Combined process of sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process and constructed wetland for domestic wastewater treatment

By combining sequencing batch reactor (SBR) activated sludge process and constructed wetland (CW), this study is to achieve the domestic wastewater treatment. Our purpose was to determine the optimum operating parameters of the combined process. The process involved advantages and shortages of SBR and CW. Under normal temperature, the 3rd cycle (SBR’s operation cycle is 8 h: inflow for 1 h, limited aeration for 3 h, sediment for 1 h, outflow for 1 h, and idling for 2 h; CW’s hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 24.8 h and hydraulic loading is 24.5 m3/m2 d) was the best cyclic mode. The effluents can meet the standard GB/T18921-2002: "The reuse of urban recycling water: water quality standard for scenic environment use". In the 3rd cycle, the efficiency of CW was the maximum, and energy consumption of SBR was the minimum. Under the condition of low dissolved oxygen, the removing efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia was not affected obviously. Simultaneously, nitrification and denitrification phenomena occured and phosphorus was absorbed obviously.

Production of Poly-b-hydroxybutyrate by Activated Sludge in Sequencing Batch Reactor under Aerobic Conditions

In order to improve poly-β-hydroxybutyrate（PHB） production in activated sludge, the anaerobic/aerobic alternative operating sequencing batch reactor（SBR） process was applied in this paper to accumulate PHB. Effects of nutritional conditions and carbon concentration on PHB accumulation were studied. Results indicated that PHB accumulation reached the highest level and accounted for 11.2 % under anaerobic condition for phosphate limitation and 20.84 % under aerobic condition for nitrogen and phosphate limitation of mixed liquor suspended solid（MLSS）, respectively. In addition, 4 g/L was proved to be the optimum carbon concentration in both anaerobic and aerobic experiments, and the PHB accumulation reached 17.1 %（anaerobic, phosphorus limitation） and 60.4 %（aerobic, nitrogen and phosphorus limitation） of MLSS, respectively. PHB could be successfully extracted with sodium hypochlorite and chloroform method from the activated sludge. In addition, the infrared spectrum showed that the PHB sample extracted was of high purity.

Effect of high-strength ammonia nitrogen acclimation on sludge activity in sequencing batch reactor

The effect of high-strength ammonia nitrogen acclimation on sludge activity in sequencing batch reactor （SBR） was investigated. Two batch experiments, RUN1 and RUN2, were conducted with the influent ammonia nitrogen concentrations 60 and 500 mg/L, respectively. The sludges inoculated from RUN1 and RUN2 were used to treat a series of influent with ammonia nitrogen concentrations of 59, 232, 368, 604 and 1152 mg/L. It is found that the activated sludge acclimated to higher ammonia nitrogen concentrations revealed higher COD and NH 4 ＋ -N removal efficiencies, and slower DHA decrease. The results confirmed that the activities of the bacteria in activated sludge in SBR were inhibited by high-strength ammonia nitrogen, whereas the activated sludge acclimated to high-strength ammonia nitrogen showed substantial resistance to inhibition by influents containing high levels of ammonia nitrogen.

城市污水处理不同序批式活性污泥法的工艺特点和功能差异分析

城市污水处理是保障城市环境卫生和健康的重要环节,而序批式活性污泥法作为一种常用的污水处理技术,具有灵活、高效、适应性强的特点。然而,不同的序批式活性污泥法在工艺特点、功能差异、优缺点以及应用场景上存在差异。因此,对这些技术进行深入研究和比较,对于选择适合的污水处理工艺具有重要意义。

Effects of activated sludge flocs and pellets seeds on aerobic granule properties

Aerobic granules seeded with activated sludge flocs and pellets （obtained from activated sludge flocs） were cultivated in two sequencing batch reactors and their characteristics were compared. Compared with granules seeded with activated sludge flocs, those seeded with pellets had shorter start-up time, larger diameter, better chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency, and higher hydrophobicity, suspended solid concentration, and Mg 2＋ content. The different inocula led the granule surface with different microbial morphologies, but did not result in different distribution patterns of extracellular polymeric substances and cells. The anaerobic bacterium Anoxybacillus sp. was detected in the granules seeded with pellets. These results highlighted the advantage of pellet over activated sludge floc as the seed for aerobic granulation and wastewater treatment.

Biological removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions

Selenium (Se)-containing industrial wastewater is often coupled with notable salinity. However, limited studies have examined biological treatment of Se-containing wastewater under high salinity conditions. In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with activated sludge was applied to treat selenate in synthetic saline wastewater (3% w/v NaCl) supplemented with lactate as the carbon source. Start-up of the SBR was performed with addition of 1–5 mM of selenate under oxygen-limiting conditions, which succeeded in removing more than 99% of the soluble Se. Then, the treatment of 1 mM Se with cycle duration of 3 days was carried out under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions by adding aeration period after oxygen-limiting period. Although the SBR maintained soluble Se removal of above 97%, considerable amount of solid Se remained in the effluent as suspended solids and total Se removal fluctuated between about 40 and 80%. Surprisingly, the mass balance calculation found a considerable decrease of Se accumulated in the SBR when the aeration period was prolonged to 7 h, indicating very efficient Se biovolatilization. Furthermore, microbial community analysis suggested that various Se-reducing bacteria coordinately contributed to the removal of Se in the SBR and main contributors varied depending on the operational conditions. This study will offer implications for practical biological treatment of selenium in saline wastewater.

梯度进水对好氧颗粒污泥特性及番茄酱废水去除性能的影响

新疆番茄酱生产过程中产生的废水具有浓度高、处理难度大、易污染地表水等特点,研究降解该废水处理技术具有重要意义。在室温下接种絮体污泥于间歇式活性污泥反应器(SBR)R1和R2中,以人工配制番茄酱废水为进水基质,采用阶梯式进水COD浓度方式培养好氧颗粒污泥(AGS),探究进水COD浓度变化对AGS形态、污泥理化特性及除污效能的影响。结果表明:梯度进水COD浓度固定为350 mg/L,R1和R2中污泥完全颗粒化后,颗粒粒径分别为780μm和1060μm;R1、R2对番茄酱废水中COD、NH_(3)-N、TN和PO_(4)^(3-)-P平均去除率分别为95.2%、96.03%、85%、92.07%和93%、89.54%、78%、89%。进水COD浓度为346~750、750~900、900~1200 mg/L时,颗粒形态由丝状菌骨架、孔洞结构和块状聚集体构成。氨氧化菌(AOB)和硝化菌(NOB)主要存在于小粒径AGS的外层和次外层,聚磷菌(PAOs)和聚糖菌(GAOs)主要存在于反应器底部的大颗粒污泥中。在梯度进水COD浓度不变下,高浓度的进水COD有助于AGS的快速形成及富集脱氮除磷的微生物菌群,提高了系统脱氮除磷的性能。

pH值对猪场养殖废水常温短程硝化特性的影响

为实现高氨氮猪场养殖废水高效脱氮处理,针对猪场废水中尿素(主要源于猪尿液)水解过程伴随着污水pH值的变化现象,采用序列间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)处理某猪场养殖废水,在常温(20℃)、非限制溶解氧的条件下,考察了pH值、曝气时间等因素对氨氮去除效果和短程硝化特性的影响。实验结果表明,pH值在7.0～9.5范围内亚硝酸盐积累率在75%～80%之间;长时间曝气并未对短程硝化造成影响;高质量浓度氨氮废水生物处理过程中,亚硝酸盐积累与进水pH值、游离氨(FA)及游离亚硝酸(FNA)有关。

SBBR挂膜前活性污泥培养与驯化的研究

在序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)挂膜前驯化活性污泥对养猪场废水进行生物降解实验。结果表明,在驯化期结束时,COD和NH3-N的去除率分别达到85%和74%。对驯化过程中出现的污泥膨胀、上浮、泡沫等异常现象进行了分析,并提出了相应的解决措施。

通过控制泥龄实现亚硝酸盐型同步硝化反硝化

采用序批式活性污泥法处理人工配制的城市生活污水,通过控制泥龄成功地实现了亚硝酸盐型同步硝化反硝化,曝气过程中NO-2-N/NOx--N值始终保持在84.48%以上,曝气结束时大约有80.39%的氨氮通过同步硝化反硝化途径被去除。在适宜的曝气量下,利用排泥的方法控制反应器内适宜的泥龄,可以实现稳定的亚硝酸盐型同步硝化反硝化。

Fenton试剂氧化—SBR工艺处理阿莫西林制药废水生化处理出水

采用Fenton试剂氧化—SBR工艺处理阿莫西林制药废水生化处理出水。实验结果表明:当初始废水pH为3.0、H2O2加入量为10 mL/L、V(H2O2):m(FeSO4.7H2O)为5(mL):1(g)、Fenton试剂氧化反应时间为3 h时,Fenton试剂氧化COD去除率达72.25%,色度由100倍降为2倍,BOD5/COD由0.06提高到0.38,可生化性显著提高。经Fenton试剂氧化—SBR工艺处理后,出水COD为72.7 mg/L,达到国家排放标准。

SBBR法处理高盐废水

通过逐步提高盐度的方法驯化出耐高盐的活性污泥,采用序批式生物膜法（SBBR）进行模拟高盐废水的处理试验,对盐度为0和2%,COD为300 mg/L的高盐废水进行研究。结果表明,在每周期12 h、曝气量0.6 L/min、平均污泥质量浓度2 000～3 500 mg/L、污泥龄为18 d条件下,出水COD去除率变化不大,分别为97%和93%,而相应的出水NH4＋-N去除率从93%降低到72%,表明废水盐度增大,对系统的硝化能力有较大影响。改变进水有机负荷对出水COD去除影响不大,该系统耐有机负荷冲击能力较强。

DO对同步硝化反硝化协同除磷的影响

采用序批式活性污泥反应器（SBR）处理模拟城市污水，在厌氧一好氧运行方式下，考察了DO对同步硝化反硝化协同除磷效果的影响。结果表明，DO的变化对该系统中有机物的去除影响不显著，当DO为1．5～2．0mg／L时，TN及TP去除率均能达到90％以上，并可以应用pH曲线拐点来判断系统硝化过程是否完成。

颗粒活性炭对SBR反应器中好氧颗粒污泥培养的影响研究

好氧颗粒污泥培养耗时长已经成为限制其广泛应用的重要因素之一,依据"晶核假说"原理,在反应器中投加惰性核可以加快污泥好氧颗粒化进程.为了研究颗粒活性炭对于污泥好氧颗粒化进程的影响,在SBR反应器启动初期投加颗粒活性炭(SBR有效体积的1%,平均粒径为0.1—0.3mm)作为诱导核,采用扫描电镜和细菌凋亡荧光染色来表征好氧颗粒污泥.结果表明,颗粒活性炭有利于好氧颗粒污泥的形成,运行20d即获得了成熟的好氧颗粒污泥.扫描电镜结果显示,成熟的好氧颗粒污泥结构密实,微生物种类较为丰富.好氧颗粒污泥细菌凋亡荧光染色结果表明死细菌分布较为均匀,但活细菌多位于外层;胞外多聚物多重荧光染色表明蛋白质和多糖(α-吡喃葡萄糖、α-甘露糖和β-D-吡喃葡萄糖)等物质在好氧颗粒污泥内部分布较为均匀,虽然含量接近,但β-D-吡喃葡萄糖含量最多.本研究表明,在反应器中投加颗粒活性炭可以促进好氧颗粒污泥的形成.

序批式反应器工艺的研究进展

回顾了序批式反应器(SBR)技术的发展历史,介绍了近20年来国内外SBR技术研究与应用的新发展,着重分析了其基本原理、技术优势和不足之处,指出SBR技术是一项极具竞争力的废水生物处理技术。

SBR磁化生物工艺处理生活污水

为了缩短活性污泥在SBR反应器中的沉淀时间,提高单位体积活性污泥的有机负荷率,对传统SBR法处理工艺进行了改进.采用向SBR反应器中投加纳米磁粉人工磁化微生物絮体的新型生物法来处理生活污水,并运用磁分离技术对经过磁化并吸附了有机物的污泥絮体进行沉降分离.小试试验研究了曝气时间、沉淀时间、最佳磁粉投量以及磁粉失效时间对处理效果的影响,同时确定了工艺的最佳运行参数.结果表明,磁性生物絮凝泥水混合液在磁分离器中能快速分离,磁场和磁粉强化了菌胶团的活性,提高了废水处理效果,采用最佳方式运行时,COD、BOD5的去除率分别可达95%以上,出水水质优于国家一级排放标准.

序批式活性污泥法(SBR)

综合论述了序批式活性污泥法 (SBR)的工作原理和特点 ,介绍了

Fenton氧化—混凝—SBR工艺处理糠醛废水

采用Fenton氧化－混凝－SBR工艺处理糠醛废水。实验结果表明：Fenton氧化－混凝预处理糠醛废水时，在废水中硫酸亚铁和过氧化氢浓度分别为57．60mmol／L和5．22mol／L、pH为2—3的条件下，废水处理后COD可达500mg／L以下；再经SBR工艺处理，水力停留时间为18h，最终出水COD去除率可达99．67％。

声化学氧化－间歇式活性污泥法处理染料废水的研究

介绍了声化学氧化反应机理。采用声化学氧化法作预处理，可使生物难降解的靛兰染料废水的ＢＯＤ＿５／ＣＯＤ由０．２１—０．２３提高到０．４４—０．５１，再经间歇式活性污泥法处理后，各项水质指标均符合ＧＢ８９７８—８８《污水综合排放标准》。

SBR工艺研究进展

近年来,间歇式活性污泥法由于其工艺简单、运行灵活、基建和运行费用低,已成为国内外竞相研究和开发的热门污水生物处理工艺。在阐述了SBR反应器的工艺特点及计算的基础上,对近年来其主要的变形工艺(ICEAS,CAST,IDEA,DAT-IAT,UNITANK等)和其他新型SBR工艺的发展进行了综述。同时指出随着对该工艺的研究和开发,它必将成为一种很有竞争力的污水处理工艺,拥有良好的发展前景。