Effects of Serum Concentration, Synchronization Time and Confluence on the Cell-Cycle Synchronization Efficiency of Goat Fibroblasts

This study aims to evaluate the effect of serum concentration, synchronization time, and confluence degree on the synchronisation efficiency of goat fibroblast cycle. The results indicated that there was no difference in the percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage between serum concentrations of 0.3% and 0.4% (83.89% and 82.69%, respectively, P > 0.05) as well as between serum concentrations of 0.2% and 0.5% (76.95% and 75.46%, respectively, P > 0.05). The percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage was highest at the concentration of 0.3% and lowest in the control group (83.89% vs. 62.67%, P 0.05). The beneficial effect of high confluence was confirmed by the large percentage of nucleated fibroblasts at the G0/G1 stage. The 60% confluency was significantly lower than the 80% and 100% confluency (73.44%, 86.63%, and 87.17%, respectively, P < 0.05). The results indicate that the goat fibroblast cycle synchronization is the most effective at the serum concentration of 0.3%, 72 hours of synchronization and 100% confluency.

LiTFSI salt concentration effect to digest lithium polysulfides for high-loading sulfur electrodes

Sulfur utilization improvement and control of dissolved lithium polysulfide(LiPS;Li_(2)S x,2<x≤8)are cru-cial aspects of the development of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries,especially in high-loading sulfur elec-trodes and low electrolyte/sulfur(E/S)ratios.The sluggish reaction in the low E/S ratio induces poor LiPS solubility and unstable Li_(2)S electrodeposition,resulting in limited sulfur utilization,especially under high-loading sulfur electrode.In this study,we report on salt concentration effects that improve sulfur utilization with a high-loading cathode(6 mgs ulfurcm^(-2)),a high sulfur content(80 wt%)and a low E/S ratio(5 m L gs ulfur^(-1)).On the basis of the rapid LiPS dissolving in a low concentration electrolyte,we estab-lished that the quantity of Li_(2)S electrodeposition from a high Li+diffusion coefficient,referring to the reduction of LiPS precipitation,was significantly enhanced by a faster kinetic.These results demonstrate the importance of kinetic factors for the rate capability and cycle life stability of Li-S battery electrolytes through high Li_(2)S deposition under high-loading sulfur electrode.

On-line Sweeping Sample Concentration in Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography with Enhanced Sensitivity for the Deter-mination of Carbamazepine in Human Serum

A sensitive and simple micellar electrokinetic chromatography （MEKC） method was developed for the determination of antiepileptic drug, carbamazepine （CBZ）, using sweeping on-line concentration method with photodiode array detection. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curve was linear over a range of 0.5-40μg·mL^-1 for CBZ with a correlation coefficient of 0.998. The detection limit （S/N = 3：1） of CBZ was 0.10 μg·mL^-1. The sweeping-MEKC method has been successfully applied to the analysis of CBZ in human serum.

Lithium-related neurotoxicity despite serum concentrations in the therapeutic range:risk factors and diagnosis

We would like to comment on the interesting case report of lithium intoxication reported by Jing Peng.[1]An 18-year old female with mania developed confusion,trembling extremities,slurred speech,increased muscle tension,and hyperactive tendon reflexes 20 days after initiating treatment with routine dosages of lithium bicarbonate.When admitted to the hospital due to her acute neurological condition,her serum lithium concentration was in the therapeutic range(0.57 mmol/L).Most of her symptoms spontaneously reversed one

The effect of polymorphism in gene of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ on the serum periparturient concentration in Holstein dairy cows

Objective:To investigate the relationship between polymorphism within the 5'-untranslated region(5'-UTR)of IGF-I gene and its periparturient concentration in Iranian Holstein dairy cows.Methods:Blood samples(5 mL,n=37)were collected by caudal venipuncture from each animal into sample lubes containing the EDTA and DNA was extracted from blood.In order to measure ICF-I concentration the collection of blood samples(n=111)was also done at 14 d before calving(prepartum),25 and 45 d postpartum.Results:We found evidence for a significant effect of C to T mutation in position 512 of IGF-I gene on its serum concentration in dairy cows in Iran.Cows with CC genotype had significantly higher concentration(Mean-SD)of IGF-I at 14 d prepartum(91.8±18.1)μg/L compared to those with TT genotype(73.3±14.4)μg/L(P=0.04).A significant trend(quadratic)was found for IGF-I concentration,as higher in CC cows compared to ones with TT genotype,during the 14 d before calving to 45 d postpartum(P=0.01).Conclusions:We concluded that C/T transition in the promoter region of IGF-I gene can influence the serum concentration of ICF-I in periparturient dairy cows.

The Relationship between Nigerian Bonnylight Crude Oil-Induced Hypoglycaemia and Endogenous Serum Insulin Concentration in Male Wistar Rats: The Role of Antioxidant Vitamins C and E

The relationship between Nigerian Bonny Light crude oil (NBLCO) induced hypoglycaemia and endogenous serum insulin concentration;the role of antioxidant vitamin C or E supplementation was the focus of this study. Forty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into group I, which served as the control, group II, which was oral gavaged 6 ml/kg of NBLCO, groups III and IV, which were in addition to 6 ml/kg of NBLCO supplemented with 9 ml/kg and 1 mg/kg of vitamin E or C, respectively for 28 days. Results showed that NBLCO significantly (p < 0.05) lower body weight and food intake compared with control. These effects exerted by NBLCO were however significantly (p < 0.05) reversed by vitamin E or C supplementation. The NBLCO significantly (p < 0.05) reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) when compared with control, the antioxidant vitamins supplementation significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the crude oil effect. The mean serum insulin level in NBLCO, vitamin E or C supplemented groups is not significantly different from the control. There was no significant correlation between FBG and fasting serum insulin concentrations in all the groups on day 28. It has been demonstrated in this study that direct oral ingestion of crude oil (NBLCO) could reduce food intake, body weight and cause hypoglycemia;the hypoglycemia may not be a function of serum insulin concentration. Interestingly, the hazardous effects of NBLCO could be ameliorated with antioxidant vitamin C or E supplementation.

Serum paraquat concentration detected by spectrophotometry in patients with paraquat poisoning

BACKGROUND：Paraquat （PQ） is a world-wide used herbicide and also a type of common poison for suicide and accidental poisoning. Numerous studies have proved that the concentration of serum PQ plays an important role in prognosis. Spectrophotometry, including common spectrophotometry and second-derivative spectrophotometry, is commonly used for PQ detection in primary hospitals. So far, lack of systematic research on the reliability of the method and the correlation between clinical features of patients with PQ poisoning and the test results has restricted the clinical use of spectrophotometry. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and value of spectrophotometry in detecting the concentration of serum PQ. METHODS：The wavelengths for detecting the concentration of serum PQ by common and second-derivative spectrophotometry were determined. Second-derivative spectrophotometry was applied to detect the concentration of serum PQ. The linear range and precision for detection of PQ concentration by this method were confirmed. The concentration of serum PQ shown by second- derivative spectrophotometry and HPLC were compared in 8 patients with PQ poisoning. Altogether 21 patients with acute poisoning 4 hours after PQ ingestion treated in the period of October 2008 to September 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into higher and lower than 1.8 μg/mL groups based on their concentrations of serum PQ measured by second-derivative spectrophotometry on admission. The severity of clinical manifestations between the two groups were analyzed with Student＇s t test or Fisher＇s exact test. RESULTS：The absorption peak of 257 nm could not be found when common spectrophotometry was used to detect the PQ concentration in serum. The calibration curve in the 0.4-8.0 μg/mL range for PQ concentration shown by second-derivative spectrophotometry obeyed Beer＇s law with r=0.996. The average recovery rates of PQ were within a range of 95.0% to 99.5%, relative standard deviation （RSD） was within 1.35% to 5.41% （n=6）, and the lower detection limit was 0.05 μg/mL. The PQ concentrations in serum of 8 patients with PQ poisoning shown by second-derivative spectrophotometry were consistent with the quantitative determinations by HPLC （r=0.995, P〈0.0001）. The survival rate was 22.2% in patients whose PQ concentration in serum was more than 1.8 μg/mL, and the incidences of acidosis, oliguria and pneumomediastinum in these patients were 55.6%, 55.6% and 77.8%, respectively. These clinical manifestations were different significantly from those of the patients whose PQ concentration in serum was less than 1.8 pg/mL （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： For common spectrophotometry, the wavelength at 257 nm was not suitable for detecting serum PQ as no absorbance was shown. Second-derivative spectrophotometry was reliable for detecting serum paraquat concentration. Serum PQ concentration detected by second- derivative spectrophotometry could be used to predict the severity of clinical manifestations of patients with PQ poisoning, and PQ content higher than 1.8 tJg/mL 4 hours after ingestion could be an important predictive factor for poor prognosis.

Effect of serum concentration on adhesion of monocytic THP-1 cells onto cultured EC monolayer and EC-SMC co-culture

Background:The adhesion of monocytes to the endothelium following accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in subendothelial spaces is an important step in the development of intimal hyperplasia in arterially implanted vein grafts and atherosclerosis in both animals and humans. However, it is not well known how serum factors affect the adhesion of monocytes. Methods: We have studied the effect of fetal calf serum (FCS), which we considered a source of LDL, on the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells (ECs) by using human monocytic THP-1 cells and both a monolayer of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (EC monoculture) and a co-culture with bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (EC-SMC co-culture). Results: It was found that the addition of FCS to the medium greatly affected the adhesion of THP-1 cells, and the higher the concentration of FCS in the medium, the greater the adhesion of THP-1 cells to endothelial cells. Adhesion of THP-1 cells to an EC-SMC co-culture was approximately twofold greater than that to an EC monoculture, and after adhering to endothelial cells, many THP-1 cells trans-migrated into the layer of smooth muscle cells. Conclusion: The results suggest that the elevation of the LDL (cholesterol) level in blood provides a favorable condition for the development of intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis by promoting the adhesion of monocytes to the endothelium and their subsequent migration into subendothelial spaces.

Effect of Impurities and Cerium on Stress Concentration Sensitivity of Al-Li Based Alloys

A notch sensitivity factor was derived in order to evaluate the stress concentration sensitivity of Al Li based alloys. The factor values for the Al Li alloy sheets containing various contents of impurities and cerium addition were evaluated by determining the mechanical properties. It is found that the impurities Fe, Si, Na and K significantly enhance the stress concentration sensitivity of the alloys 2090 and 8090, whereas cerium addition reduces the stress concentration sensitivity to a certain degree for the high strength alloys. However, an excess amount of cerium addition in the high ductility alloy 1420 can significantly increase the stress concentration sensitivity. As compared with conventional aluminum alloys, the Al Li based alloys generally show high stress concentration sensitivity. Therefore, a special attention must be paid to this problem in the practical application of Al Li based alloys.

APPLICATION OF NONIONIC TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE HYDROGEL FOR CONCENTRATION OF PROTEIN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Six different N-alkyl substituted acrylarnide nonionic hydrogels were prepared and their swelling characteristics were measured. Poly N-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPA) and poly N-n-propyl-acrylamide (PNNPA) temperature sensitive hydrogels were chosen as the nonionic temperature sensitive hydrogels for concentration of very dilute aqueous protein solution. The separation properties of PNIPA and PNNPA hydr0gels with different network dimensions were studied and the modification of the hydrogels was surveyed in order to decrease their surface adsorption of protein molecules. The experimental results of the concentration of BSA (Bovin serum albumin) dilute aqueous solution by hydroxylpropyl methacrylate (HPMA) copolymerized PNIPA hydrogel were given. The value and the limitation of concentration of dilute aqueous protein solution by this method was evaluated.

Correlation of hair risperidone concentration and serum level among patients with schizophrenia

Background Risperidone (RSP) has a rapid onset in vivo, low dosage and high plasma protein binding rate, therefore therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is needed to ensure safety in clinical treatment. However, compared with blood, hair is non-invasive, safe, non-infectious and easy to transport and store. Aims This study aims to investigate the correlations among the drug concentrations of RSP in hair and serum, which provides an experimental basis to explore hair as a novel biomaterial to meet the needs of clinical detection. Methods 34 patients with schizophrenia treated with RSP for more than 3 months were enrolled in this study. About 1 cm section of hair near the scalp was taken from the subjects, pretreated and detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A correlation analysis was conducted among the drug concentrations in hair, the serum concentrations and the daily dosage. The data were analysed usi叩 SPSS 20.0 software. Results There was significant correlation between the hair concentration of RSP (two-tailed test, r=0.440, p=0.009) with the serum concentration of RSP, and the hair concentration of 9-hydroxyrisperidone (9-HR) with the serum concentration of 9-HR had no significant correlation (two-tailed test, r=-0.217, p=0.217);the total concentration of the RSP and 9-HR had no significant correlation between hair and serum (r=0.227, p=0.196). The dosage had no statistically significant correlation with the concentration of RSP in hair (r=0.207, p=0.241), 9-HR in hair (r=-0.194, p=0.271) and the total concentration of RSP and 9-HR in hair (r=0.188, p=0.288). There was no statistical correlation between the dosage and the concentration of RSP in serum (r=-0.059, p=0.741), but significant correlation between the dosage and 9-HR in serum (r=0.581 p<0.001) was found, and the correlation between the dosage and the total concentration of the two drugs RSP and 9-HR in serum was also significant (r=0.437, p=0.01). Conclusion The correlation analysis showed that the concentration of RSP in hair was statistically significant with the serum RSP concentration. In this study, we provided some experimental basis for hair as a new biomaterial to monitor the therapeutic drug concentration.

Concentration Changes of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate in Serum and Milk in Lactating Woman Who Used Depo Geston~

Objective To determine the concentration changes of medroxyprogesterone acetate （MPA） in serum and milk in the Chinese lactating women who used Depo Geston Methods Ten postpartum and breastfeeding women received an injectable contraceptive of Depo Geston （depo medroxyprogesterone acetate, DMPA, 150 mg/ampoule）. Serum and milk samples were collected in the 1^st, 2^st, 4^th, 6^th, 8^th 10^th and 12^th week after contraceptive injection. The concentrations of medroxyprogesterone acetate （MPA） in serum and milk were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results The highest MPA concentration in serum was observed at the 1^st week and then the level of serum MPA decreased obviously at the 2^na and 4^th week. After the 4^th week, the decline of serum MPA level slowed down. The concentration of milk MPA reached the highest level at 1^th week. But at the 2^nd week the average level of MPA in milk dropped by half The MPA concentration in the milk was changed in the range of 5.2-8.3 ng/mL in the following 10 weeks. During observation, the average ratios of concentration and area under curve （AUC） in milk/serum were both 0.55. There was a wide variation in MPA concentrations and ratios of milk/serum between subjects. Conclusion MPA concentrations maintained a certaim level at the 12^th week after DMPA injection. However, whether mather＇s intake of DMPA during feeding period has effect on children＇s growth, espcially pubertal growth, deserves further studies.

Prognostic role of pretreatment serum ferritin concentration in lung cancer patients:A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND The association between pretreatment serum ferritin concentration(SFC)and long-term survival in lung cancer remains unclear now.AIM To identify the prognostic value of pretreatment SFC in lung cancer patients based on current evidence.METHODS The PubMed,EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to May 29,2022 for relevant studies.The primary endpoint was overall survival(OS)and the hazard ratios(HRs)with corresponding 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were combined to assess the predictive role of pretreatment SFC for long-term survival of lung cancer patients.The data were then extracted and assessed on the basis of the Reference Citation Analysis(https://www.reference citationanalysis.com/).RESULTS Twelve retrospective studies involving 1654 patients were analyzed.The results manifested that increased pretreatment SFC was associated with worse OS(HR=1.09,95%CI:1.03-1.15,P=0.004).Subgroup analysis stratified by the country(China vs non-China)showed similar results.However,subgroup analysis stratified by tumor type revealed inconsistent results(lung cancer:HR=1.39,P=0.008;small cell lung cancer:HR=1.99,P=0.175;non-small cell lung cancer:HR=1.03,P=0.281).CONCLUSION Pretreatment SFC might serve as a promising prognostic indicator in lung cancer patients and elevated pretreatment SFC predicts worse prognosis.However,more high-quality studies with big sample sizes are still needed to further verify its prognostic value in lung cancer.

Study of blood fat concentration based on serum ultraviolet absorption spectra and neural network

Blood plays an important role in the clinical di-agnosis and treatment, the analysis of blood will be of very important practical significance. The experiment shows that the absorption spectra of blood are of serious noise in the wave band of 200 to 300 nm, which hides the useful spectral characteristics. The effective separation of the noise was achieved by db4 wavelet transform, and the signals of reconstruction have been obviously improved in the noise serious wave band, reflecting some useful information. The absorption peaks of different samples are displaced to some degrees. The correlation between absorbance at 278nm and blood fat concentration is no significant and random. Based on the evident correlation between serum absorption spectrum and blood fat con-centration in the wave band of 265 to 282nm, a neural network model was built to forecast the blood fat concentration, bringing a relatively good prediction. This provides a new spectral test method of blood fat concentration.

Study of blood sugar concentration based on serum UV absorption spectra＊

UV absorption spectrum and neural network theory was used for the analysis of blood sugar concentration. Experimental investigation shows that absorption spectrum has the following characteristics in the wave band of 200-300 nm： （1） The absorption spectrum is of complex shape, there is more absorption peak in UV-band, it shows that there is a complex absorption phenomenon in blood group macromolecules; （2） The curve shapes of absorption spectra are similar to different samples ,the reason is that the spectrum is synthesis of some group macromolecules absorption spectrum; （3） There is a degree of displacement of absorption peak to different samples; （4） There is no significant correlation between absorbance and blood sugar concentration at 278 nm, but random. Based on the wave band of 280 nm to 300 nm, a neural network model was built to determine the blood sugar concentration.

Study of the relationship between dosage of oral progesterone and concentration of serum progesterone

Objective:To explore the relationship among body mass index(BMI),dosage of progesterone(P) and serum progesterone concentration,and provide reference for the clinical use of oral progesterone. Methods:This was a random,open-label,prospective clinical trial.Eighty women meeting the criteria for enrollment were recruited from July 2010 to March 2011 in outpatient clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital and given oral progesterone therapy for consecutive 10 days.They were randomly assigned into four groups according to the different doses of progesterone:group A 100 mg/day,group B 200 mg/day,group C 300 mg/day and group D 400 mg/day. Results:Seventy four patients(92.5%,74/80) accomplished the study.It can be observed that administration of different dosage of P could significantly increase serum P concentration(all P<0.001).And there was a positive correlation between the increase of P concentration and dosage(r_p=0.613,P<0.001).Furthermore,the medians of the increase of serum P concentration in 4 groups were 14.71 nmol/L in group A,28.47 nmol/L in group B, 58.89 nmol/L in group C,72.69 nmol/L in group D.When BMI<24 kg/m^2(42 cases),the median of the increase of P levels was 13.90 nmol/L,37.22 nmol/L,62.55 nmol/L,and 119.02 nmol/L in group A,B,C and D, respectively,while BMI≥24 kg/m^2(32 cases),the median of increase was 8.93 nmol/L,24.82 nmol/L,24.87 nmol/L,and 63.48 nmol/L,respectively.In addition,significant difference was found only in group D between women with BMI<24 kg/m^2 and with BMI≥24 kg/m^2(P = 0.010). Conclusions;Serum progesterone levels go up linearly with the dosage increasing.The greater BMI the patient have,the larger dosage may be needed to achieve the same serum progesterone concentration.The individual dosage of oral progesterone needed can be roughly calculated in the light of the result of this study.

Effect of thyroid hormone on serum NO concentration and iNOS activity of intestinal mucosa in septic rats

Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous thyroid hormone on serum NO and iNOS activity of intestinal mucosa in septic rats. Methods Septic model was established by cecal ligation puncture (CLP) in male SD rats. Triiodothyronine ( T3 ) was administered intraperitoneally to correct the low T3 syndrome of septic rats. Blood was collected to examine serum NO and thyroid hormone concentration. Intestinal mucosa iNOS activity was assayed using immunochemical stain. Results Mortality rate in the prevention group was significantly lower than the septic group (Log rank = 3. 85, P 【 0.05). Serum NO concentration was significantly lower in the prevention group (F=19.6,F【0.01). The degree of inflammatory injury of intestinal mucosa was much milder in the prevention group than in the septic group (x2 = 5.303,P【0. 05). Mucosa iNOS activity was also significantly lower in the prevention group (x2 = 4. 876, P【0. 01). Conclusion Thyroid hormone protects the intestinal mucosa barrier inhibiting the expression of

Study of concentration of vancomycin in serum during continuous intravenous infusion

Objective Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of vancomycin in serum were studied after continuous infusion. Methods Twelve neurosurgical postoperative patients with ventricular drainage were enrolled in this study. In each patient,a loading dose of vancomycin of 0. 5 g was administered for 1 h followed

Determination of Sulphonylurea Glimepiride in Dog Serum by RP-HPLC with Pre-column Derivatization

Aim A simple, sensitive and rapid RP HPLC method with pre column derivatization has been developed for the determination of sulphonylurea glimepiride in dog serum. Methods The sulphonylurea glimepiride was extracted from the dog serum using dichlromethane followed by derivatization with DNBF for 20 min at 100℃. The solvent was then evaporated at 60℃ under nitrogen, and the residue was taken up in 100 μL of mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile water (75∶30, v/v). The separation was performed on a Hypersil BDS C18 column with a flow rate of 0 8 mL·min -1 , and the ultraviolet detector wavelength was set at 350 nm. Results Extraction recovery ranged from 75.9% to 83.2%, and methodological recovery was between 96.5% and 109.3%. Within day RSD ranged from 1.5% to 6.3%, and inter day RSD was between 2 9% and 14.8%. The method showed good linearity (R=0.9998). Conclusion The method was simple, convenient and sensitive. The reaction of derivatization was reproducible.

Effects of Dietary Concentrate to Forage Ratios on Production Performance and Serum Biochemical Indicators in Post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle

[Objective]The paper was to investigate the effects of dietary concentrate to forage ratios on production performance and serum bio-chemical indicators of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle.[Method]Sixteen Hainan Yellow Cattles with the same genetic backgrounds and similar initial weight of(242.22 ±0.71 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments.Cattles were fed with diets of different concentrate to forage ratios(20:80, group Ⅰ;30:70, Group Ⅱ;40:60, group Ⅲ;50:50, group Ⅳ).The trial lasted 62 d.[Result]The daily gain in experimental group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in experimental group Ⅱ(P<0.05), but the feed gain ratio in experimental group Ⅳ was lower than those in other ex-perimental groups(P>0.05).The feed intake in experimental group Ⅳ was also markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05).Compared with the experimental group Ⅱ, the gross profit of experimental group Ⅳ was significantly promoted(P<0.05).The alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in experimental group Ⅱ were markedly higher than those in experimental groups Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ.[Conclusion]When the dietary concentrate to forage ratios was 50∶50, the production performance of post-fattening Hainan Yellow Cattle was better.