, respectively). There were also significant differences both in seed-borne fungal taxa and in percentage of infected seeds among five areas. Seeds from South China were most severely infected, for there were 14 fungal genera detected and the percentage of infected seeds was highly 99.1% while those from Northwest China were slightly infected, for there were 10 fungal genera detected and the percentage of infected seeds was only 14.3%. Further research showed that there were significant negative correlations both between incidence of Fusarium and percentage of field seedling emergence and between percentage of infected seeds and percentage of field seedling emergence. Percentage of field seedling emergence could be estimated by regression equations built by regression analysis.
基金supported in part by the National Science & Technology Support Plan of China(No.2009BAB48B02)
文摘Segmenting blurred and conglutinated bubbles in a flotation image is done using a new segmentation method based on Seed Region and Boundary Growing（SRBG）.Bright pixels located on bubble tops were extracted as the seed regions.Seed boundaries are divided into four curves：left-top,right-top,right-bottom, and left-bottom.Bubbles are segmented from the seed boundary by moving these curves to the bubble boundaries along the corresponding directions.The SRBG method can remove noisy areas and it avoids over- and under-segmentation problems.Each bubble is segmented separately rather than segmenting the entire flotation image.The segmentation results from the SRBG method are more accurate than those from the Watershed algorithm.
文摘夏直播棉花能够在较短生育期内获得与常规模式相当的产量,但其产量高效形成的机理及其与冠层微环境的关系仍不清楚。因此,本试验采用完全随机区组设计,设置6个种植密度(7.50株m^(–2)、8.25株m^(–2)、9.00株m^(–2)、9.75株m^(–2)、10.50株m^(–2)和11.25株m^(–2)),于2022-2023年在湖北武汉进行了大田试验。采用温湿度仪记录从现蕾到拔杆期间冠层温度和湿度,冠层分析仪测定结铃期冠层不同高度光辐射强度,手工收获计产。结果表明,棉花产量随种植密度增加先升后降,其中9.75株m^(–2)最高(籽棉3246.5 kg hm^(–2)、皮棉1203.2 kg hm^(–2)), 2年平均较7.50株m^(–2)提高(15.0%和17.8%)。冠层日均温、最高温、最低温随种植密度增加而降低,而冠层相对湿度、最高湿度、最低湿度随种植密度增加而增加。冠层透光率,水平方向呈“V”型分布,棉行中间最大;垂直方向中下部(离地10^50cm)随种植密度增加而减小,上部(离地50^70cm)随种植密度增加而增大。群体叶面积指数随种植密度增加先升后降,其中9.75株m^(–2)最高,2年平均为2.6。相关分析表明,棉花产量随冠层日均温和最高温升高而降低,随冠层相对湿度和最高湿度增加而增加;随冠层中下部透光率增大而减小,随上部透光率增加而增大。综上,棉花夏直播种植模式,适当增加种植密度(9.75^11.25株m^(–2))有利于提高单位面积成铃数,改善冠层微环境,如冠层透光率70cm处85%以上,50 cm处37%^40%,30 cm处14%^16%,10 cm处9%以下,冠层温度26.5^27.0℃,冠层湿度74%^77%,从而提高棉花产量。
文摘Rapid emergence and a vigorous growth prevent the seed tubers from infections by soil microbes and allow a rapid interception of solar radiation. In this work, the effect of the potassium phosphites (KPhi) applied to seed tubers of two potato cultivars on crop emergence and early growth was studied. Two experiments were performed under greenhouse and field conditions. Emergence of plants, leaf area, dry matter and the number of primary stems were measured in both experiments. Furthermore, mycorrhizal colonization was also measured on roots under field conditions. The application of KPhi reduced the period between planting and emergence, and increased leaf area and dry matter. The ratio between dry matter of aerials and underground organs was not affected by KPhi. Indigenous mycorrhizal colonization increased after KPhi application to seed tubers. These results confirm the benefit of the application of KPhi to seed tubers on early plant growth and suggest that their application in crop production would be advantageous.
