Performance and Safety Improvement of Induction Motors based on Testing and Evaluation Standards

The induction motor,which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy,has been recognized as the cornerstone of industrialization.The rotor of an induction motor can be either a squirrel cage rotor or a wound-type rotor,both existing as magnetless topologies.Three-phase squirrel cage induction motors are frequently utilized in industrial drives because they are dependable,have high starting torque,are selfstarting and affordable.Single-phase induction motors,on the other hand,are commonly used for small loads such as domestic appliances in form of modest fans,pumps and electric power tools.In South Africa,there have been reports of fires and explosions resulting in live and property loss because of induction motors that have not been thoroughly tested or are incorrectly labelled in terms of ratings,electrical safety and performance.The goal of this study is targeted at preventing end-user injuries and failures caused by non-compliant induction motors,by evaluating locally manufactured/imported induction motors based on tests and evaluation from standards(IEC and SANS).The study is conducted using experimental procedures at the Explosion Prevention Technology and Rotating Machines(EPT and RM)laboratory,South African Bureau of Standards(SABS),South Africa.The main finding from the study shows differences in the nameplate characteristics of various induction motors which could have detrimental effects such as production and operational downtime in their end-use industries,at later stages.

Field Load Test Based SHM System Safety Standard Determination for Rigid Frame Bridge

The deteriorated continuous rigid frame bridge is strengthened by external prestressing. Static loading tests wereconducted before and after the bridge rehabilitation to verify the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process. Thestiffness of the repaired bridge is improved, and the maximum deflection of the load test is reduced from 37.9 to27.6 mm. A bridge health monitoring system is installed after the bridge is reinforced. To achieve an easy assessmentof the bridge’s safety status by directly using transferred data, a real-time safety warning system is createdbased on a five-level safety standard. The threshold for each safety level will be determined by theoretical calculationsand the outcomes of static loading tests. The highest risk threshold will be set at the ultimate limit statevalue. The remaining levels, namely middle risk, low risk, and very low risk, will be determined usingreduction coefficients of 0.95, 0.9, and 0.8, respectively.

Analysis of Standards Establishment for the Testing of Electrical Appliances

As science and technology continue to develop,power equipment has become an indispensable part of industrial production and daily life.Whether it is the precise automation machinery utilized on production lines or the convenient electrical appliances found in households,their functionality relies heavily on electrical technology.Nonetheless,without stringent safety and performance assurances,these devices could potentially endanger lives and property.Thus,this paper explores the development strategy for establishing a standardized system within the electrical testing service industry,aiming to ensure safety and reliability.

Comparison of RFFIT Tests with Different Standard Sera and Testing Procedures

The World Health Organization （WHO） standard assay for determining antibody level is the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test （RFFIT） and is used to determine the degree of immunity after vaccination against rabies. To compare the difference in RFFIT results between the laboratories of The National Institute of Infectious Disease in Japan （NIID） and the Chinese Centre for Disease Control （CCDC） as well the influence of the choice of standard serum （STD） for the detection, the two laboratories detection methods were simultaneously manipulated by RFFIT. The reference serums used in NIID and the WHO standard serum used in CCDC were compared in the same RFFIT detection to determine the titer of four sera samples C1, Sl, S2 and S4 in parallel, and the titers of the detected sera samples were calculated using the standard formula for neutralizing antibody titer. No significant difference was found in RFFIT methods from the two laboratories and the RFFIT testing procedures of the two laboratories have good consistency. However, different titers were obtained with the tentative internal standard serum （TI-STD） produced by adjusting to 2.0 IU of WHO standard serum in NIID and the WHO STD. The titer determined with the TI-STD was higher than that determined with WHO STD, This difference appears to be significant and requires further investigation

Test Standards for Direct Steam Generating Solar Concentrators

There are a few standards reported in the literature for testing and evaluation of thermal performance of solar concentrators based on sensible heating of working fluid. The preceding standard measures only the cooking efficiency and cooking capacity. Apart from thermal efficiency, there is an imperative need for other important parameters of the solar concentrators such as its stagnation temperature, cooking capacity, cost per watts delivered, weight of the cooker, ease of handling and aesthetics. The characterization of a concentrator at its operating temperature settles appropriate size and type of concentrator for any thermal application. The performance test is conducted at Chandwad (20.3292°N, 74.2444°E), Maharashtra and the proposed protocol aims for evaluation of thermal performance of solar cooking system and standardization of reporting the test results so that anyone can easily recognize and use it.

Standardization of apple cancellation test for neglect patients in Korea:An observational study

BACKGROUND Neglect can be divided into two types using apple cancellation test(apple test):Egocentric neglect(EN)and allocentric neglect(AN).However,in South Korea,apple test results and decision criteria are still largely dependent on tests by foreign countries.AIM To establish a new South Korea standard and improve the accuracy of neglect assessment,the apple experiment was standardized in this study.METHODS This study was conducted on 223 healthy subjects for a total of 7 mo from August 2021 to February 2022.Standardization was carried out using the original apple test developed by Bickerton in 2011.In scoring for the apple test,total omission error refers to the number of missed targets(full apple)in the entire test sheet(left,middle,and right area).The score for EN is the difference between the correct number of right area and the correct number of left area(excluding the middle area).For AN,the score is difference between the number of left opening apples and number of right opening apples(including the middle area).Linear regression analysis was used for standardization using the general characteristics of subjects and the results of the apple test.RESULTS The cut-off score,which is the standard value indicating the pathological condition by combining the results of all subjects,is as follows:Total omission error(5),error for EN(2),and error for AN(2).Also,differences in cut-off score according to age were found.CONCLUSION This study will be helpful in facilitating a more accurate differential diagnosis of neglect.

Inspection and testing stressed in standards comparison and compliance action

The symposium on inspection and testing bodies in the special action on standards comparison and complianee of 10,000 enterprises of 1,000 sectors in 100 cities was held in Beijing on April 16,which was attended by more than 70 representatives from SAMR and inspection and testing bodies.

Application of Using Standard Equipment for Dental Scaler Tip Testing according to ISO 18397

The objective of this work was to study the use of standard equipment in amplitude and frequency tests of dental scaler tip according to ISO 18397.Four types of standard equipment:a laser displacement sensor,a microscope,a tachometer,and an ultrasonic frequency meter,were experimentally investigated to test a tip.The standard laser displacement sensor and the standard microscope were used to test the unloaded amplitude of the scaler tip.It was found that two types of standard equipment were able to measure the unloaded amplitude of the tip.The standard microscope was also employed for the loaded amplitude test.This test was performed by pressing the scaler tip with a load of 1 N,which was measured by a load cell set.The peak-to-peak amplitude found from the test was 116.7 m.The frequency test of the scaler tip was conducted using the standard laser displacement sensor,the tachometer and the ultrasonic frequency meter.All three types of standard equipment were found to be able to test the frequency of the tip without cooling liquid.Nevertheless,only the standard tachometer was capable of measuring the frequency of the tip with cooling liquid applied.

Overview of Standardized Testing System for ESL Students in U.S. Kindergarten Thru Grade 12 Public Schools

A comprehensive overview of standardized testing system for ESL （English as a Second Language） students in U.S kindergarten thru grade 12 public school system is reviewed within the context of basis on federal and state laws, as well as instructional basis. Identification process of LEP （Limited English Proficient） students via nomination, testing and testing criteria to be identified as LEP, hence ESL if placed in the program is defined in detail Standardized testing process of these students based on the federal AYP （Adequate Yearly Progress） measures through regular state standardized tests depending on three types of instructional program that LEP student is placed in the school that are Bilingual Education Program, ESL Program, and Two-Way Immersion Dual Language Programs are described. Standardized testing process of these students based on the federal AYP measures through other means if exempted from regular state standardized tests such as LAT （Linguistically Accommodated Testing） and the conditions to be exempted are discussed in detail. Holistically rated English Language Proficiency Assessments that are implemented to fulfill federal AMAOs （Annual Measurable Achievement Objectives） measures are defined briefly. Physical features of LAT test as well as direct and indirect accommodations for LAT reading, mathematics and science tests are defined via the accommodation needed and the type of assistance provided. Lastly, testing criteria to exit LEP status and other issues concerning exiting LEP status are reviewed

Quality and Testing Standards on Rice Production in China and Development Strategies

China is the biggest country of rice production and consumption in the world;more than 50% of the population feeds chiefly on rice. The quality of rice and its role as a staplefood carry much weight. The rice qualities are those aspects concerning processing, appearance,cooking, nutrition and safety of the product. The study, formulation and implementation of standardson rice qualities and testing bear heavily on the improving of rice qualities, human health,substitution of rice varieties, promoting quality rice production and regulating rice market.

Obtaining 2D Soil Resistance Profiles from the Integration of Electrical Resistivity Data and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) Resistance Tests—Applications in Mass Movements Studies

In Brazil and various regions globally, the initiation of landslides is frequently associated with rainfall;yet the spatial arrangement of geological structures and stratification considerably influences landslide occurrences. The multifaceted nature of these influences makes the surveillance of mass movements a highly intricate task, requiring an understanding of numerous interdependent variables. Recent years have seen an emergence in scholarly research aimed at integrating geophysical and geotechnical methodologies. The conjoint examination of geophysical and geotechnical data offers an enhanced perspective into subsurface structures. Within this work, a methodology is proposed for the synchronous analysis of electrical resistivity geophysical data and geotechnical data, specifically those extracted from the Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) and Standard Penetration Test (SPT). This study involved a linear fitting process to correlate resistivity with N10/SPT N-values from DPL/SPT soundings, culminating in a 2D profile of N10/SPT N-values predicated on electrical profiles. The findings of this research furnish invaluable insights into slope stability by allowing for a two-dimensional representation of penetration resistance properties. Through the synthesis of geophysical and geotechnical data, this project aims to augment the comprehension of subsurface conditions, with potential implications for refining landslide risk evaluations. This endeavor offers insight into the formulation of more effective and precise slope management protocols and disaster prevention strategies.

Preparation Process and Quality Standard of Rougan Huaxian Ointment

[Objectives] To establish the preparation process and quality standard of Rougan Huaxian ointment.[Methods] The L 9(3 4) orthogonal test was employed to optimize the preparation process by considering the multiplication of water addition, extraction time, and extraction frequency as influencing factors. The dry paste yield was utilized as the evaluation criterion, in conjunction with the actual production conditions. Thin layer chromatography was employed to identify Radix Astragali, Lycii Fructus, Herba Dendrobii, and Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati. Ethanol served as the solvent for the determination of ethanol-soluble extractives using the cold immersion method.[Results] The preparation process was conducted as follows: the specified quantity of medicinal materials was combined with water for extraction purposes, performed in two separate stages. In each stage, eight times the amount of water was added. The first extraction lasted for 1.5 h, while the second extraction was completed in 1.0 h. The resulting liquid was then concentrated into a thick paste with a relative density ranging from 1.25 to 1.30 at a temperature of 60 ℃. The thin-layer chromatography analysis of Radix Astragali, Lycii Fructus, Herba Dendrobii, and Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati demonstrated distinct spots, effective separation, and the absence of interference from negative samples. Additionally, the ethanol-soluble extractives yielded a minimum of 8.0% in terms of dry weight.[Conclusions] The preparation process for Rougan Huaxian ointment is both stable and feasible. Furthermore, the quality standards established for this preparation are unique and reproducible, thereby facilitating effective quality control.

面向抗震韧性评价的型钢混凝土柱易损性函数

为满足型钢混凝土(steel reinforced concrete,SRC)结构地震损失评估及抗震韧性评价的需求,建立SRC柱构件的地震易损性函数十分关键。本文首先基于文献调研,结合JGJ 138—2016《组合结构设计规范》,从国内外文献中筛选了227榀拟静力循环加载的SRC柱,建立标准化的SRC柱试验数据库。其次,考虑失效模式的差异性,将构件分为延性SRC柱和偏脆性SRC柱,并给出了不同类别的构件损伤等级划分标准及对应的修复方法。然后,以位移角为工程需求参数,分别提取了各构件对应不同损伤等级的位移角限值,采用FEMA P-58方法,建立了不同类别的SRC柱在各损伤等级下的易损性函数。最后,给出了与GB/T 38591—2020《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》相容的易损性函数参数表,并分析了抗震等级和轴压比对SRC柱易损性函数参数及易损性曲线的影响。最终,通过分析一幢型钢混凝土框架结构办公楼的抗震韧性,说明了所提出的易损性函数在抗震韧性评价中的作用。

Optimization on Identification Standards and Artificial Inoculation Methods In Vitro on Resistance to Chrysanthemum White Rust

[Objective] This research aimed at exploring an effective way for inoculation and identification of chrysanthemum white rust under controlled conditions. [Method] By combining the observation methods with the naked eye and under optical microscope, we had established the identification standards for chrysanthemum white rust with six classifications and optimized artificial inoculation methods in vitro. [Result] The results showed that bottled cuttings identification method and petri dished leaves identification method both can be used for identification in vitro of chrysanthemum white rust, bottled cuttings identification method had shown better effects than petri dished leaves identification method, and was supposed to be best artificial inoculation and identification method in vitro. [Conclusion] This research had provided a scientific method for safe and effective researches on chrysanthemum white rust, in order to control the occurrence and diffusion of this quarantine disease.

全程曲线拟合法和Aquifertest水文地质求参

抽水试验是获取含水层水文地质参数的主要方法,求参结果直接影响对调查区水文地质条件的认识和地下水开发利用。传统求参方法存在主观影响大、求参时间长、易受外界影响和抽水阶段数据的不足等问题。通过全程曲线拟合法和Aquifertest软件分别从配线法和水位恢复法两个角度进行求参,并结合全程曲线拟合法确定最终取值。结果表明,采用Aquifertest软件求参便捷、准确,与水位恢复法求参结果的差异相对较小,全程曲线拟合法求参值具有唯一性和可靠性,多种方法结合求参能更真实反映水文地质情况。

Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力表用于儿童视力测定的比较

【目的】比较一种计算机视力测试软件Autoacuity Test和标准对数视力表之间的一致性和重复性,初步探讨Autoacuity Test临床应用的可行性。【方法】对41名视功能正常儿童[(8.4±1.8)岁]和25名弱视儿童[(8.0±2.2)岁]分别使用标准对数视力表和Autoacuity Test两种方法进行视力测试。30min后重新对其进行测试。以Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力表检查结果的一致性限度的评价其准确性,以测试-再测试的重复系数及配对t检验评价其重复性。【结果】视功能正常儿童的Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力间的一致性限度为0.16对数单位;弱视儿童为0.31对数单位。正常儿童两种方法各自的测试-再测试结果间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。弱视儿童标准对数视力表测试-再测试结果间差异无统计学意义,Autoacuity再次测试视力检查结果较初次测试有所提高(P<0.05)。【结论】Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力表两种检查方法在视功能正常儿童中一致性较好,在弱视儿童中一致性稍差,两者重复性相近。Autoacuity是一种可取的儿童视力测试方法。

2016版OEKO-TEX Standard 100标准的变化

纺织品的生态测试已经成为化学安全控制的必然趋势,为了了解纺织品最新的环保测试要求,必须不断跟进并掌握国际生态纺织品的发展动态。Okeo-Tex 100在2016年1月发布了最新版本,与2015年版本相比,有了多处修改,对其做了全面的分析。

文献A Successful Strategy for Satellite Development and Testing点评

文章对美国在1998-2002年执行"快,好,省"采购改革方案期间航天器故障率上升146%的3个原因进行了分析与点评。这3个原因包括:对标准、规范严格遵循的意识下降;航天元器件复合度激增;系统工程管理失控。文章对抑制故障率上升的对策进行归纳,其中最重要的一条是:卫星研制工作必须严谨,一丝不苟地按照相关标准进行(环境)试验。

Interpretation of Key Concepts in Language Testing: Validity, Validation and Reliability

Language testing is an important link in language teaching,in this paper,the two important criteria of language test the reliability and validity has carried on the detailed elaboration,in order to a language teacher proposition and evaluation test more scientific.