Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is a common infectious disease that usually affects children less than 5 years of age.HFMD is caused by human enteroviruses(HEVs).HEVs,members of the Enterovirus genus of the Picornavi...Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is a common infectious disease that usually affects children less than 5 years of age.HFMD is caused by human enteroviruses(HEVs).HEVs,members of the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae(small RNA virus)family.展开更多
The International Consultation on Urological Disease have recently published comprehensive conclusions, based on evidence reviewed by eight committees, on aspects of male lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS). In this re...The International Consultation on Urological Disease have recently published comprehensive conclusions, based on evidence reviewed by eight committees, on aspects of male lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS). In this review, we summarise the conclusions from fourof the committees, namely, the evidence regarding the epidemiology of male LUTS, patient assessment, nocturia and medical management. It is indisputable that with an expanding and ageing global population the prevalence of male LUTS is likely to increase. Therefore symptom prevention and preservation of quality of life(Qo L) feature highly in the guidelines. There are now a number of different medical options, proven to lead to significant improvements in symptom scores, flow rate and Qo L available to men with LUTS. Metaanalyses have shown the benefits for alpha blockers, antimuscarinics, 5-α reductase and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. High level evidence also exists for combinations of all of the above with alpha blockers and so men with concomitant storage symptoms, prostate volume > 30 mL, PSA > 1.4 or erectile dysfunction may be considered for combination treatment of an alpha blocker with an antimuscarinic, 5-α reductase inhibitor or phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor respectively. In an era of personalised medicine, appropriate patient selection is likely to provide the key to the most effective clinical management strategy.展开更多
Objective To investigate the incidence rate and short-term mortality rate of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)in Nantong,Jiangsu Province.Methods The data of newly diagnosed ACLF cases from six public hospitals in ...Objective To investigate the incidence rate and short-term mortality rate of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)in Nantong,Jiangsu Province.Methods The data of newly diagnosed ACLF cases from six public hospitals in Nantong city between January 1,2005 and December 31,2014 were collected.The diagnosis was made according to the criteria suggested by Chinese Society展开更多
In this paper we present a deterministic transmission dynamic compartmental model for the spread of the novel coronavirus on a college campus for the purpose of analyzing strategies to mitigate an outbreak.The goal of...In this paper we present a deterministic transmission dynamic compartmental model for the spread of the novel coronavirus on a college campus for the purpose of analyzing strategies to mitigate an outbreak.The goal of this project is to determine and compare the utility of certain containment strategies including gateway testing,surveillance testing,and contact tracing as well as individual level control measures such as mask wearing and social distancing.We modify a standard SEIR-type model to reflect what is currently known about COVID-19.We also modify the model to reflect the population present on a college campus,separating it into students and faculty.This is done in order to capture the expected different contact rates between groups as well as the expected difference in outcomes based on age known for COVID-19.We aim to provide insight into which strategies are most effective,rather than predict exact numbers of infections.We analyze effectiveness by looking at relative changes in the total number of cases as well as the effect a measure has on the estimated basic reproductive number.We find that the total number of infections is most sensitive to parameters relating to student behaviors.We also find that contact tracing can be an effective control strategy when surveillance testing is unavailable.Lastly,we validate the model using data from Villanova University's online COVID-19 Dashboard from Fall 2020 and find good agreement between model and data when superspreader events are incorporated in the model as shocks to the number of infected individuals approximately two weeks after each superspreader event.展开更多
This study presents a mathematical model for optimal vaccination strategies in interconnected metropolitan areas,considering commuting patterns.It is a compartmental model with a vaccination rate for each city,acting ...This study presents a mathematical model for optimal vaccination strategies in interconnected metropolitan areas,considering commuting patterns.It is a compartmental model with a vaccination rate for each city,acting as a control function.The commuting patterns are incorporated through a weighted adjacency matrix and a parameter that selects day and night periods.The optimal control problem is formulated to minimize a functional cost that balances the number of hospitalizations and vaccines,including restrictions of a weekly availability cap and an application capacity of vaccines per unit of time.The key findings of this work are bounds for the basic reproduction number,particularly in the case of a metropolitan area,and the study of the optimal control problem.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations provide insights into disease dynamics and the effectiveness of control measures.The research highlights the importance of prioritizing vaccination in the capital to better control the disease spread,as we depicted in our numerical simulations.This model serves as a tool to improve resource allocation in epidemic control across metropolitan regions.展开更多
基金supported by the Chinese National Science and Technology Major Project [2017ZX10104001]Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation [NO.2016J01350]the Department of Science and Technology,Fujian Province [NO.2016Y0011]
文摘Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is a common infectious disease that usually affects children less than 5 years of age.HFMD is caused by human enteroviruses(HEVs).HEVs,members of the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae(small RNA virus)family.
文摘The International Consultation on Urological Disease have recently published comprehensive conclusions, based on evidence reviewed by eight committees, on aspects of male lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS). In this review, we summarise the conclusions from fourof the committees, namely, the evidence regarding the epidemiology of male LUTS, patient assessment, nocturia and medical management. It is indisputable that with an expanding and ageing global population the prevalence of male LUTS is likely to increase. Therefore symptom prevention and preservation of quality of life(Qo L) feature highly in the guidelines. There are now a number of different medical options, proven to lead to significant improvements in symptom scores, flow rate and Qo L available to men with LUTS. Metaanalyses have shown the benefits for alpha blockers, antimuscarinics, 5-α reductase and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. High level evidence also exists for combinations of all of the above with alpha blockers and so men with concomitant storage symptoms, prostate volume > 30 mL, PSA > 1.4 or erectile dysfunction may be considered for combination treatment of an alpha blocker with an antimuscarinic, 5-α reductase inhibitor or phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor respectively. In an era of personalised medicine, appropriate patient selection is likely to provide the key to the most effective clinical management strategy.
文摘Objective To investigate the incidence rate and short-term mortality rate of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)in Nantong,Jiangsu Province.Methods The data of newly diagnosed ACLF cases from six public hospitals in Nantong city between January 1,2005 and December 31,2014 were collected.The diagnosis was made according to the criteria suggested by Chinese Society
基金This work received funding from Villanova University's Falvey Memorial Library Scholarship Open Access Reserve(SOAR)Fund.
文摘In this paper we present a deterministic transmission dynamic compartmental model for the spread of the novel coronavirus on a college campus for the purpose of analyzing strategies to mitigate an outbreak.The goal of this project is to determine and compare the utility of certain containment strategies including gateway testing,surveillance testing,and contact tracing as well as individual level control measures such as mask wearing and social distancing.We modify a standard SEIR-type model to reflect what is currently known about COVID-19.We also modify the model to reflect the population present on a college campus,separating it into students and faculty.This is done in order to capture the expected different contact rates between groups as well as the expected difference in outcomes based on age known for COVID-19.We aim to provide insight into which strategies are most effective,rather than predict exact numbers of infections.We analyze effectiveness by looking at relative changes in the total number of cases as well as the effect a measure has on the estimated basic reproductive number.We find that the total number of infections is most sensitive to parameters relating to student behaviors.We also find that contact tracing can be an effective control strategy when surveillance testing is unavailable.Lastly,we validate the model using data from Villanova University's online COVID-19 Dashboard from Fall 2020 and find good agreement between model and data when superspreader events are incorporated in the model as shocks to the number of infected individuals approximately two weeks after each superspreader event.
基金the financial support from the School of Applied Mathematics(FGV EMAp),and Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(FAPERJ)for the funding through process E-26/203.223/2017the financial support of CNPq(Brazil)through process 310452/2019-8.
文摘This study presents a mathematical model for optimal vaccination strategies in interconnected metropolitan areas,considering commuting patterns.It is a compartmental model with a vaccination rate for each city,acting as a control function.The commuting patterns are incorporated through a weighted adjacency matrix and a parameter that selects day and night periods.The optimal control problem is formulated to minimize a functional cost that balances the number of hospitalizations and vaccines,including restrictions of a weekly availability cap and an application capacity of vaccines per unit of time.The key findings of this work are bounds for the basic reproduction number,particularly in the case of a metropolitan area,and the study of the optimal control problem.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations provide insights into disease dynamics and the effectiveness of control measures.The research highlights the importance of prioritizing vaccination in the capital to better control the disease spread,as we depicted in our numerical simulations.This model serves as a tool to improve resource allocation in epidemic control across metropolitan regions.
