Comparative authentication of Semiliquidambar cathayensis and its substituted species via macroscopic and microscopic features

Objective:Ban Fenghe recorded in the Quality Standard of Yao Medicine of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Volume 1)is derived from the dried stems and leaves of Semiliquidambar cathayensis.It is usually confused with medicinal herbs from Pterospermum heterophyllum and Dendropanax dentiger.However,they are very different in chemical composition,and should not be used as the same drug.To ensure their safety and efficacy,a method based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics was developed to distinguish them.Methods:A total of 14 batches of Ban Fenghe samples from three species were collected from different producing areas in China.The macroscopic characteristics were examined by observing external traits.The tissue structures of transverse sections of stems and leaves,the leaf epidermis,and the powder were observed microscopically.Results:The branchlets and leaf surfaces of S.cathayensis and P.heterophyllum were hairy,especially the lower leaf surfaces of P.heterophyllum were densely covered with hairs,but those of D.dentiger were hairless.The pericyclic fibers of S.cathayensis stems were intermittently distributed in a circular shape and accompanied by stone cells,whereas those of P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger were bundled without stone cells.So stone cells and hairs were present in S.cathayensis powder,stone cells were not found in P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger powder,and hairs were not present in D.dentiger powder.The distribution sites,sizes and types of secretory tissues of these three species were also different in transverse sections of stems and leaves.Stomata on the lower epidermis of S.cathayensis leaves were paracytic,whereas those of P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger were anomocytic.Conclusion:Ban Fenghe drugs derived from S.cathayensis could readily be distinguished from those of P.heterophyllum and D.dentiger by macroscopic and microscopic features.

四川省国家Ⅱ级保护植物新记录-半枫荷

报道了四川省金缕梅科植物新纪录种半枫荷,该植物为国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生植物,同时半枫荷属也是四川省新纪录属。这一新发现,进一步丰富了四川省的生物多样性资料,也为华西雨屏带与云贵高原的植物区系联系提供了新资料。

贵州半枫荷濒危成因分析

通过对贵州省半枫荷野生资源的详实调查,从生物学特性、繁殖特性、生境状况和人为因素等几方面分析了导致处于濒危状态的原因。

2种叶型半枫荷幼苗光合及生长特性的比较

具“异形叶性”的珍稀濒危植物半枫荷(Semiliquidambar cathayensis H.T.Chang)有初生叶为叉状裂叶和全缘叶2种叶型的幼苗,通过盆栽试验对不同叶型半枫荷幼苗的光合生理、生长发育和生物量积累特性进行了比较研究,以为其良种选育提供指导。结果表明:除叶绿素a/b差异不显著外,叉状裂叶型幼苗的瞬时光合速率、比叶面积、总叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量以及总叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量的比值均显著高于全缘叶型。2种叶型幼苗的地上形态参数差异显著,其中叉状裂叶型幼苗的苗高、地径、冠幅、叶片数和分枝数均显著大于全缘叶型,但2种叶型幼苗的生长动态曲线均呈基本一致的变化趋势。2种叶型幼苗的生物量及其分配参数均差异显著,其中叉状裂叶型幼苗的各部分生物量、总生物量、根生物量比和冠根比均显著大于全缘叶型。总体而言,叉状裂叶型半枫荷幼苗光合能力更强,更为高大、粗壮,根系发达,有利于移栽后的成活与生长。