Quality Provision of Comprehensive Sexuality Education and Sexual and Reproductive Health in Resource Constrained Higher Education Institutions: A Case of Mukuba University

In an effort to ensure that Institutions of Higher Learning provide quality Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) and Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) at the level of Universities and Colleges, indeveloping countries such as Zambia, some universities have engaged in offering programmes and services in CSE and SRH. However, the provision of such programmes has had some limitations in terms of resources to ensure quality delivery. As a result, there was a need to examine the provision of CSE and SRH in a resource constrained Mukuba University. The study has three research objectives: 1) to examine the CSE and SRH programmes and services that are available at Mukuba University;2) to determine the actual resources available for the University to ensure quality provision of CSE and SRH to students;3) to use views and opinions of students and academics to examine the extent to which the CSE and SRH are reflected as standards by UNESCO and universities and colleges. The study took a pragmatic philosophy stance and convergent parallel research design of mixed methods;the primary approach is qualitative which will be analysed using thematic analysis, while the quantitative approach was secondary and the data was analysed using descriptive statistics. The study envisaged some implications that include the rise in communicable diseases such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), gender based violence, general lack of information on matters relating to CSE and SRH among students at Mukuba University. The policy implication is that policy makers will be able to formulate policies that address the needs and challenges of students in providing quality CSE and SRH programmes and services for a university that is constrained with resources. The study found that there was a need to contextualize the quality provision of CSE and SRH at an institutional level, for instance, Mukuba University has created an enabling environment for quality provision of CSE and SRH activities and programmes through training of the stakeholders. Further, it was found that in any successful programme, it is expected to meet certain challenges that might in some cases make it difficult to implement the programme as envisaged. In other words, this study has revealed that there are some drawbacks as well as lessons that Mukuba University could learn from other universities that offer CSE and SRH. The study provides a synergistic conceptual model that could be used in the implementation of CSE and SRH in colleges and universities for sustainability. It is hoped that this study has proved that even with limited resources a university can provide CSE and SHR programmes and services without depending on support from other external funders and cooperating partners.

The road not taken:sexuality education and its associations with sexual knowledge and attitudes among senior high school students in rural areas of Western China

The poor performance and limited availability of sexuality education programs in rural areas of western China increase the danger of younger cohorts being exposed to sexually transmitted diseases(STDs)and engaging in risky sexual behaviors.A traditionally conservative culture,low levels of economic development and the relative lack of faculty resources all contribute to the weakness of sexuality education efforts.This study uses a sample of 164 boys and 195 girls who were senior high school students aged 15-19 in rural western China in 2017.The study aims to explore sexuality education,and sexual and reproductive behaviors,and to identify associations between sexuality education and sexual knowledge and attitudes among adolescents in rural western China.The results reveal a positive association between courses about reproductive health and lectures about STDs,and sexual knowledge;and a positive association between lectures about STDs and sexual attitudes.Our study also found that access to consulting services provided by governmental organization in the field of family planning and reproductive health helped rural adolescents enhance their sexual knowledge.Making such services available appears to offer a feasible method to develop a comprehensive sexuality education system in western China.The study concludes that an improved school-based sexuality education program strictly implemented as a part of the standard school curriculum is an effective way to increase sexual knowledge and promote de-stigmatized sexual attitudes among adolescents in rural western China.

Education for Sexualities in the Voices of Its Protagonists： An Experience in Context

Introduction： this work narrates the experience of the implementation of CSE （Comprehensive Sexual Education） in Argentina, at the Faculty of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences of the Autonomous University of Entre Ríos, within the “School Program of Comprehensive Sexual Education” （SPCSE） developed at compulsory schooling in the voices of teachers and the school management team. Aims： The aims of this paper are to share some of the issues that characterize the SPCSE modality, some progress and obstacles of its implementation, as well as to value the experiences of those who carry out the CSE, in order to know what happens when it comes to the classroom. Methods： it was qualitative, through the use of questionnaires to 13 elementary teachers and in-depth interviews with 5 key informants for the role they played in the management. They were analyzed and relevant data were selected, central ideas were elaborated and relationships and reflections derived from this process. Results： As obstacles or initial resistances, training, relationship with families, school practices, among others, predominated. As potentialities, those who embraced the CSE see it as enriching on a personal and professional level, not only in relation to the contents and the predisposition for learning, but also in the construction of more affective relationships. Conclusions： We recognize the great transformation potential of the CSE. Its implementation requires a systemic and sustainable change. In this sense, those of us who are part of this program are highly committed to developing strategies to face the difficulties and weaknesses in order to meet the needs of each school community. In order that the respect for human rights is visible and real, they are principles and convictions that are supported by the policies of the faculty.

The Educational System Against Sexually Transmitted Diseases:Optics in the Brazilian School Context

The aim of this study was to contribute to the teaching of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs)in high schools.The study was done from the research knowledge about STDs of 61 students from two schools of Rio Claro-SP,Brazil:A state and a private school,through a questionnaire(pre-test)and an interview with two biology professors,and each one from each school.The results indicated that,in general,the students in the private school had more knowledge about the subject.The public school students showed more problems with knowledge about the symptoms of STDs.In those two schools,the knowledge on the subject proved to be generic and superficial.According to the biology teachers,both of them teach about the content,and the teaching material contains themes of sexuality and STDs.From these results,an intervention was developed with students,using methods such as group dynamics and lecture dialogued lessons.After the intervention,there was an increase in the percentage of correct answers for the students of both schools(post-test)which shows that it was effective.We conclude that this work has achieved the objective of clarifying the theme to the students,but lack the schools a better dialogue with them for the planning of this content,since,although it is foreseen the your teaching,you're not going on an apprenticeship.

The Social Determinants of Health in Relation to Sexually Transmitted Infections in Maricopa County Arizona

Based on the information that was collected on the County Health Rankings website [1], one of the top health concerns for Maricopa County was sexually transmitted infections or STIs. A big concern with STIs is this is not a common subject explored in educational settings or addressed socially. There are many organizations, including the CDC, that have access to materials, there is limited distribution of the educational content. Therefore, the public is not well informed and lacks the information to make educated decisions. The areas with insufficiencies are knowledge of the disease processes, prevention, and treatment.