Specialization or Diversification:Which is More Conducive to Foreign Trade Resilience?Evidence from China-Russia Border Regions in Northeast China

Under the background of complex international situation,how to build the special geo-economic space of China-Russia bor-der lies in strengthening their foreign trade resilience against external shocks.Based on empirical evidence from ten prefecture-level China-Russia border regions in Northeast China,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of foreign trade resilience under dif-ferent shocks.Furthermore,through the Panel Regression model,the mechanism of the industrial structure on the foreign trade resili-ence in contraction period and expansion period was discussed.The results showed that:1)from 2004 to 2021,foreign trade in China-Russia border regions experienced five phases.The overall foreign trade resilience was higher than expected,showing a rising volatility trend,but there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the ability of cities to cope with shocks.2)Highly specialized clusters were mainly concentrated in Yichun,Heihe and Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture,while Mudanjiang and Yanbian performed better in related and unrelated diversification.3)In different stages of economic system evolution,the response mode,degree and result of border foreign trade resilience to regional industrial structure showed obvious stage characteristics.During the contraction period,related diversifica-tion was more conducive to improving the resistance through risk spillovers.During the expansion period,specialization played a more significant role in improving regional resilience through self-reinforcing effect.These results are beneficial for expanding the resilience theory,ensuring border economic security and optimizing border industrial investment layout.

Public choice on coordinated development of border regions and its empirical research:a case study of Wuling mountain area

Due to the difficult segmentation of land destiny, popularity destiny, industry destiny on the platform of common interests demand, the regional governance of production and living for the needs of the people in cross-regional areas, such as in the aspects of security, education, assignment and management of water resources, transportation, energy, environment protection and public health, the administrative border regional cooperation is relatively easy. These aspects are equivalent to public products. Just because of this, it leads to problems that nobody will not control. The governments, in order to realize regional economic coordinated development and to eliminate the regional interests parties of administrative regions economy in microcosmic, were adapting various self-protection measures, even including that "you may have your policy but I have my countermeasures" that is derived from inter-regional economic relations. The action of market segmentation has limited the flow of various economic development elements, especially the condition of "dead end highway", resource exploitation and use, difficult social security work in social living of the administrative boundary zone. This paper studies the typical economical district of Wuling mountain area in the obvious strategic position at the junction of Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei provinces from the angle of regional public management and public choice to present issue awareness and academic purpose.

CONCEPTION OF ESTABLISHING THE SINO-RUSSIAN BORDER FREE ECONOMIC REGION

So called free economic region is a special region without jurisdiction of customs, delimited by one country. There are mainly four types of free economic region, that is, commercial type of free economic region —free port, industrial type of free economic region — export processing area, integrated commercial and trade type of free economic region — free trade zone, and scientific and technological type of free economic region — scientific industrial park. With the development of free economic region of different countries, besides free economic region within one country, there appear transnational border free economic region established by two or multiple countries. Analysing favorable factors and unfavorable factors to establish the free economic region for China and Russia, for example, China and Russia have land boundary line of 4282.7 km; China and Russia may strengthen overall cooperation in politics, military, economy, science and technology, culture, etc. making full use of geographical factors of the two countries, borders; there is a strong complementarity in resources, labour force etc. for China and Russia; strengthening the Sino Russian economic trade cooperation is needed, the authors proposed a conception and selected four comparative ideal locations for establishing the Sino Russian border free economic region: Manzhouli Zabaikalye Free Economic Region, Heihe Blagoveshchensk Free Economic Region, Suifenhe Pogranichnyy Free Economic Region, Hunchun Hasan Free Economic Region. Finally the principles and patterns for establishing free economic region are discussed.

A Toxicological Assessment of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Found in the BMW (Border, Midland and Western) Region of Ireland

A battery of tests was established to determine the oestrogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic potential of two categories of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), phthalates and alkylphenols. Diisononylphthalate (DINP), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), dibutylphthalate (DBP), diisododecylphthalate (DIDP) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) were oestrogenic in the yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay and potently oestrogenic in the MVLN and E-SCREEN assays at environmentally relevant concentrations. DINP and 4-NP were mutagenic in the Ames assay and also induced significant levels of unscheduled DNA synthesis and DNA strand breakage. Significant induction in the percentage of cells containing micronuclei was observed after treatment with DINP, DEHP and 4-NP. In addition, sewage effluents from sewage treatment plants (STPs) in the Border, Midlands and Western (BMW) region of Ireland were significantly oestrogenic in the YES assay. Moreover, analysis of levels of phthalates and alkylphenol identified in Irish rivers receiving treated effluent showed potent oestrogenicity in the YES assay. The proliferative and genotoxic ability of the phthalates and alkylphenol, and the oestrogenicity of the treated effluents reported here, is significant as these EDCs and EDCs within the effluent may play a role in the etiology of human abnormalities.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS-BORDER REGIONS:A METHODOLOGICAL STUDY

The exploitation and protection of natural and environmental resources have posed a growing challenge to cross-border regions. In this paper, a methodological study in relation to the sustainable development of cross-border regions is conducted. Our particular interest focuses on the locational characteristics of cross-border regions as well as their economic implications to the cross-border governments. Based on a sustainable development model from which the optimal outputs of different kinds of border-regions can be derived, we try to methodologically help cross-border governments to reach a final agreement of sustainable development of natural and environmental resources.It is concluded that the methods by which the net benefits among the sub-regions can be redistributed may be: 1) to equalize the absolute values of net benefit among all sub-regions concerned; and 2) to equalize the relative values of net benefit among all sub-regions concerned.

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF SPATIAL ORGANZATIONAL STRUCTURES ON THE PROVINCIAL BORDER－REGIONS OF CHINA

Based on the spatial organizational structures of the provincial border-regions (a border-region is one which borders two or more independent administrative regions), we build a spatial economic model for N-provincial border-regions (a N-p border-region is one which is under the jurisdiction of N provincial governments) and find that, for a given region with same geographical condition and resources endowment, the largest output of a N-p border-regional system will not exceed that ofa (N-1)-p border-regional system, i.e., F. Using the model in this paper, we present a quantitative method to calculate the economic impacts of 'provincial borders' and apply it to the border-region of Shanxi, Hebei, Shangdong, and Henan provinces. The result shows that the economic potential in the border-region hasnot been efficiently exploited and that the annual gross agricultural products have decreased by 10.4% due to the 4-p borders.

Regional Stress Field and Seismic Dynamics Along the Border Zone Between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces

The regional stress field and seismic dynamics along the border zone between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces are studied based on the seismo-geological data,GPS measurement, and seismicity. The results show that: (1) the principal compressional stress of the stress field is oriented in NW-SE direction and the principal extensional stress is in NE-SW direction; (2) the WNW-ward compression and collision of the Philippine Sea Plate to the eastern coast of Taiwan Island are the most direct and most important dynamic source for preparation and occurrence of strong earthquakes in the Taiwan Region and along the border zone between Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces.

革命课程话语的诞生——论中国共产党在陕甘宁边区的课程改革

中国共产党领导的陕甘宁边区的课程改革,创造性地建构了承载着红色文化的革命课程话语,其形成经历了全民族抗战的国防课程、提高质量的正规化课程、联系实际的本土化课程、转向文化知识的新型正规化课程四个历史阶段。革命课程话语的知识谱系与内涵集中地反映在政治、国文、历史三科之中,表现出贯穿唯物主义精神,促进语言文字大众化,以人民为社会历史的创造者等价值取向。革命课程话语的文化实践与价值意蕴体现在充分发挥育人价值,发扬人的主体自觉性;推动民族解放与独立,形成民族认同;造就民族国家共同体,并提供强大的精神动力;承载红色文化,形成革命的优良传统,探索出了一条本土化的中国课程道路。

话语转变与政治动员——论陕甘宁文艺运动中的“下乡入伍”

“下乡入伍”是抗战时期的一项重要文化政策和实践。与重口号宣传而轻组织动员的国统区大后方相比,在中国共产党领导下的陕甘宁边区,“下乡入伍”作为延安知识分子了解、反映边区军民生活的重要途径,不仅得到了边区机关、学校及各类协会的高度重视和有效组织,成为陕甘宁文艺运动的一个部分;更因为延安文艺座谈会的召开划分为各具特征的前后两期,在起到知识分子话语转变作用的同时,也对边区军民民族、国家意识的培养及其对中国共产党意识形态、政策制度的接受认可方面,发挥出巨大的政治动员效应。

以文化之名:民国时期政学两界对“中国式边疆”现代化的思考

民国时期政学两界对“边疆”的界定除了基于政治与地理意义外,更多考察其“文化”元素,普遍认为如不从“文化”着眼,无法道尽“边疆的涵义”。这是一种典型的“中国式边疆”,形成了“中国边疆”独特的“边疆性”,由此中国边政内涵也极为丰富。“边疆性”之形成,既然主要来自“文化”因素,那么边疆现代化的实质就是要消除“边疆性”,让其失去“文化上的意义”。所谓“文化”,包括物质文化和精神文化。消除“边疆性”并非抹杀文化,而是通过发展经济和增进认同,按李安宅的观点,就是要通过物质和精神的“区域分工”,也就是要实现边疆现代化及其与内地的一体化。

20世纪40年代陕甘宁边区的食盐运输合作事业——以南区合作社运输队为个案

20世纪40年代,食盐的运输和外销是封锁环境下陕甘宁边区财政自给自足的依靠。为确保按期收到公盐,便利人民运输并提高边区运输力量,党和政府提倡广泛地“组织起来”,发展食盐运输合作事业。在党政的坚强领导下,南区合作社运输队历经三个主要的发展阶段,创造和积累了一套有效经验,带动边区盐运成功地突破个体运输局限,成为全边区食盐运输合作事业的模范。

百年中国法治历史中的陕西党史元素

中国特色社会主义法治模式,是百年来中国共产党领导法治的探索成果,是从革命时期局部执政到当代中国治国理政法治经验的总结。党领导法治的历史,特别是中共中央在延安的十三年,蕴含着丰富的陕西党史元素,不仅体现在局部执政的法治建设、依规治党的经验,还体现为陕西党史中的红色法制历程。总结和凝练党领导法治历史中的陕西元素,有助于理解当代中国的法治,拓展陕西党史的研究。

全面抗战时期陕甘宁边区乡村党员教育研究

全面抗战时期,陕甘宁边区持续开展党员教育,以提高农民党员的思想认识与政治水平,引导广大乡村党员干部坚定理想信念和政治方向,围绕党的政治路线和中心工作,坚持抗日民族统一战线,一切为战胜日本帝国主义而奋斗。在中共中央、西北局(边区党委、边区中央局)领导下,边区乡村党员教育以西北局高干会为界,分为前后两个阶段。前一阶段,乡村党员教育中的教条主义、主观主义比较严重,教学方式以照本宣科为主,教育形式主要是流动训练班,教材内容艰深、枯燥无味。后一阶段,结合全党整风,较好地纠正了党员教育中存在的偏差,面向乡村党员干部的扫盲教育与政治教育取得显著效果,基本实现了巩固和发展党员的目标。

RCEP背景下广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务高质量发展路径研究

广西是对接中国和东盟的“桥头堡”,同时东盟国家也是广西开展跨境电子商务的最重要贸易对象,RCEP背景下,东盟的跨境电子商务市场潜力愈发巨大。基于此,广西的跨境电子商务在新的营商环境中需进一步优化和完善,以实现高质量发展。当前,广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务存在部分RCEP成员电商普及程度较低,区域内跨境电子商务平台交易规则参差不齐、物流体系不完善、交易支付体系未对接、复合型人才短缺等问题。因此,本文建议从加强区域内深度合作、整合成熟电商平台资源、优化物流网络体系、完善交易支付体系、培养新型跨境电子商务人才及政策保障支持等方面促进广西面向东盟的跨境电子商务的高质量发展。

中国纺织业跨境电商集聚及其对区域经济增长的影响分析

跨境电商已成为产业升级、地区发展的重要路径。采用空间基尼系数和区位熵指数,测度2012—2021年全国31省/市的纺织业跨境电商集聚水平,探索其对区域经济增长的影响效应。结果表明:在考察期内纺织业跨境电商产业集聚现象突出,但集聚程度呈现下降趋势;分地区看,江苏、浙江、河北、湖北4省的集聚度高且增速较快,产业竞争优势较大,山东省集聚度也较为明显但逐渐丧失产业竞争优势;从影响效应看,纺织业跨境电商集聚能够促进区域经济增长。作为新型贸易方式的跨境电商集聚发展对区域经济增长的促进作用已经较为明显,对区域产业发展政策的制定有借鉴意义。

冀鲁豫边区革命史研究述评

冀鲁豫边区革命史研究大致呈现为三个阶段:1981年至1996年,史料汇编大量出现,探索性研究形式表现为对基础文献资料的整理;1997年至2015年,史料进一步完善,学术研究开始起步;2016年至今,学术研究领域不断拓展深入,呈现加速发展态势。研究内容涉及冀鲁豫边区的党、政、军建设等各方面的历史,研究的广度、深度、高度不断增强,学界的关注度不断提升。展望未来,要深入挖掘冀鲁豫边区革命史史料,强化研究的系统性、理论性,深化研究的时代价值,推进多种研究方法与学科视角的综合研究。

泸州南部彝族地区三产跨界综合发展研究

调研分析发现,泸南彝族地区发展一产和三产(旅游)的条件较好,而发展二产的条件较差。因此,建议着力发展特色第一产业,配套、节制发展第二产业,大力发展特色旅游业。通过一产做特做好做强旅游潜力,三产做灵做活做厚乡土风味,精心设计“两产”跨界发展、协调发展,促进泸南彝族地区乡村振兴。

论香港地区与内地个人信息的协同保护

数字时代为香港地区与内地个人信息的协同保护提供了历史契机。相较于欧盟提倡的“统一标准规制模式”,新近区域贸易协定(RTAs)发展出的个人信息保护的“求同与存异并举规制模式”,更有利于在协调香港地区与内地个人信息保护制度差异的同时,保持香港地区的独特地位和优势。数字时代推动香港地区与内地个人信息协同保护,应统筹发展与安全,确立香港地区与内地间个人信息自由跨境原则的同时规定例外条款作为安全阀机制;坚持“求同与存异”并举,在尊重香港地区个人信息保护制度独特性的同时充分协调两地个人信息保护法律的基本原则框架;加强交流与合作,构建更加灵活多元的跨境个人信息协同保护制度机制。

湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的空间分异及其影响因素

厘清红色村落保护水平的空间差异性及影响因素,对湘赣边区传承红色基因、赓续民族精神、推进乡村振兴至关重要。通过构建红色村落保护分析框架,依次运用Arc GIS空间分析方法、逐步回归、地理加权回归模型,探究湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的空间分异及影响因素。研究表明:(1)红色村落保护研究模型包含评价模型与影响因素模型,评价模型涵盖宏观区域保护水平和微观社区保护水平,基于时空特征的区域保护水平是较为适配的模型;影响因素模型包括依据自然地理和社会经济划分的两类基本模型。(2)湘赣边区红色村落区域保护水平空间分异现象明显,空间分布上呈现“一带–三核心”连片分布结构形态;井冈山市保存率与保存密度均为最高,分别为4.72%、38.52个/万 km^(2)。(3)影响湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的自然地理因素为海拔、地貌、水系、中心市县和交通;社会经济类因素影响效应存在显著空间异质性,就影响程度而言,呈“文化基底>人口规模>经济发展>产业基础”的位序。

新发展格局下湘赣边区域合作示范区建设成效、现实困境与优化路径

近年来,湘赣边区域合作示范区不断深化拓展合作领域,在合作机制、产业协同、文化旅游、政务服务、生态环境等领域都有不同程度的合作,取得显著成效,但也存在着各县(市、区)经济发展非均衡性扩大、现代产业体系不健全、高科技产业布局偏少、优秀人才流失现象比较严重、跨区域合作机制有待完善等现实困境。未来,应抓住湘赣边区域合作上升为国家战略的契机,推动现代产业集群发展;建立多个区域性中心城市,缩小城市发展差距;持续强化人才引育和服务力度,为湘赣边区域合作提供坚强人才支撑;推进跨区域合作制度和标准对接,推动多领域、多层次的合作共建,最终实现从省际边界区合作共识到合作共建的“湘赣边模式”新跨越。