Diagnostic efficacy of virtual organ computer-assisted analysis in measuring the volume ratio of subchorionic hematoma with serum progesterone

BACKGROUND Subchorionic hematoma(SCH)is a common complication in early pregnancy characterized by the accumulation of blood between the uterine wall and the chorionic membrane.SCH can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage,preterm birth,and other complications.Early detection and accurate assessment of SCH are crucial for appropriate management and improved pregnancy outcomes.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of virtual organ computer-assisted analysis(VOCAL)in measuring the volume ratio of SCH to gestational sac(GS)combined with serum progesterone on early pregnancy outcomes in patients with SCH.METHODS A total of 153 patients with SCH in their first-trimester pregnancies between 6 and 11 wk were enrolled.All patients were followed up until a gestational age of 20 wk.The parameters of transvaginal two-dimensional ultrasound,including the circumference of SCH(Cs),surface area of SCH(Ss),circumference of GS(Cg),and surface area of GS(Sg),and the parameters of VOCAL with transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound,including the three-dimensional volume of SCH(3DVs)and GS(3DVg),were recorded.The size of the SCH and its ratio to the GS size(Cs/Cg,Ss/Sg,3DVs/3DVg)were recorded and compared.RESULTS Compared with those in the normal pregnancy group,the adverse pregnancy group had higher Cs/Cg,Ss/Sg,and 3DVs/3DVg ratios(P<0.05).When 3DVs/3DVg was 0.220,the highest predictive performance predicted adverse pregnancy outcomes,resulting in an AUC of 0.767,and the sensitivity,specificity were 70.2%,75%respectively.VOCAL measuring 3DVs/3DVg combined with serum progesterone gave a diagnostic AUC of 0.824 for early pregnancy outcome in SCH patients,with a high sensitivity of 82.1%and a specificity of 72.1%,which showed a significant difference between AUC.CONCLUSION VOCAL-measured 3DVs/3DVg effectively quantifies the severity of SCH,while combined serum progesterone better predicts adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Spectroscopic analysis on the binding interaction of biologically active pyrimidine derivative with bovine serum albumin

A biologically active antibacterial reagent, 2-amino-6-hydroxy-4-（4-N, N-dimethylaminophenyl）-pyr- imidine-5-carbonitrile （AHDMAPPC）, was synthesized. It was employed to investigate the binding in- teraction with the bovine serum albumin （BSA） in detail using different spectroscopic methods. It ex- hibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia cali and Staphylococcus aureus which are common food poisoning bacteria. The experimental results showed that the fluorescence quenching of model carrier protein BSA by AHDMAPPC was due to static quenching. The site binding constants and number of binding sites （n ≈ 1） were determined at three different temperatures based on fluorescence quenching results. The thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy change （AH）, free energy （AG） and entropy change （AS） for the reaction were calculated to be 15.15 kJ/mol, -36.11 kJ/mol and 51.26J/mol K according to van＇t Hoff equation, respectively. The results indicated that the reaction was an endothermic and spontaneous process, and hydrophobic interactions played a major role in the binding between drug and BSA. The distance between donor and acceptor is 2.79 nm according to Forster＇s theory. The alterations of the BSA secondary structure in the presence of AHDMAPPC were confirmed by UV-visible, synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism （CD） and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra. All these results in- dicated that AHDMAPPC can bind to BSA and be effectively transported and eliminated in the body. It can be a useful guideline for further drug design.

Determination of Enantiomeric Compositions of Tryptophan by Chemometric Analysis of the Fluorescence Spectra of Bovine Serum Albumin Receptor-ligand Mixtures

In this work, a novel method was constructed to determine the enantiomeric composition of tryptophan （Trp） by bovine serum albumin （BSA） based on the fluorescence spectra of the receptor-ligand mixtures coupled with partial least squares （PLS-1） analysis. As a result the enantiomeric composition of Trp was accurately determined.

Non-covalent binding analysis of sulfamethoxazole to human serum albumin:Fluorescence spectroscopy,UV-vis,FT-IR,voltammetric and molecular modeling

This study was designed to examine the interaction of sulfamethoxazole （SMZ） with human serum albumin（HSA）. Spectroscopic analysis of the emission quenching at different temperatures revealed that the quenching mechanism of human serum albumin by SMZ was static mechanism. The binding constant values for the SMZ-HSA system were obtained to be 22,500 L/mol at 288 K, 15,600 L/mol at 298 K, and 8500 L/mol at 308 K. The distance r between donor and acceptor was evaluated according to the theory of Foster energy transfer. The results of spectroscopic analysis and molecular modeling techniques showed that the conformation of human serum albumin had been changed in the presence of SMZ. The thermodynamic parameters, namely enthalpy change （ΔH^0） - 36.0 kJ/mol, entropy change （ΔS^0） - 41.3 Jim01 K and free energy change （ΔG^0） - 23.7 kJ/ mol, were calculated by using van＇t Hoff equation. The effect of common ions on the binding of SMZ to HSA was tested.

Analysis of Binding Interaction between Captopril and Human Serum Albumin

The interaction between captopril, an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme and human serum albumin, a principal plasma protein in the liver has been investigated in vitro under a simulated physiological condition by UV-vis spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectrometry. The intrinsic fluorescence intensity of human serum albumin was strongly quenched by captopril. The binding constants and the number of binding sites can be calculated from the data obtained from fluorescence quenching experiments. The negative value of ΔG0 reveals that the binding process is a spontaneous process. According to the van’t Hoff equation, the standard enthalpy change (ΔH0) and standard entropy change (ΔS0) for the reaction were calculated to be 35.98 KJ●mol-1 and 221.25 J●mol-1 K. It indicated that the hydrophobic interactions play a main role in the binding of captopril to human serum albumin. In addition, the distance between captopril (acceptor) and tryptophan residues of human serum albumin (donor) was estimated to be 1.05 nm according to the F?rster’s resonance energy transfer theory. The results obtained herein will be of biological significance in pharmacology and clinical medicine.

Identification and analysis of serum samples by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with characteristic ratio method and PCA for gastric cancer detection

This study aimed to explore the application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)in the rapid diagnosis of gastric cancer.The SERS spectra of 68 serum samples from gastric cancer patients and healthy volunteers were acquired.The characteristic ratio method(CRM)and principal component analysis(PCA)were used to differentiate gastric cancer serum from normal serum.Compared with healthy volunteers,the serum SERS intensity of gastric cancer patients was relatively high at 722 cm^(-1),while it was relatively low at 588,644,861,1008,1235,1397,1445 and 1586 cm^(-1).These results indicated that the relative content of nucleic acids in the serum of gastric cancer patients rises while the relative content of amino acids and carbohydrates decreases.In PCA,the sensitivity and specificity of discriminating gastric cancer were 94.1%and 94.1%,respectively,with the accuracy of 94.1%.Based on the intensity ratios of four characteristic peaks at 722,861,1008 and 1397 cm^(-1),CRM presented the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 100%and 97.4%,respectively,and the accuracy of 98.5%.Therefore,the three peak intensity ratios of I_(722)/I_(861),I_(722)/I_(1008)and I_(722)/I_(1397)can be considered as biologicalfingerprint information for gastric cancer diagnosis and can rapidly and directly reflect the physiological and pathological changes associated with gastric cancer development.This study provides an important basis and standards for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Global Optimization of Norris Derivative Filtering with Application for Near-Infrared Analysis of Serum Urea Nitrogen

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods was applied to the rapid and reagent-free analysis of serum urea nitrogen (SUN). The mul-partitions modeling was performed to achieve parameter stability. A large-scale parameter cyclic and global optimization platform for Norris derivative filter (NDF) of three parameters (the derivative order: d, the number of smoothing points: s and the number of differential gaps: g) was developed with PLS regression. Meantime, the parameters’ adaptive analysis of NDF algorithm was also given, and achieved a significantly better modeling effect than one without spectral pre-processing. After eliminating the interference wavebands of saturated absorption, the modeling performance was further improved. In validation, the root mean square error (SEP), correlation coefficient (RP) for prediction and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) were 1.66 mmol?L-1, 0.966 and 4.7, respectively. The results showed that the high-precision analysis of SUN was feasibility based on NIR spectroscopy and Norris-PLS. The global optimization method of NDF is also expected to be applied to other analysis objects.

The Possible Role Serum Biochemical Analysis Can Play in Predicting an Infant’s Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity;Elevated Serum Magnesium

Purpose: We evaluated biochemical analysis results with the aim of discovering serum levels that have possible effects on the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between January 2017 and January 2018 on a total of 110 infants with 35 or less gestational weeks. The sample included 78 infants who had been diagnosed with different stages of ROP and 32 infants without ROP. Results from routine serum biochemical analyses, performed at birth and at one month after birth, were evaluated. The Independent Sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed to compare the data. Results: The infants with ROP were born at a mean of 28.0 (±2.1) weeks of gestation, weighing a mean of 1066 (±314) g, and the mean duration of stay in the incubator was 38.2 (±19) days. The infants without ROP were born at a mean of 29.6 (±2.6) weeks of gestation, weighing a mean of 1265 (±372) g. 59 infants (53.6%) were females, and 51 (46.4%) were males. Between infants with and without ROP, differences in the following levels were not statistically significant: glucose, blood urine nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, total protein, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, uric acid, and phosphorus. Serum magnesium (Mg) levels at birth in infants with ROP were significantly higher than infants without ROP (p = 0.014). Conclusions: Serum Mg levels at birth were found to be higher in infants with ROP than in those without ROP. The levels may be dependent on the mothers’ treatment of Mg for different medical reasons.

Preoperative Serum Albumin Levels and Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Single-Center Study in Bangladesh

Background: Serum albumin, a vital plasma protein, helps maintain intravascular colloidal osmotic pressure, cardiac output, and renal function. Low preoperative serum albumin is linked to poor outcomes, including acute kidney injury (AKI), after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery. This study aimed to assess the relationship between preoperative serum albumin levels and early postoperative renal injury. Methods: This prospective comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2019 to February 2021 at the National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute, Bangladesh. It included 160 adult patients with normal preoperative renal function undergoing OPCAB. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (serum albumin ≥ 4.0 gm/dl) and Group B (serum albumin Results: Preoperative serum albumin was significantly different between groups (Group A: 4.21 ± 0.05 gm/dl, Group B: 3.69 ± 0.04 gm/dl, p = 0.028). Group B had a higher incidence of hypertension (71.25% vs. 51.25%, p st and 3rd postoperative days were higher in Group B (p th day. Postoperative AKI occurred in 18.75% of Group A and 36.25% of Group B. Multivariate regression indicated that low preoperative serum albumin is an independent risk factor for postoperative AKI (p = 0.012, OR = 1.815, CI: 0.675 - 1.162). Conclusion: Preoperative serum albumin level is a valuable predictor of postoperative renal function. Ensuring high normal serum albumin levels before surgery can help minimize the risk of postoperative AKI.

Equidistant combination wavelength screening and step-by-step phase-out method for the near-infrared spectroscopic analysis of serum urea nitrogen

We applied near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopy with chemometrics for the rapid and reagent-fee analysis of serum urea nitrogen(SUN).The modeling is based on the average effect of multiple sample partitions to achieve parameter selection with stability.A multiparameter optimization platform with Norris derivative filter-partial least squares(Norris-PLS)was developed to select the most suitable mode(d=2,s=33,g=15).Using equidistant combination PLS(EC-PLS)with four parameters(initial wavelength I,number of wavelengths N,number of wavelength gaps G and latent variables LV),we performed wavelength screening after eliminating high-absorption wavebands.The optimal EC-PLS parameters were I=1228 nm,N=26,G=16 and LV=12.The root-mean square error(SEP),correlation coefficient(R_(p))for prediction and ratio of performance-to-deviation(RPD)for validation were 1.03 mmol L^(-1),0.992 and 7.6,respectively.We proposed the wavelength step-by-step phase-out PLS(WSP-PLS)to remove redun-dant wavelengths in the top 100 EC-PLS models with improved prediction performance.The combination of 19 wavelengths was identifed as the optimal model for SUN.The SEP,Rp and RPD in validation were 1.01 mmol L^(-1),0.992 and 7.7,respectively.The prediction effect and wavelength complexity were better than those of EC-PIS.Our results showed that NIR spectroscopy combined with the EC-PLS and WSP-PLS methods enabled the high-precision analysis ofSUN.WSP-PLS is a secondary optimization method that can further optimize any wavelength moc odel obtained through other continuous or discrete strategies to establish a simple and better model.

Meta-analysis of serum copper and heart failure

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to clarify the association between Cu levels and heart failure(HF)using a meta-analysis approach.METHODS We searched articles in the Pub Med,EMbase,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and CBM Database published as of August 2016.The case control study on the relationship between serum copper levels and HF were collected and read and extracted by two independent researchers.A Meta analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0 software.RESULTS A total of twenty-one eligible articles,including 893 HF and 654 control subjects,were enrolled.The Meta analysis showed that serum copper levels in HF were higher than control group[SMD=0.881,95%CI:(0.487,1.264),Z=4.5,P<0.001].The sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were reliable.Begg′s tests did not find the existence of publication bias.CONCLUSION This metaanalysis indicates that there is a significant association between high Cu serum level and HF.

Multivariate analysis of serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of liver cancer patients

Early diagnosis of liver cancer plays a significant role in reducing its high mortality.In this preliminary study,the feasibility of using serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)to identify liver cancer was studied.Serum samples were obtained from liver cancer patients and healthy controls.The differences between the SERS spectra of pre-operation and postoperation of liver cancer patients were also analyzed.The general shape and trend of SERS spectra of health control and liver cancer patients were similar.Multivariate analysis,e.g.,PLSSVM,might be useful for the discrimination of serum SERS spectra of pre-operation and post-operation.

Cloning, Characterization and Bioinformatic Analysis of the Gene Encoding the Larval Serum Protein 2 in Diapause of the Onion Maggot, Delia Antiqua

The full-length cDNA encoding Larval serum protein 2 (LSp-2) in the onion maggot,Delia antiqua, was cloned and sequenced by rapid ampli?cation of cDNA ends methods. The result showed that the cDNA was 2203 bp long and the open reading frame (ORF) of 2106 bp encoded 701 amino acid with a calculated molecular weight of 80.5 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.87. The onion maggot LSp-2 shows highest homology (83%) to that ofCalliphora vicinaat amino acid level. Its signal peptides, domains and structures were predicted and analyzed by using bioinformatic methods. The amino acid sequence of LSP-2 suggests that it would be a typical hexamerin.

Analysis on Serum Trace Element Levels of Echinococciasis Patients in Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan,China,2011

In Garze Tibetan autonomous prefecture inSichuan province, China, 41 echinococciasis patientswho had received surgical treatment were recruitedin the study, and 82 health persons who had livedin Garze for at least 10 years were selected ascontrols. The serum levels of Zn, Se and Cu of thecases and controls were detected. The resultsshowed that most echinococciasis cases weredistributed in Shiqu county （17.1%, 7/41）, and only1 case was distributed in Yajiang county （2.4%）. Themale to female ratio of the cases was 1：1.56. Theechinococciasis patients were mainly aged 30-39years （36.59%, 15/41）. And, the cases aged 20-49years accounted for 68.29% （28/41）. Comparedwith health controls, the serum levels of Zn and Seof the cases significantly declined. However, theserum level of Cu of the cases had no significantlychange. It was confirmed that the serum levels ofZn and Se were interrelated with the prevalence ofechinococciasis.

Logistic Regression Analysis of Influencing Factors on Serum ALT and HCV RNA Changes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

Objective This study was undertaken to investigate the influencing factors on serum ALT level and hepatitis C virus(HCV)RNA titer in chronic hepatitis C(CHC)patients.Methods All patients enrolled into this study were anti-HCV positive.Retrospective tracing method was applied to detect serum ALT level and HCV RNA titer and to collect general information of the patients such as genders,age groups,interferon medication history,infection pathways,height and weight.Then the multi-factor analysis was adopted with the application of binominal logistic regression mode.Results The abnormal rate of ALT level was positively correlated to HCV RNA and gender while negatively correlated to interferon medication history and age group,with Wald value of the 4 factors as 39.604,11.823,18.991 and 7.389,respectively.The positive rate of HCV RNA was negatively correlated to interferon medication history and gender while positively correlated to ALT level,with corresponding Wald value of the 3 factors as81.394,7.618 and 27.562,respectively.Conclusions The normal ALT level in HCV infected patients was associated with viral load,age,gender and interferon medication history,while the normal rate of HCV RNA titer was closely associated with gender,interferon medication history and ALT level.

Interaction Between Gatifloxacin and Bovine Serum Albumin

Aim To study the reaction mechanism between gatifloxacin and bovine serumalbumin (BSA) at different pHs. Methods Fluorescence spectra and UV absorbance spectra were used.Results The binding constants were determined from a double reciprocal Lineweaver-Burk curves atdifferent pHs. The binding distance r under normal physiological condition was obtained according toFoster theory of non-radiative energy transfer. The binding force between gatifloxacin and BSA wasinferred by thermody-namical coordination. Conclusion The interaction between gatifloxacin and BSAseems to be strong and the main binding force is electrostatic force.

Postoperative decrease of serum albumin predicts shortterm complications in patients undergoing gastric cancer resection

AIM To find an accurate and simple predictor for postoperative short-term complications after gastrectomy. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-three patients undergoing gastric cancer resection between October 1,2015 and September 30,2016 were enrolled in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used toidentify risk factors for complications after gastrectomy. The cutoff values and diagnostic accuracy were examined by receiver operating characteristic curves.RESULTS Sixty-two(27.8%) patients had short-term complications after gastric cancer resection. The postoperative decrease in serum albumin(?ALB) was an independent risk factor for complications(OR = 17.957,95%CI: 6.073-53.095,P < 0.001). The cutoff value was 14.0% and the area under the curve was higher than that of C-reactive protein on postoperative day 3(area under the curve: 0.806 vs 0.709). Patients with ?ALB ≥ 14.0% were more likely to have short-term complications after gastrectomy(46.7% vs 5.0%,P < 0.001),prolonged hospital stay(17.2 ± 10.8 d vs 14.1 ± 4.2 d,P = 0.007) and higher comprehensive complication index(P < 0.001) than those with ?ALB < 14.0%.CONCLUSION Postoperative ?ALB with a cutoff of 14.0% can be used to recognize patients who have high risk of short-term complications following gastric cancer resection.