Effects of Dietary Crude Fiber Levels on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Index of Dingan Geese Aged from 35 to 70 Days

[Objective] The study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary crude fiber on growth performance and serum biochemical in-dex of Dingan geese aged from 35 to 70 days.[Method] A total of 120 Dingan geese on day 28 with the same genetic background and similar initial weight(1 384.83.73±0.76 g) were randomly assigned into 3 groups, with 4 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate. Geese were fed the diets containing 4.29%, 5.29% and 6.29 % crude fiber, respectively. The experiment lasted 35 d.[Result] Final weight and daily gain of 5.29 %CF group were significantly higher than those of 6.29 % CF group(P<0.05);Feed intake was markedly higher than those of 4.29% and 6.29 % CF groups(P<0.05);Feed gain ratio was significantly lower than that of 6.29 % CF group(P<0.05). Compared with 4.29% and 6.29 % CF groups, serum albumin concentrations of 5.29 % CF group increased significantly(P<0.05), while serum total protein and globin contents were higher(P>0.05), but serum uric acid level was lower(P>0.05).[Conclusion] 5.29 % crude fiber could lead to higher growth performance of Dingan geese.

Effects of Compound Herbal Medicine on Serum Biochemical Indexes and Egg Nutritional Quality in Laying Hens

[Objective] To investigate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation on serum biochemical indexes and egg nutritional quality of laying hens. [Method] A total of 1 200 chickens at the age of 44 weeks were selected and randomly divided into five groups. After administration with different dosages of astragalus polysaccharides and berberine for 9 weeks,serum biochemical indexes were determined and nutrient contents of egg were detected. [Result] The contents of total protein,globulin,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) in all treatment groups were significantly(P < 0.05 or 0.01) higher than those in the control group. The cholesterol contents of all treatment groups were significantly(P < 0.05 or 0.01) lower than those of the control group. [Conclusion] The optimal concentrations of astragalus polysaccharides and berberine in basic diets are 200 and 30 mg/kg,respectively.

Effects of Fermentation Bed Padding on Intestinal Flora,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Growing-finishing Pigs

[Objective]The paper was to study the effects of fermentation bed padding on intestinal flora,serum biochemical indexes and immune function of growing-finishing pigs.[Method]A total of 90 growing-finishing pigs(Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire)with the body weight of(30.5±0.8)kg were randomly divided into five groups,three replicates each group,six pigs each replicate.The padding of five groups were:50%rice husk+50%sawdust(control group),100%spent mushroom substrate of Pleurotus eryngii(100%spent mushroom substrate group),15%rice husk+15%sawdust+70%spent mushroom substrate(70%spent mushroom substrate group),25%rice husk+25%sawdust+50%spent mushroom substrate(50%spent mushroom substrate group),35%rice husk+35%sawdust+30%spent mushroom substrate(30%spent mushroom substrate group).The pre-trial lasted 7 d,and the formal trial lasted 90 d.[Result]Compared with the control group,the number of Escherichia col in 100%,70%and 50%spent mushroom substrate groups decreased by 35.4%,24.0%and 20.8%,respectively(P<0.05);the number of salmonella successively decreased by 29.4%,19.3%and 15.2%,respectively(P<0.05);the number of lactobacillus successively increased by 21.7%,15.9%and 12.2%,respectively(P<0.05);and the number of bifidobacteria successively increased by 20.2%,16.7%and 11.8%,respectively(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the total serum protein content in 100%,70%,50%and 30%spent mushroom substrate groups increased by 30.6%,33.0%,28.0%and 18.4%,respectively(P<0.05);and the serum urea nitrogen content decreased by 32.4%,34.5%,33.9%and 22.0%,respectively(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in serum albumin,aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)between treatment groups and control group.The IgA,IgG,IgM and IL-6 levels in serum of each treatment group were significantly different from those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in IgA,IgG,IgM and IL-6 levels among 100%,70%and 50%spent mushroom substrate groups.[Conclusion]It improves the balance of intestinal microecological flora of growing-finishing pigs and enhances the immune performance of pigs by using spent mushroom substrate of P.eryngii as the fermentation bed padding.15%rice husk+15%sawdust+70%spent mushroom substrate is the optimal proportion of spent mushroom substrate for growing-finishing pigs.

Effects of Crude Fiber Levels on Production Performance, Organ Index and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Dingan Geese Aged from 1 to 28 Days

[Objective]The paper was to investigate the effects of dietary crude fiber level on production performance,organ index and serum biochemical parameters of Dingan geese aged from 1 to 28 days.[Method]A total of 144 1-day-old Dingan geese with the same genetic background and similar initial weight(88.75±0.21g)were randomly assigned into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 12 geese per replicate,and fed with the diets containing 2.56%,3.52% and 4.48% crude fiber,respectively.The trial lasted 28 d.[Result]1)The final weight and daily gain of 3.52% CF group were significantly higher than those of 2.56% CF group(P<0.05);the feed/gain ratio was markedly lower than that of 2.56% CF group(P<0.05).2)The slaughter rate,semi-eviscerated rate and leg muscle rate of 3.52% CF group were higher than those of 2.56% and 4.48% CF groups(P>0.05).3)As the dietary crude fiber levels rose,the abdominal fat rate showed a downward trend(P>0.05).4)The liver index of 3.52% CF group was significantly higher than that of 2.56% CF group(P<0.05).4)Compared with 2.5%and 4.48% CF groups,the serum albumin concentrations of 3.52% CF group markedly increased(P<0.05),the serum total protein and globin contents were higher(P>0.05),but the serum uric acid level was lower(P>0.05).[Conclusion]When the crude fiber level was 3.52%,the production performances of Dingan geese aged from 1 to 28 days were better,and the liver index and serum albumin level could be obviously improved.

EFFECTS OF INHALED TiO_2 NANOTUBES ON LUNG TISSUE AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES OF MICE

To evaluate the acute lung toxicity and the effect on serum biochemical indexes of inhaled TiO2 nanotubes , healthy and adult Kunming mice are exposed to aerosols of TiO2nanotubes in a sealed chamber , the concentration of which is 250mg / m 3 while another group of mice are exposed to room air only served as control.The blood , alveolar lavaged fluid and lungs of the mice are collected and examined after exposed for 7 , 14and 28d , respectively.The serum analysis shows that glucose ( Glu ) values with 7dexposure , alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) and aspartate aminotransferase ( AST ) activities with 28dinhalation , and total bile acid ( TBA ) values with 7 , 28d as well as the creatine kinase ( CK ) levels with 28dexposure are significantly different from those of controls ( P< 0.05 ) .The pathological findings exhibit that more TiO 2 nanotubes are found in the interstitium of pulmonary alveoli with the experimental time prolonged.The results suggest that TiO 2 nanotubes do produce adverse responses to the lung and serum biochemical indexes of mice.Moreover , the responses become severer with the exposed-time prolonged.

Body mass index and serum lipid profile influence serum prostate-specific antigen in Chinese men younger than 50 years of age

这研究是估计能影响浆液的潜在的因素前列腺特定的在健康的更年轻的人的抗原(PSA ) 水平。我们在收到了平淡的健康考试的 6774 个中国人(年老的 20-49 年) 与浆液 PSA 水平评估了年龄，身体团索引(BMI ) 和浆液类脂化合物侧面的协会。合格的人被分类进 10 年的年龄组。BMI 作为不足的重量被分类(&#x0003c； 18.5 ) ，正常(18.5-22.9 ) ，过重(23.0-24.9 ) ，肥胖(25.0-29.9 ) 并且很肥胖(&#x0003e； 30 ) 根据重新定义的世界健康组织() 为亚太区域的标准。PSA 层次也在组之中被比较。在多重线性回归分析， PSA 断然与年龄被相关(P&#x0003c； 0.0001 ) 。否定关联在 PSA 和 BMI 之间存在(P&#x0003c； 0.0001 ) 并且 triglyceride 水平(P=0.01 ) 。没有关系能在 PSA 和浆液胆固醇或高密度的脂蛋白(P=0.711 ) 之间被发现(HDL；P =0.665 ) 。另外，我们发现浆液 PSA 层次与年龄增加了并且与 BMI 减少了。我们的学习证明年龄， BMI 和 triglyceride 层次在人 &#x0003c 影响 PSA 水平； 50 岁。

Correlation of serum albumin and prognostic nutritional index with outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy

BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) is a complex surgical procedure with a high morbidity rate. The serious complications are major risk factors for poor longterm surgical outcome. Studies have reported an association between early postoperative prognostic nutritional index(PNI) and prediction of severe complications after abdominal surgery. However, there have been no studies on the use of early postoperative PNI for predicting serious complications following PD.AIM To analyze the risk factors and early postoperative PNI for predicting severe complications following PD.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 238 patients who underwent PD at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2017. The postoperative complications were classified according to the Dindo-Clavien classification. Grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ postoperative complications were classified as serious. The risk factors for serious complications were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Overall complications were detected in 157 of 238 patients(65.9%) who underwent PD. The grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ complication rate was 26.47%(63/238 patients).The mortality rate was 3.7%(9/238 patients). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that preoperative serum albumin [odds ratio(OR): 0.883, 95%confidence interval(CI): 0.80-0.96; P < 0.01] and PNI on postoperative day 3 <40.5(OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.21-6.38, P < 0.05) were independent factors associated with grade Ⅲ-Ⅴ postoperative complications.CONCLUSION Perioperative albumin is an important factor associated with serious complications following PD. Low early postoperative PNI(< 40.5) is a predictor for serious complications.

Relationship Between Serum Leptin Concentration and Lipids & Body Mass Index in Patients With Chronic Congestive Heart Failure

Objectives To investigate the relationship of serum leptin concentration with the lipids and body mass index (BMI) in patients with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods The serum concentration of leptin in 39 patients with CHF (14 in cardiac function classⅡ, 21 in classⅢ, 4 in classⅣ, NYHA) and in 46 patients with cardiac function classⅠ(NYHA) were assessed by radioimmunoassay. Results The serum concentration of leptin were 9.018±4.519μg/l in CHF group (cardiac function classⅡ11.492±5.649μg/l, classⅢ7.763±3.321μg/l, classⅣ6.100±2.657μg/l); 11.674±6.911μg/l in classⅠgroup. The serum concentrations of leptin were significantly lower in CHF group, as compared with classⅠgroup (P< 0.05). Moreover, the decrease of serum leptin concentration was significantly correlated with the decreased serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride, body mass index and left ventricular ejection fraction in CHF group, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions The significance of the decrease in serum leptin in CHF patients needs further study.

Effects of Dietary Picria felterrae Lour Extracts on Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Guangxi Partridge Chickens

[Objective] This trial was to investigate the effect of dietary Picria felterrae Lour extracts on serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Guangxi Partridge chickens. [Method] Totally 500 individuals of 1-day-old Guangxi Partridge chickens were randomly divided into five groups, five replicates each group and 20 chicks each replicate. Groups A, B and C were treatment groups supplemented with 0.70%, 0.35% and0.175% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet, respectively; group D was a medical control group supplemented with 0.01% colistin sulfate premix in the basal diet; and group E was a control group with basal diet. Serum samples were collected from 10 chickens in each group at 21, 35 and 49 days of age, to analyze the biochemical and immune indexes. [Result] It had no significant impact on serum TP and GLU contents of chickens by adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet(P >0.05). However, at 21 and 35 days of age, the TBILI content of chickens in groups A, B and C were extremely lower or significantly lower than that in group E( P<0.01; P<0.05). At 35 days of age, the serum AKP activities in groups A, B and C were extremely higher than that in group E(P<0.01), and the serum GOT activities at 21 and 35 days of age in group C were significantly higher than that in group E(P<0.05). At 49 days of age, the serum Ig G content in groups A, B and C and the IL-2 content in group B and group C were significantly lower or extremely lower than that in group E( P<0.05; P<0.01); the T-AOC content in group B was significantly higher than that in group E(P<0.05); the GSH content in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than that in group E( P<0.05). Adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the diet significantly decreased the TBILI content, reduced the Ig G, IL-2 and IL-6 contents, and improved the AKP and GOT activities and the T-AOC and GSH contents of Guangxi Partridge chicken. [Conclusion] Adding 0.35% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet received the best effort.

补饲胆固醇对高温环境下湖羊母羊繁殖性能和血清生化指标的影响

【目的】研究饲粮中添加胆固醇对中国南方夏季湖羊发情率、受胎率和血清生化指标的影响。【方法】选择108只体重相近(33.60 kg±1.86 kg)的健康湖羊母羊,其中30只湖羊在非高温季节(4月份,平均最高温度20.9℃±3.2℃)饲粮添加不同剂量胆固醇(0.1%和0.5%),ELISA方法检测血清中胆固醇含量的动态变化,筛选合适的胆固醇添加量;另外78只湖羊随机分成2组(对照组和试验组),试验期63 d(从同期发情处理第1天到自然发情后配种的第30天),在夏季高温季节(7-9月份,平均最高温度31.3℃±2.6℃),对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂添加0.1%胆固醇的基础饲粮,ELISA方法检测血清中雌二醇(E2)和孕酮(P4)水平,研究饲粮添加胆固醇对湖羊发情率、受胎率和血清生化指标的影响。【结果】非高温季节湖羊基础饲粮中分别添加0.1%和0.5%胆固醇,48 h后两组湖羊血清中胆固醇含量趋于一致,据此选择0.1%作为高温季节补饲胆固醇的添加剂量。夏季高温季节在补饲0.1%胆固醇的第3、30和63天均能显著提高湖羊血清中胆固醇含量(P<0.05);且试验组湖羊自然发情率(89.7%)高于对照组(82.1%)(P>0.05),受胎率(60.0%)显著高于对照组(46.9%)(P<0.05)。试验组湖羊总蛋白、球蛋白、白细胞介素-1和甘油三酯含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而尿素氮含量显著下降(P<0.05)。【结论】夏季高温环境下,在湖羊母羊饲粮中添加0.1%胆固醇可有效提高其发情率和受胎率。

磁化水对6月龄肉牛生产性能及血清指标的影响

试验旨在研究磁化水对6月龄肉牛生产性能及血清指标的影响。将同一批6月龄左右、体重约300 kg的西门塔尔架子牛212头,随机分为2组。对照组(110头牛)饮用普通水,试验组(102头牛)饮用磁化水。试验期87 d。结果显示,与普通水相比,磁化水的pH值提高了7.91%,总硬度和耗氧量降低了0.36%和13.70%,磁化前后水的菌落总数和大肠杆菌数均为0。与对照组相比,试验组10 d的平均日采食量和平均日增重分别增加了4.41%和5.36%(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组血清超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性分别提高了32.82%(P<0.05)和73.36%(P<0.01),丙二醛含量降低,免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量分别提高了13.85%、3.21%和5.99%,血清尿素氮含量增加了30%(P<0.05),总蛋白含量降低了34.53%(P<0.01),血清胰岛素、生长激素和促生长激素释放激素水平分别提高了10.73%、13.00%和5.04%。研究表明,水被磁化后水质有所改变,磁化水能够增加肉牛采食量和体重,增强血清抗氧化水平、免疫力和生长相关激素水平。

乳酸菌素对肉鸡生长性能、血清指标和肠道健康的影响

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加乳酸菌素对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、血清抗氧化指标、肠道形态以及盲肠微生物区系的影响。选取体重相近、健康的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)白羽肉鸡270只,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加1%和2%乳酸菌素。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加乳酸菌素对生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%乳酸菌素极显著降低21日龄肉鸡血清中尿素氮(UN)含量(P<0.01),饲粮中添加2%乳酸菌素极显著降低21和42日龄肉鸡血清中尿酸(BA)含量(P<0.01)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2%乳酸菌素可显著或极显著提高21(P<0.05)和42日龄(P<0.01)肉鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),显著降低42日龄肉鸡血清丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加乳酸菌素显著提高肉鸡十二指肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度及回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2%乳酸菌素极显著增加21日龄肉鸡盲肠UCG-005的相对丰度(P<0.01),饲粮中添加1%乳酸菌素极显著增加42日龄肉鸡盲肠真杆菌属产粪甾醇真杆菌群的相对丰度(P<0.01)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加乳酸菌素可提高肉鸡血清抗氧化能力,提高小肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度,提升产丁酸盐菌属相对丰度,从而改善肉鸡肠道健康,更有利于饲粮消化吸收。

棉子糖对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道形态以及血清生化和免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量的棉子糖对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道形态以及血清生化和免疫指标的影响。选用120只35日龄、平均体重(1.03±0.05)kg的商品伊拉兔,随机分为4组,每组30只(公母各占1/2),每只为1个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮基础上分别添加0.05%、0.10%和0.20%的棉子糖,预试期5 d,正试期42 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.05%的棉子糖显著增加了肉兔的末重以及试验后期(22~42 d)与全期(1~42 d)的平均日采食量和平均日增重(P<0.05)。2)0.05%棉子糖组肉兔的半净膛重与全净膛重较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。3)0.05%棉子糖组肉兔十二指肠、空肠以及回肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.05%或0.10%的棉子糖显著提高了肉兔血清中免疫球蛋白A与免疫球蛋白M的含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加0.05%的棉子糖可促进肠道发育,改善血清免疫指标,进而提高肉兔的生长性能和屠宰性能。

经鼻肠梗阻导管联合奥曲肽治疗机械性肠梗阻的效果及对胃肠功能的影响

目的:探究经鼻肠梗阻导管(TIC)联合奥曲肽(OTT)治疗机械性肠梗阻(IO)的效果及对胃肠功能的影响。方法:选取2020年5月—2022年12月萍乡市人民医院收治的80例机械性IO患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与联合组,每组40例。对照组采用常规治疗,联合组在对照组基础上增加TIC联合OTT治疗。比较两组临床疗效、胃肠功能、血清指标、疼痛程度、生活质量及并发症。结果:联合组临床总有效率(95.00%)显著高于对照组(75.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组首次排便时间、排气时间、腹胀缓解时间、X线片梗阻消失时间及肠鸣音恢复时间分别为(65.63±8.47)、(69.45±7.33)、(63.47±5.39)、(83.46±8.11)、(31.04±5.78)h,均显著早于对照组的(86.77±9.68)、(79.37±8.55)、(78.41±8.97)、(96.47±9.32)、(43.56±6.22)h,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后联合组血管活性肠肽(VIP)水平为(39.64±5.63)pg/mL,丙二醛(MDA)水平为(1.56±0.22)nmol/mL,均显著低于对照组的(57.43±7.48)pg/mL、(1.88±0.32)nmol/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后联合组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分显著低于对照组,胃肠道生活质量指数(GIQLI)评分显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组并发症发生率(7.50%)显著低于对照组(25.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规治疗基础上TIC联合OTT治疗机械性IO具有较好临床效果,可显著改善肠道功能、血清指标,对患者疼痛有显著缓解作用,同时显著提高患者生活质量,同时不良反应发生率低,具有安全性。

玉米秸秆穰叶对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标及免疫指标的影响

试验旨在研究玉米秸秆穰叶对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响。选取健康状况较好、体重(30.0±3.0)kg的母羊30只,按体重相近原则,随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复5只羊。对照组以整株玉米秸秆作为粗饲料,试验组以玉米秸秆穰叶作为粗饲料,试验组和对照组精料一致。预试期10 d,正式试验期90 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组肉羊的平均日增重提高了10.58%,平均日干物质采食量提高了1.01%,料重比降低了8.66%。试验组肉羊对饲粮中干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙及磷的表观消化率分别比对照组提高了6.52%、8.69%、9.43%、8.17%、8.43%、5.87%和6.51%。试验组肉羊血清中总蛋白含量、球蛋白含量及碱性磷酸酶活性分别比对照组提高了3.41%、10.70%和12.42%,尿素氮含量降低了5.00%。试验组肉羊血清中免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白G、补体C3和补体C分别比对照组提高了5.89%、7.90%、7.58%、6.95%和2.66%。研究表明,与整株玉米秸秆相比,玉米秸秆穰叶是草食家畜的一种优质粗饲料。

配合饲料和冰鲜鱼对大口黑鲈肌肉中氨基酸、脂肪酸的组成和含量以及血清生化指标的影响

为缓解因大量投喂冰鲜鱼造成的大口黑鲈养殖水体污染、病害频发和生产效益降低等问题,加快推进优质配合饲料的开发,开展投喂配合饲料和冰鲜鱼对大口黑鲈营养价值和健康状况影响的研究至关重要。为此,本研究将360尾大口黑鲈分为3个试验组,分别投喂配合饲料、冰鲜鱼和混合饲料(配合饲料和冰鲜鱼的质量各占饲料总质量的50%),在饲喂90 d后对3组大口黑鲈肌肉中矿物元素含量、氨基酸的组成和含量、脂肪酸的组成和含量以及血清生化指标进行分析。结果表明,配合饲料组大口黑鲈肌肉中的Na、Ca、Zn含量显著高于冰鲜鱼组(P<0.05)。与配合饲料组和混合饲料组相比,冰鲜鱼组大口黑鲈肌肉中必需氨基酸总量占氨基酸总量的百分比以及必需氨基酸总量占非必需氨基酸总量的百分比更高。冰鲜鱼组大口黑鲈肌肉中各必需氨基酸的氨基酸评分和化学评分以及必需氨基酸指数均高于配合饲料组。配合饲料组大口黑鲈肌肉中饱和脂肪酸总量显著高于混合饲料组和冰鲜鱼组(P<0.05),但冰鲜鱼组的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)总量、二十碳五烯酸含量和二十二碳六烯酸含量显著高于配合饲料组(P<0.05);与配合饲料组相比,冰鲜鱼组的n-6 PUFA含量更低,n-3 PUFA含量更高(P<0.05),并且脂肪酸品质更优。冰鲜鱼组和混合饲料组血清总蛋白质含量和碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于配合饲料组(P<0.05)。此外,冰鲜鱼组大口黑鲈血清中葡萄糖含量和谷草转氨酶活性最低(P<0.05)。因此,在本研究条件下,配合饲料影响大口黑鲈肌肉的营养价值和肝脏健康,建议参考冰鲜鱼的营养组成,进一步优化配合饲料配方。

复合益生菌发酵饲料对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、粪便微生物菌群和血清指标的影响

试验旨在研究复合益生菌发酵饲料对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、粪便微生物菌群和血清指标的影响。选择64只体重(29.25±0.35) kg、健康的杜寒杂交育肥公羊,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复4只羊。对照组、试验1组、试验2组、试验3组分别在基础饲粮中添加0、5%、10%、15%复合益生菌发酵饲料。试验期60 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验1组平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),试验2组和试验3组末重和平均日增重均显著升高(P<0.05),料重比均显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组和试验3组的粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率均显著升高(P<0.05);试验1组、试验2组和试验3组的乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量均显著升高(P<0.05),大肠杆菌数量均显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组和试验3组的沙门氏菌数量显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验2组、试验3组的免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、白细胞介素-2 (IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著升高(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性以及尿素氮(BUN)、丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,肉羊饲粮中添加10%和15%复合益生菌发酵饲料能够改善肉羊的生长性能、粪便微生物菌群和血清指标,提高养分表观消化率。

青贮黑麦草对奶山羊生产性能、乳成分和血清相关指标的影响

试验旨在探究青贮黑麦草代替饲粮中10%青贮紫花苜蓿对奶山羊生产性能、乳成分和血清相关指标的影响。挑选体重、产奶量、胎次一致的健康奶山羊40只,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只羊。对照组奶山羊饲喂基础饲粮,试验组采用10%青贮黑麦草代替基础饲粮中等量的青贮紫花苜蓿。预试期1周,正式试验期8周(妊娠期和泌乳期均为4周)。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组初生羔羊体重和断奶羔羊存活率均显著升高(P<0.05),乳脂率显著升高(P<0.05),乳体细胞数显著下降(P<0.05);试验组奶山羊血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和球蛋白(GLB)含量均显著升高(P<0.05),甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)含量显著下降(P<0.05)。研究表明,以青贮黑麦草代替10%青贮紫花苜蓿可以提高羔羊存活率和幼羊生长性能,增加奶山羊采食量和产奶量,改善奶山羊的免疫功能,但对奶山羊血清抗氧化和肝功能等相关指标无显著影响。

不同蛋白质、能量水平饲粮对舍饲育肥牦牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同蛋白质、能量水平饲粮对舍饲育肥牦牛生长性能、养分表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响。选取年龄相近、体况良好、体重[(180.00±11.67)kg]相近的公牦牛90头,随机分为9组,每组10头。采用2因素3水平随机区组进行设计,即低(12.5%)、中(15.5%)、高(18.5%)3个蛋白质水平和低(6.5 MJ/kg)、中(7.5 MJ/kg)、高(8.5 MJ/kg)3个综合净能水平,按3×3(蛋白质水平×综合净能水平)设计9种不同蛋白质和能量水平的全混合日粮(TMR),每个试验组饲喂1种,预试期20 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)饲粮蛋白质水平对所测各生长性能指标影响均不显著(P>0.05);饲粮综合净能水平对总增重(TWG)和平均日增重(ADG)影响显著(P<0.05),对料重比(F/G)影响极显著(P<0.01);饲粮蛋白质水平和综合净能水平两者交互对TWG、ADG和F/G影响极显著(P<0.01)。2)饲粮蛋白质水平对粗蛋白质(CP)和粗灰分(Ash)表观消化率影响极显著(P<0.01),对酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和粗纤维(CF)表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05);饲粮综合净能水平对Ash表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05);饲粮蛋白质水平和综合净能水平两者交互对干物质(DM)和Ash表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05)。3)饲粮蛋白质水平对血清尿素氮(UN)含量影响极显著(P<0.01),对磷(P)含量影响显著(P<0.05);饲粮综合净能水平对血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、UN、甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)含量影响极显著(P<0.01),对总胆汁酸(TBA)含量影响显著(P<0.05);饲粮蛋白质水平和综合净能水平两者交互对血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和UN含量影响极显著(P<0.01),对肌酐(CRE)和P含量影响显著(P<0.05)。由此得出,在本试验条件下,饲粮综合净能水平对牦牛生长性能的影响大于蛋白质水平的影响;饲粮蛋白质水平对牦牛养分表观消化率的影响大于综合净能水平对其的影响;饲粮中综合净能水平为8.5 MJ/kg、蛋白质水平为15.5%时,舍饲育肥牦牛生长性能最佳。

CD64指数联合IL-1β、TLR4在诊断结直肠癌患者术后感染中的临床价值

目的探讨CD64指数联合血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)在诊断结直肠癌患者术后切口感染中的临床应用价值。方法以2020年6月至2022年6月收治入院的113例行结直肠癌根治术患者作为研究对象,根据其术后是否发生切口感染,分为感染组与非感染组。分别于术前、术后3 d及术后5 d检测外周血CD64指数及血清IL-1β、TLR4水平,绘制ROC曲线并分析各指标单独及联合应用时诊断结直肠癌术后切口感染的临床应用价值,以及三者与患者切口感染严重程度之间的关系。结果术后3 d及术后5 d,感染组患者CD64指数以及血清IL-1β、TLR4水平均高于非感染组;术后3 d,感染组患者CD64指数、血清IL-1β及TLR4水平均较术前明显上升;术后5 d,感染组各指标均较术后3 d有所下降,但依旧高于术前水平,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非感染组患者术前、术后3 d以及术后5 d CD64指数、IL-1β、TLR4水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以术后3 d作为预测结直肠癌术后感染的时间点绘制各指标的ROC曲线,结果发现CD64指数、血清IL-1β、TLR4单独及三者联合应用预测结直肠癌术后感染的AUC^(ROC)分别为0.937、0.901、0.790及0.997(95%CI:0.992~1.000),各指标单独应用能较好地预测结直肠癌术后感染,三者联合应用的预测效能最高。结论外周血CD64指数、血清IL-1β、TLR4在预测结直肠癌术后切口感染中具有良好效能,三者联合应用的预测效能最高,可作为临床筛查术后感染的早期预测指标。