一磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是细胞内两个重要的能量感受分子。AMPK主要调控分解代谢,而mTOR主要影响合成代谢,两者在调控细胞代谢平衡...一磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是细胞内两个重要的能量感受分子。AMPK主要调控分解代谢,而mTOR主要影响合成代谢,两者在调控细胞代谢平衡过程中发挥重要作用。Sestrins是新近发现的一类进化高度保守的应激诱导蛋白,可保护细胞免受氧化应激的损伤。此外,Sestrins还能调控AMPK/mTOR信号通路活性,从而影响组织细胞的能量代谢稳态,但其机制尚不明确。本文将主要针对Sestrins与AMPK/mTOR信号通路之间的调控关系以及对细胞能量代谢影响的最新研究进展加以综述。展开更多
Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory dysfunction.However,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing loss.Her...Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory dysfunction.However,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing loss.Here,we present evidence suggesting that the lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor–tranylcypromine is an otoprotective agent that could be used to treat noise-induced hearing loss,and elucidate its underlying regulatory mechanisms.We established a mouse model of permanent threshold shift hearing loss by exposing the mice to white broadband noise at a sound pressure level of 120 d B for 4 hours.We found that tranylcypromine treatment led to the upregulation of Sestrin2(SESN2)and activation of the autophagy markers light chain 3B and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 in the cochleae of mice treated with tranylcypromine.The noise exposure group treated with tranylcypromine showed significantly lower average auditory brainstem response hearing thresholds at click,4,8,and 16 k Hz frequencies compared with the noise exposure group treated with saline.These findings indicate that tranylcypromine treatment resulted in increased SESN2,light chain 3B,and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 expression after noise exposure,leading to a reduction in levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and cleaved caspase-3,thereby reducing noise-induced hair cell loss.Additionally,immunoblot analysis demonstrated that treatment with tranylcypromine upregulated SESN2 expression via the autophagy pathway.Tranylcypromine treatment also reduced the production of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domaincontaining 3(NLRP3)production.In conclusion,our results showed that tranylcypromine treatment ameliorated cochlear inflammation by promoting the expression of SESN2,which induced autophagy,thereby restricting NLRP3-related inflammasome signaling,alleviating cochlear hair cell loss,and protecting hearing function.These findings suggest that inhibiting lysine-specific demethylase 1 is a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing hair cell loss and noise-induced hearing loss.展开更多
文摘一磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是细胞内两个重要的能量感受分子。AMPK主要调控分解代谢,而mTOR主要影响合成代谢,两者在调控细胞代谢平衡过程中发挥重要作用。Sestrins是新近发现的一类进化高度保守的应激诱导蛋白,可保护细胞免受氧化应激的损伤。此外,Sestrins还能调控AMPK/mTOR信号通路活性,从而影响组织细胞的能量代谢稳态,但其机制尚不明确。本文将主要针对Sestrins与AMPK/mTOR信号通路之间的调控关系以及对细胞能量代谢影响的最新研究进展加以综述。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFC2402701(to WC)Key International(Regional)Joint Research Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81820108009(to SY)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81970890(to WC)and 82371148(to WG)Fujian Provincial Healthcare Young and Middle-aged Backbone Talent Training Project,No.2023GGA035(to XC)Spring City Planthe High-level Talent Promotion and Training Project of Kunming,No.2022SCP001(to SY)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province of China,No.824MS052(to XS)the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Innovation Cultivation,No.CXPY202116(to LX)。
文摘Noise-induced hearing loss is the primary non-genetic factor contributing to auditory dysfunction.However,there are currently no effective pharmacological interventions for patients with noise-induced hearing loss.Here,we present evidence suggesting that the lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor–tranylcypromine is an otoprotective agent that could be used to treat noise-induced hearing loss,and elucidate its underlying regulatory mechanisms.We established a mouse model of permanent threshold shift hearing loss by exposing the mice to white broadband noise at a sound pressure level of 120 d B for 4 hours.We found that tranylcypromine treatment led to the upregulation of Sestrin2(SESN2)and activation of the autophagy markers light chain 3B and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 in the cochleae of mice treated with tranylcypromine.The noise exposure group treated with tranylcypromine showed significantly lower average auditory brainstem response hearing thresholds at click,4,8,and 16 k Hz frequencies compared with the noise exposure group treated with saline.These findings indicate that tranylcypromine treatment resulted in increased SESN2,light chain 3B,and lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 expression after noise exposure,leading to a reduction in levels of 4-hydroxynonenal and cleaved caspase-3,thereby reducing noise-induced hair cell loss.Additionally,immunoblot analysis demonstrated that treatment with tranylcypromine upregulated SESN2 expression via the autophagy pathway.Tranylcypromine treatment also reduced the production of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domaincontaining 3(NLRP3)production.In conclusion,our results showed that tranylcypromine treatment ameliorated cochlear inflammation by promoting the expression of SESN2,which induced autophagy,thereby restricting NLRP3-related inflammasome signaling,alleviating cochlear hair cell loss,and protecting hearing function.These findings suggest that inhibiting lysine-specific demethylase 1 is a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing hair cell loss and noise-induced hearing loss.
