“Between Heaven and Earth” Scientific Basis of the Action of Shao Yin: Lightning’s Physical-Mathematical Analysis

In an analytic methodological approach, TCM Shao Yin circuit and Lightning physics are compared in order to provide an academic support to relate these phenomena. The aim of this work is to offer a scientific description contrasting both events, so to find an electrophysiological explanation for the complementary resuscitation maneuver over K-1 Yongquan acupuncture point.

Effects of Dan-shao-hua-xian on expression of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappa B in rat liver fibrosis

BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) play important roles in liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dan-shao-hua-xian, a preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, on the expression of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappa B in the fibrotic livers of rats. METHODS: Seventy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: treatment (model, 8 weeks+treatment, 8 weeks; group A), natural recovery (model, 8 weeks+ saline, 8 weeks; group B), model (model only, 8 weeks; group Q, and control (normal, untreated, 16 weeks; group D). Each group consisted of 20 rats (except for group D, which had 10). Fibrotic liver models were induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of CCI4, oral administration of alcohol and a high-lipid/low-protein diet for 8 weeks. After the models were established, the rats in group A were orally given Dan-shao-hua-xian capsules daily for another 8 weeks. Then, the liver indices serum hyaluronic acid (HA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured. The degree of hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by optical microscopy. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) in the liver tissue was determined. The expression of PPAR-gamma was detected by immunohistochemical techniques. The protein levels of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappa B were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The concentrations of serum HA, TNF-alpha and Hyp in group C increased compared with group D (P<0.05), and they decreased in group A compared with group C (P<0.05). The expression of PPAR-gamma in group C decreased compared with group D (P<0.05), and it increased in group A compared with groups B and C (P<0.05). Similarly, Western blotting showed that the expression of PPAR-gamma in group C decreased compared with group D, and it increased in group A compared with group C. The expression of NF-kappa B increased in group C compared with group D (P<0.05), and it decreased in group A compared with group C (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dan-shao-hua-xian capsules enhance the expression of PPAR-gamma but decrease that of TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B in the liver tissues of CCI4-induced hepatic fibrotic rats. These effects may play a role in its activity in treating hepatic fibrosis.

Network Pharmacology-based Analysis of the Mechanism of Action of the Herb Pair Chai Hu-Bai Shao

Objective To analyze the mechanism of action and compatibility of the active compounds of the traditional herb pair Bupleuri Radix(Chai Hu,CH,柴胡)-Paeoniae Radix Alba(Bai Shao,BS,白芍).Methods All chemical compounds related to CH and BS were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database(TCMID),Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Batman-TCM),Traditional Chinese Medicine Database@Taiwan(TCM Database@Taiwan),and the literature.Relevant compounds were screened for oral bioavailability(OB),drug-likeness(DL),and the Caco-2 cell model.The Uniprot,Genecard,and CTD databases were used to obtain information on potential targets and diseases of associated compounds.Based on this,Cytoscape 3.2.1 software,GO enrichment analysis,and KEGG pathway enrichment were used to analyze the potential mechanism of action and pathways of the CH-BS drug combination.Results A total of 23 active compounds of CH and BS were indentified after meeting specific criteria by network pharmacology,showing 79 predicted targets of active compounds.Among them,all targets were associated with 344 diseases,and the compounds in CH and BS were connected to 94 pathways and biological,such as calcium signaling pathway,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and TNF signaling pathway.Conclusions Our results preliminarily validated the main compounds in CH-BS herb pair interacted with multiple targets in different diseases,and the molecular mechanism of these compounds involves multiple pathways,thereby establishing a good foundation for further studies.

Chinese Four Big Forests of Steles——by our staff reporter Shao De

The chinese upright stone tablets started building early inQindynasty which were called stone-carving in the Initial stage.After the Eastern Han Dynasty, they were gradually changed name as"tablets" or "steles" with the increasing of carved stones. Greatnumbers of stone tablets standing like trees in forest, were later

Experience of Professor Shao Mingxi in treating knee osteoarthritis based on "Bin Si Xue" acupuncture

Objective: To introduce the clinical experience and treatment characteristics of Professor Shao Mingxi's acupuncture penetrating "Four Four Points" to treat knee osteoarthritis. Methods:By following the teacher's professor Shao Mingxi, he should learn to pierce "Four Points", collect their test cases for the diagnosis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis, and summarize their diagnosis and treatment experience and clinical characteristics. Results: The method of Professor Shao Ming-Xi's "Bin Si Xue" connected with four fingers push in treatment of knee osteoarthritis is notably effective. Conclusions: Professor Shao Mingxi's unique experience in treating knee osteoarthritis with acupuncture needles at "Four Points" The effect is remarkable, and the preliminary summary is summarized to inherit the experience of famous old Chinese medicine.

Shao Steel Products

The Guangdong Shao Steel Group Corporation, a comprehensive steel

Zen Master Yuan Shao and His Mission to Cochinchina in the Seventeenth Century

When learning about the history of Buddhism in Vietnam,it is impossible not to mention the veteran bonzes of Linji School and Caodong School who traveled to Cochinchina to propagate Buddhism in the 17th century by sea.Zen Master Yuan Shao,known as one of the pioneers of Linji Chan School,laid the foundation for the formation and development of this school which still exists today.Based on previous studies from the perspective of Buddhist cultural exchanges between Cochinchina and China at that time,this article focuses on analyzing the social context,biography and preaching of Yuan Shao,a well-known zen master,in this area in order to present the significance of his contributions to Cochinchina Buddhism.The research methodology of the article is mainly based on the analysis and comparison of historical documents,records,related archeology.The above basic contents will be presented in an objective and systematic way as well as some raised scholarly debate is still ahead.

Love Makes Their Life Worth——Story about Shao Junke's help for the handicapped

The handicapped, a special group in society, usually encounter many difficulties in employment, marriage, and daily life.Some difficulties are what they cannot conquer by themselves. It is also not easy for them to integrate into society. However, if there is a person who helps the hand- icapped find a job, build up confidence and make their life worth; if there is a person who helps them set up their families and incorporate in a harmonious community;

Work Hard to Ensure Food,Drugs Safety for the People——An interview with Shao Mingli,director-general of the State Food and Drug Administration(SFDA)

Following is an interview given by Shao Mingli, director-general of China＇s State Food and Drug Administration to our reporter on what is being done to ensure food and drug safety in China. As everybody knows, food and drug safety is vital to people＇s lives.

Clinical application and research of Shao's “three-acupoint and five-needling method”

Professor SHAO Jing-ming has obtained more significant effect during the clinical practice in treatment of wheezing diseases by adopting ＂three-acupoint and five-needling method＂ created by himself, and the effect has been widely recognized by doctors and patients. After decades of development, Shao＇s ＂three-acupoint and five-needling method＂ has become a therapy with complete theoretical system and a large number of clinical research achievements, and its application scope has been expanded. In this paper, the achievements of Shao＇s ＂three-acupoint and five-needling method＂ during clinical studies in the early, middle and current development stages and related problems were reviewed comprehensively.

发头裸腹Shao生物学特征的初步研究

研究了温度、食物对发头裸腹Shao的生长、生殖和寿命的影响。结果：水温高。发头裸腹Shao的生长快；用月形藻培养产仔早；在富含单衣藻、隐藻的池水中，其个体产仔量高；水温低，其寿命长；自然水域中，它的种群衰退与水温高低关系不大，但与饵料多寡，种间竞争有关。

明代勺园水系空间格局及其景观意象营造研究

米万钟在北京修建的勺园是晚明时期私家园林的传世经典之作。借助明代勺园的历史图像及文献中形象与意象的描述,探讨水系景观在晚明时期园林中的积极作用;从空间营造视角出发,深度剖析园林水系景观的营造内核;将研究视点从平面图像转移到园林空间体系,明晰勺园水系景观一河两岸的空间格局,并梳理勺园水系景观意象与营造思想;最终通过分析明代水系景观空间格局的转变,探究晚明时期政治背景、文化内涵及时代风格等对园林水景空间的影响,探寻明代北方园林水系景观形成的历史契机与意义。旨在丰富现有传统园林水系景观营造理论,将水系景观空间作为继承园林文化传统的重要支撑,为当代园林水系景观营造及研究提供理论依据。

Comparing the Effect of An's Shaobei Injection(安氏芍倍注射液) with Xiaozhiling Injection(消痔灵注射液) in Patients with Internal Hemorrhoids of GradeⅠ-Ⅲ:A Prospective Cohort Study

Objective： To compare the effect of An＇s Shaobei Injection （安氏芍倍注射液） with Xiaozhiling Injection （消痔灵注射液） in patients with internal hemorrhoids of grade 1-11I. Methods： This cohort study included 1,520 internal hemorrhoids patients with grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ who were scheduled for liquid injection treatment from July 2003 to July 2009. The cohort included patients who underwent either An＇s Shaobei Injection treatment （the treatment group, 760 cases） or Xiaozhiling Injection treatment （the control group, 760 cases）. All patients were followed up regularly for 3 years; the observing indices included anal function recovery and clinical response after operation. Results： Among the 1,520 patients, 1,508 （99.2%） completed the 3-year follow-up. The efficacy rate was 97.5% in the treatment group, significantly higher than the control group （91.8%, P〈0.01）. The recurrence rate in the treatment group was 0.5%, significantly lower than that of the control group （1.3%, P〈0.01）. In addition, perianal callosity occurred in 8 cases （1.1%） and anorectal stricture in 26 cases （3.5%） after operation in the control group. There was no perianal callosity and anorectal stricture in the treatment group. Conclusion： The treatment with An＇s Shaobei Injection demonstrated superior clinical effect to Xiaozhiling Injection with fewer adverse effects.

Theoretic analysis of Professor Shao Jing-ming's ‘Three-acupoint and Five-needle Method’ for asthma

＆#39;Three-acupoint and Five-needle Method＆#39; is a summary of Prof. Shao Jing-ming＆#39;s clinical experience in the treatment of asthma for years. It is used to alleviate asthma during seizure and to improve the pulmonary functions, strengthen the body constitution and prevent recurrence in the remission stage. This article introduces the theoretic source and basic principle, and concrete operating method, i.e. puncturing bilateral Feishu （BL 13）, Dazhui （GV 14） and bilateral Fengmen （BL 12）, and adding acupoints based upon pattern identification, in combination of moxibustion and cupping therapy for promoting the clinical application of this method.

Jiao Shao: A forerunner of physiological psychology and comparative psychology in China

Jiao Shao (邵郊,1923-2017)(Fig. 1), who was an expert in physiological psychology and comparative psychology in China, made important contributions to the development of physiological psychology and comparative psychology, scientific research and personnel training (The obituary of Jiao Shao, 2017). He was a member of the Second Discipline Review Group of the State Council (Pedagogy), the director of the third and fifth sessions of Chinese Psychological Society (CPS), the chairman of the Professional Committee on Physiological Psychology of the CPS (1984-1988), an editorial advisory board member of the Encyclopedia of China Publishing House (First Edition), an editorial board member of Acta Psychologica Sinica (1979-1991), and he was honored as a fellow of the CPS (2007).

Clinical experience of Professor Shao Jing-ming: a master of acupuncture-moxibustion

Professor Shao Jing-ming had practiced Chinese medicine for more than 80 years with rich clinical experience and exquisite acupuncture techniques. From his clinical experience, Professor Shao's clinical features can be summarized as the followings: attaching importance to the theory of meridians and collaterals, combining pattern identification and disease identification, using fewer acupoints for treatment, and using Ashi point and Hegu (LI 4) to treat goiter. He emphasized the priority and sequence in acupoint-selection and manipulation. In treatment of epilepsy, he proposed to treat it according to the situation and paid great attention to the special function of the extraordinary acupoints. During the onset, it should be managed by calming the mind and controlling the symptoms;during the remission period, acupuncture and drugs should be applied simultaneously to regulate qi-blood and yin-yang, so as to reduce the frequency of attacks. He believed that acupuncture manipulation be one of the key factors in achieving the efficacy. In treatment of the motive diseases, such as convulsions and cramps, acupuncture with static and longer needle-retaining time should be adopted to control the limb movement, to strengthen the stimulation and to obtain a long-term efficacy. Professor Shao Jing-ming's medical records range from internal medicine, external medicine, gynecology and pediatrics, listing various refractory diseases effectively treated by him. Professor Shao was a moral and erudite Chinese medicine master, and his clinical experience is worthy of inheritance and development.