This paper describes results of the fluxes of momentum , sensible heat and latent heat for the West Pacific Tropical Ocean Area ( 127 ° E - 150 ° E , 5 ° N -3 ° S ). The data were collected by the ...This paper describes results of the fluxes of momentum , sensible heat and latent heat for the West Pacific Tropical Ocean Area ( 127 ° E - 150 ° E , 5 ° N -3 ° S ). The data were collected by the small tethered balloon sounding system over this ocean area including 6 continuous stations (140 ° E. 0 ° ; 145 ° E, 0 ° ; 150 ° E, 0 ° ; 140° E, 5 ° N; 145 ° E, 5° N and 150 ° E, 5 ° N) from 11 October to 15 December, 1986 . These fluxes were calculated by the semiempirical flux-profile relationships of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory using these observed data. The results show that for this tropical ocean area the drag coefficient CD is equal to (1.53 ± 0.25) × 10 3 and the daily mean latent flux Hl is greater than its daily mean sensible flux HV by a factor of about 9.展开更多
The gradient of CO_2 concentration, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). net radiation. soil heat flux, profiles of wind speed, and air temperature and humidity were measured above a wheat field during May and J...The gradient of CO_2 concentration, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). net radiation. soil heat flux, profiles of wind speed, and air temperature and humidity were measured above a wheat field during May and June 1985 at Beijing Agro-Ecosystems Experimental Station. Beijing, China. Fluxes of carbon dioxide, sensible heat, latent heat and momentum were calculated by using the aerodynamic method. The observation site. equipment, calibration techniques, the errors associated with the measurement, and the computational procedures are described. The results show that the diurnal variations of amplitude of CO_2 concentrations were 103.8 to 27. 0. 86. 3 to 22.8 and 69.8 to 11.6 ppm: the average CO_2 concentrations were 331.5. 339.9 and 364.6 ppm for the photosynthesis type, and 369.6. 364.0 and 375.2 ppm for the respiration type at 1. 2 and 10 m above surface, respectively, from May 14 to June 15. In the daytime, transfer direction of the CO_2 fluxes and gradients is from air to crop canopy, and at noon (1100 to 1300 BT (Beijing Time)) the transfer rate reaches negative maximum value. At night, transfer of CO_2 fluxes and gradients is in the reversed direction and reaches positive maximum in the early morning (0400 to 0600 BT). There are strong negative correlations between CO_2 flux and the net radiation (Rn), available energy (H+LE). photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and momentum flux (τ).展开更多
文摘This paper describes results of the fluxes of momentum , sensible heat and latent heat for the West Pacific Tropical Ocean Area ( 127 ° E - 150 ° E , 5 ° N -3 ° S ). The data were collected by the small tethered balloon sounding system over this ocean area including 6 continuous stations (140 ° E. 0 ° ; 145 ° E, 0 ° ; 150 ° E, 0 ° ; 140° E, 5 ° N; 145 ° E, 5° N and 150 ° E, 5 ° N) from 11 October to 15 December, 1986 . These fluxes were calculated by the semiempirical flux-profile relationships of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory using these observed data. The results show that for this tropical ocean area the drag coefficient CD is equal to (1.53 ± 0.25) × 10 3 and the daily mean latent flux Hl is greater than its daily mean sensible flux HV by a factor of about 9.
文摘The gradient of CO_2 concentration, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). net radiation. soil heat flux, profiles of wind speed, and air temperature and humidity were measured above a wheat field during May and June 1985 at Beijing Agro-Ecosystems Experimental Station. Beijing, China. Fluxes of carbon dioxide, sensible heat, latent heat and momentum were calculated by using the aerodynamic method. The observation site. equipment, calibration techniques, the errors associated with the measurement, and the computational procedures are described. The results show that the diurnal variations of amplitude of CO_2 concentrations were 103.8 to 27. 0. 86. 3 to 22.8 and 69.8 to 11.6 ppm: the average CO_2 concentrations were 331.5. 339.9 and 364.6 ppm for the photosynthesis type, and 369.6. 364.0 and 375.2 ppm for the respiration type at 1. 2 and 10 m above surface, respectively, from May 14 to June 15. In the daytime, transfer direction of the CO_2 fluxes and gradients is from air to crop canopy, and at noon (1100 to 1300 BT (Beijing Time)) the transfer rate reaches negative maximum value. At night, transfer of CO_2 fluxes and gradients is in the reversed direction and reaches positive maximum in the early morning (0400 to 0600 BT). There are strong negative correlations between CO_2 flux and the net radiation (Rn), available energy (H+LE). photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and momentum flux (τ).
