The degree of coupling coordination can reflect the intensity of interaction between multiple-indicator system,and can characterize the harmonious and consistent degree of benign correlation between them.It is an effe...The degree of coupling coordination can reflect the intensity of interaction between multiple-indicator system,and can characterize the harmonious and consistent degree of benign correlation between them.It is an effective measurement method for analyzing the level of coordinated development of tourism economy and ecological environment coupling.Guizhou,a mountainous province,is taken as the research object in this paper.Using entropy method and coupling coordination model,the coordinated development level of tourism economy and ecological environment coupling during 2011-2020 is measured and analyzed,and the coordinated development strategies for the tourism economy and ecological environment coupling in Guizhou,a mountainous province,are proposed.展开更多
High education become more important in developing national and regional economy,universities are the main bases to create.This article focuses on a brief talk of the development of Chinese college education and the c...High education become more important in developing national and regional economy,universities are the main bases to create.This article focuses on a brief talk of the development of Chinese college education and the college English teaching.It gives a general pic ture for readers to display the facts of high education's history and the college English teaching(an example of Guizhou province).展开更多
We describe a new species of the genus Megophrys sensu lato from Guizhou Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA sequences all strongly supported the new species as ...We describe a new species of the genus Megophrys sensu lato from Guizhou Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA sequences all strongly supported the new species as an independent lineage in Megophrys(Panophrys) clade. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characteristics:(1) small body size with SVL < 38.8 mm in male and SVL < 42.3 mm in female;(2) vomerine teeth absent;(3) tongue not notched behind;(4) a small horn-like tubercle at the edge of each upper eyelid;(5) tympanum distinctly visible, rounded;(6) two metacarpal tubercles in hand;(7) relative finger lengths: II < I < V < III;(8) toes with rudimentary webbing at bases;(9) heels overlapping when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body;(10) tibiotarsal articulation reaching the level between tympanum to eye when leg stretched forward;(11) an internal single subgular vocal sac in male;(12) in breeding male, the nuptial pads with black nuptial spines on the dorsal bases of the first and second fingers.展开更多
The orogenic gold deposits in Southeast Guizhou are an important component of the Xuefeng polymetallic ore belt and have significant exploration potential, but geochronology research on these gold deposits is scarce. ...The orogenic gold deposits in Southeast Guizhou are an important component of the Xuefeng polymetallic ore belt and have significant exploration potential, but geochronology research on these gold deposits is scarce. Therefore, the ore genetic models are poorly constrained and remain unclear. In the present study, two important deposits(Pingqiu and Jinjing) are investigated, including combined Re-Os dating and the He-Ar isotope study of auriferous arsenopyrites. It is found that the arsenopyrites from the Pingqiu gold deposit yielded an isochron age of 400 ± 24 Ma,with an initial ^(187)Os/^(188)Os ratio of 1.24 ± 0.57(MSWD = 0.96). An identical isochron age of 400 ± 11 Ma with an initial ^(187)Os/^(188)Os ratio of 1.55 ± 0.14(MSWD = 0.34) was obtained from the Jinjing deposit. These ages correspond to the regional Caledonian orogeny and are interpreted to represent the age of the main stage ore. Both initial ^(187)Os ratios suggest that the Os was derived from crustal rocks. Combined with previous rare earth element(REE), trace elements, Nd-Sr-S-Pb isotope studies on scheelite, inclusion fluids with other residues of gangue quartz, and sulfides from other gold deposits in the region, it is suggested that the ore metals from Pingqiu and Jinjing were sourced from the Xiajiang Group. The He and Ar isotopes of arsenopyrites are characterized by ~3 He/~4 He ratios ranging from 5.3 × 10^(-4) Ra to 2.5 × 10^(-2) Ra(Ra = 1.4 × 10^(-6), the ~3 He/~4 He ratio of air), 40 Ar=/~4 He ratios from 0.64 × 10^(-2) to 15.39×10^(-2), and ^(40)Ar/^(36)Ar ratios from 633.2 to 6582.0. Those noble gas isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions also support a crustal source origin,evidenced by the Os isotope. Meanwhile, recent noble gas studies suggest that the amount of in situ radiogenic ~4 He generated should not be ignored, even when Th and U are present at levels of only a few ppm in host minerals.展开更多
In this paper, the Jurassic granitoid dike that intrudes into Permian diabase was reported in Luokun,Luodian County, south Guizhou. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating of the granitoid dike yielded an age of 164.3 ± 2....In this paper, the Jurassic granitoid dike that intrudes into Permian diabase was reported in Luokun,Luodian County, south Guizhou. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating of the granitoid dike yielded an age of 164.3 ± 2.4 Ma with the e Hf(t) range from + 7.8 to + 12.1. The high contents of SiO_2(65.2%–66.8%) and total alkali(Na_2O + K_2O: 9.01%–9.95%), and low contents of Mg, Fe, Ca, P and Ti show the characteristics of alkali-rich granite. The total contents of rare earth elements range from 289.90 to 394.23 ppm. The Rb, Ba, K, Th, U and other LILE, Ta, Sr, P, Ti are enriched, and heavy rare earth elements are depleted. Petrogeochemical characteristics show that the dike was derived from a partial melting of newly-grown basaltic crust, and contaminated by crustal materials before experiencing strong fractional crystallization. The dike was formed in the intraplate post-orogenic extension stage and indicates that parental magma rose to the shallow crust through a fault. This provides new evidence of tectonic and mantle-crust magmatic activities and may contribute to regional Au mineralization in southern Guizhou and neighboring areas.展开更多
Vigorously developing agricultural circular economy is an effective way to achieve sustainable agricultural development,and a strategic measure to ease the pressure on agricultural resources,protect ecological and cle...Vigorously developing agricultural circular economy is an effective way to achieve sustainable agricultural development,and a strategic measure to ease the pressure on agricultural resources,protect ecological and clean resources,and promote sustainable agricultural and rural economic development. From the theoretical perspective of circular agriculture,this paper builds the evaluation indicator system for circular agriculture,and uses entropy method to carry out the comprehensive evaluation of the development level of agricultural circular economy in Guizhou Province from 2003 to 2012. At the same time,this paper analyzes the obstacles to the development of agricultural circular economy in Guizhou Province in 2012,and sets forth the relevant recommendations based on these limitations,in order to improve the development level of circular agriculture in Guizhou Province.展开更多
Recently a rich and well-preserved crinoid community including Traumatocrinus and Encrinus has been found in the Late Triassic Zhuganpo Formation in Guanling and Xingyi, Guizhou province, China. Among the fossils Trau...Recently a rich and well-preserved crinoid community including Traumatocrinus and Encrinus has been found in the Late Triassic Zhuganpo Formation in Guanling and Xingyi, Guizhou province, China. Among the fossils Traumatocrinus is the richest, and most of it occurs as clusters, with each cluster containing 3-42 crinoid branches. Study of the stem and calyx of Traumatocrinus shows that the number of stem-joints (columnals) is equal to the total stem length × K (5.85 per cmx stem-diameter). There are about 376 first- and second-order columnals on the whole stem. This number seems to coincide with the number of days in a year at that time. According to the present study of the palaeoecological environment of the crinoid community, it is considered that the reproduction and preservation of the crinoid community were controlled by the Late Triassic regression and the restricted bay of an interior sea behind the S-shaped shoal zone.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the climatic characteristics of hail disaster from 1984 to 2006 in Guizhou Province,China.[Method] Through statistical analysis,the climatic characteristics and disaster characteristic...[Objective] The aim was to study the climatic characteristics of hail disaster from 1984 to 2006 in Guizhou Province,China.[Method] Through statistical analysis,the climatic characteristics and disaster characteristics of hail from 1984 to 2006 in Guizhou Province were annalyzed and compared with previous results,then the classification standards of hail disaster were established,finally the defense zoning map of hail disaster in Guizhou Province was made.[Result] According to the statistical analysis on the historical data of hail disaster from 1984 to 2006,the frequency hail was 1 243 times in Guizhou in 23 years,that is,annual average frequency reached 54 times;annual average hailing days were 0.1-2.7 d in Guizhou Province,and the average frequency of hail was 3.8 times during each hail process;the frequency of hail was below 30 times in 52% of years and 30-80 times in 35% of years among 23 years.Hail could appear in the whole year,and 74% of hails occurred in spring,while winter had the fewest times.The results above were basically consistent with those of previous studies.Hail disaster mainly resulted in casualties and direct economic loss,and was divided into four grades according to direct economic loss,namely Grade I(extremely severe hail disaster),Grade II(severe hail disaster),Grade III(comparatively severe hail disaster) and Grade IV(medium hail disaster).The defense zoning map of hail disaster in Guizhou Province was made based on the frequency of hail and severe hail disaster,that is,the defense region at Grade I mainly distributed in Liupanshui City(in western Guizhou) and southern Guizhou;the defense region at Grade II was in the west,south and northeast of Guizhou Province,while the rest was at Grade III.[Conclusion] The study was of reference value for the defense of hail disaster in Guizhou Province.展开更多
With the full-speed development of economy,the new urbanization has been accelerated in Guizhou Province in order to make the people reach a well-off standard of living by 2020. From the whole society,the key point is...With the full-speed development of economy,the new urbanization has been accelerated in Guizhou Province in order to make the people reach a well-off standard of living by 2020. From the whole society,the key point is the development of the rural economy,and the development of the rural economy depends on the economic development of rural households. The income from rural labor force transfer has become the main income source and accounts for more than half of rural household income,which will play a major role in survival and development of rural households.展开更多
Karst rocky desertification is a geo-ecological problem in Southwest China.The rocky desertification risk zone delineation could be used as a guide for the regional and hierarchical rocky desertification management an...Karst rocky desertification is a geo-ecological problem in Southwest China.The rocky desertification risk zone delineation could be used as a guide for the regional and hierarchical rocky desertification management and prevention.We chose the middle and lower reaches of the Houzhai underground basin on the karst plateau in Puding County, Guizhou Province, China as the study area and selected land use type, elevation, slope, aspect, lithology and settlement buffer as the main driving factors of the rocky desertification.The potential risk of rocky desertification was quantified with the factor-weights union method and statistical analysis method.Five grades of rocky desertification risk were delineated based on Geographic Information System.The extremely low, low, moderate, high and extremely high rocky desertification risk zones accounted for 5.01%, 44.17%, 33.92%, 15.59% and 1.30%, respectively.As a whole, the rocky desertification risk level was moderate because the area of low and moderate rocky desertification risk zones occupied 78.09% of the study area.However, more than half of the area(about 50.81%) was predicted to have moderate rocky desertification risk and above, indicating that the study area was subject to rocky desertification.Rocky desertification risk was higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest of the study area.Distinct differences in the distribution of rocky desertification risk zones corresponding to different factors have been found.展开更多
The Cambrian Gezhongwu Formation in Southwest China is the lowest Cambrian phosphorite unit. The Formation belongs to the Meishucun stage with small shelly fossils. Rare-earth element (REE) data from the Gezhongwu pho...The Cambrian Gezhongwu Formation in Southwest China is the lowest Cambrian phosphorite unit. The Formation belongs to the Meishucun stage with small shelly fossils. Rare-earth element (REE) data from the Gezhongwu phosphorites of Zhijin documented the depositional conditions. The total REE concentrations are high in the Gezhongwu phosphorites, which are especially rich in yttrium. The PAAS-normalized REE patterns of the Gezhongwu phosphorites are characterized by negative Ce anomalies and slight enrichment of MREE, as being hat-shaped. The hat-shaped patterns suggest that the REE originated from depositional environments rather than from subsequent diagenesis. The negative Ce anomalies indicate that the depositional environments are oxic. The positive Eu anomaly, the high total REE and the hat-shaped REE pattern revealed contributions from the normal marine environment mixed with hydrothermal water to the REE budget of the Gezhongwu phosphorites.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province. [Method] Based on GIS and RS technology, the main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were anal...[Objective] The aim was to study the driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province. [Method] Based on GIS and RS technology, the main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were analyzed by means of correlation analysis and variation coefficient method, and then the distribution of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province was assessed synthetically. [Result] The main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were vegetation cover, rainfall, peasant income and gradient which were obviously correlative with rocky desertification; from theoretical distribution, rocky desertification was the most serious in Bijie, southwest Guizhou, southern Guizhou and northeastern Guizhou, and the theoretical distribution of rocky desertification in Bijie was severer than its current situation, which showed that construction of ecological function area in Bijie restrained the development of rocky desertification effectively; the good consistency between theoretical and current distribution of rocky desertification revealed that the study method was feasible. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical references for the practical control of rocky desertification.展开更多
The protection and development problems in ethnic minority villages have received great attention from the Chinese government.This study aims to systematically identify the spatial differentiation characteristics of e...The protection and development problems in ethnic minority villages have received great attention from the Chinese government.This study aims to systematically identify the spatial differentiation characteristics of ethnic minority villages and their influencing factors in Guizhou Province.Applying ArcGIS and GeoDa,a total of 1,014 ethnic minority villages in the four batches announced by the Ethnic and Religious Affairs Commission of Guizhou Province(272in the first batch,240 in the second batch,255 in the third batch,and 247 in the fourth batch)served as the research objects.Utilizing the economic development data in Guizhou Statistical Yearbook 2018-2020 for analysis,the coupling calculation of the spatial layout and economic development level of ethnic minority villages was conducted.The results indicate that the number of ethnic minority village points varies in spatial distribution with remarkable agglomeration.The spatial equilibrium distribution of ethnic minority villages in the province is imbalanced.The kernel density is characterized by independent single kernel centers with sporadic distributions of subcenters and an echelon distribution whole.The spatial complexity distribution indicates that ethnic minority villages in Guizhou possess unequal characteristics,and the fractal of the system structure is more complicated.The findings reveal that the spatial distribution of ethnic minority characteristic villages in Guizhou is highly consistent with that of ethnic minorities in Guizhou.The distribution is the combined results of geographical factors and socialeconomic factors.Most ethnic minority characteristic villages in Guizhou Province are located in areas with complex terrain,inconvenient transportation,and relatively backward economic development.Based on the current geospatial distribution of ethnic minority villages,the present study will provide remarkable implications for the Chinese government to implement the Rural Revitalization Strategy from several key aspects.The Chinese government should establish a protection and development mechanism in ethnic minority villages and strive to enhance the characteristics of ethnic cultural industries.Meanwhile,the"integration of culture and tourism"should be taken as the development strategy while the industry should support rural economic development and help eliminate poverty.This is of crucial practical significance to national unity and rural revitalization in China.展开更多
Karst rocky desertification is one of the major ecological and environmental problems that threaten the sustainable development of southwestern China. It is caused by irrational and intensive land-use patterns in kars...Karst rocky desertification is one of the major ecological and environmental problems that threaten the sustainable development of southwestern China. It is caused by irrational and intensive land-use patterns in karst geo-ecological environment. Therefore, it is vital to identify how human forces work on this degraded environment. Based on the soil erosion information in 2000 and remote sensing images of Guanling County collected in 2000 and 2007, four grades of karst rocky desertification data in 14 villages of Guanling County were extracted. Impacts of population, affluence, and other human forces on karst rocky desertification were analyzed using STIRPAT model. The results show that:1) Factors of population and affluence had strong influence on karst rocky desertification. In the STIRPAT model analysis, the population and affluence coefficients were positive, indicating that the increase in population and affluence would lead to more serious desertification. 2) Factors of farmer correlated with karst rocky desertification negatively, especially the way of viewing the relationship between people and nature, and the level of knowledge about rocky desertification. Government behavior was not a significant factor in this analysis. 3) The findings provide evidence that STIRPAT model can be used to analyze the relationship between human driving forces and rocky desertification.展开更多
In the study of the phosphate-bearing stratum at the bottom of the Cambrian system, the authors found that there occurred carbon isotope negative anomalies in the Taozichong section phosphate-bearing stratum in Qingzh...In the study of the phosphate-bearing stratum at the bottom of the Cambrian system, the authors found that there occurred carbon isotope negative anomalies in the Taozichong section phosphate-bearing stratum in Qingzhen, Guizhou Province; they can be correspondingly compared with other synsedimentary carbon isotope negative anomalies both at home and abroad. The results showed that there occurred three negative anomalies of carbon isotopes in the Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian Taozichong Formation, indicating that the temporal palaeo-oceanographical environment changed significantly, in which there happened two times of intensive carbon isotope variation, corresponding to creature extinction. Meanwhile, it is believed that the carbon isotope negative anomalies in phosphorites were caused by the ascending water mass of ocean current with the negative carbon isotopic composition of deep-ocean hydrothermal deposits.展开更多
Aim:Pertussis is a respiratory tract infection,the vaccine for which was introduced in the Expanded Programme on Immunization(EPI)in Guizhou Province of China(hereafter referred as Guizhou)in the 1980s.This vaccine ra...Aim:Pertussis is a respiratory tract infection,the vaccine for which was introduced in the Expanded Programme on Immunization(EPI)in Guizhou Province of China(hereafter referred as Guizhou)in the 1980s.This vaccine rapidly decreased incidence rates of pertussis in the province,however,despite the wide high coverage of the diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis(DTaP)combined vaccine,there has been a resurgence of pertussis since 2014.Even with this recent increase in disease transmission,risk factors for pertussis infection have not been evaluated in Guizhou.We aimed to provide information on pertussis risk factors and insight on designing targeted pertussis control policies and measures through this study.Methods:A 1:2 matched retrospective case-control study was conducted between 2016 and 2017,involving infants and children younger than 6 years old and parents of the participants.The enrolled cases included clinical and laboratory confirmed pertussis cases according to the WHO-recommended pertussis definition.Controls were selected from children in the same neighborhood who were not diagnosed with pertussis prior to our investigation and did not exhibit any clinical manifestations of pertussis.Results:The household size[Matched odds ratio(OR_(m)=1.4,95%confidence interval(Cl):1.1-1.7]and household members with antecedent cough(OR_(m)=3.6,95%CI:1.8-7.2)were significantly associated with their child’s pertussis onset.The parents’occupations were significantly associated with their child’s pertussis onset(ORm=9.4,95%CI:1.6-54.8,for mother side;ORm=4.5,95%CI:1.2-16.5,for father side),when they worked in the business and/or service industry.Having family members with a history of cough was an independent risk factor for pertussis[Adjusted odds ratio(AOR)=43.6,95%CI:2.7-694.0].Besides,the parents’demographic characteristics and DTaP doses were not found to be independent factors.Conclusion:Household exposure is an important risk factor for pertussis infection in infants and young children and should therefore be considered as a major factor during formulation of pertussis control policies and measures.展开更多
The relationships between chemical components and quality indexes were studied in the tobacco leaves with different aromatic styles. A total of 16 chemical components, 4 quality indexes, and 6 smoking quality indexes ...The relationships between chemical components and quality indexes were studied in the tobacco leaves with different aromatic styles. A total of 16 chemical components, 4 quality indexes, and 6 smoking quality indexes from 366 tobacco leaf samples with 4 different types of aroma from Guizhou Province, China, were subjected to principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The tobacco leaves with different types of aroma showed remarkable difference in the contents of chemical components, quality indexes, and smoking quality indexes. The first principal factors (carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds) of the chemical composition of the leaf were similar among different types of aroma, which showed that the quality of the leaf was mainly influenced by carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds and their ratios. The factors for the second through the seventh principal components varied largely among various aromatic types, suggesting the contribution of other chemical components to the leaf quality. In addition, the smoking quality of four different aromatic leaves showed significant correlation with the different chemical components. The quality of tobacco leaves with different types of aroma was influenced by multiple factors, especially ecological conditions and culture techniques, which may provide guidance for directive cultivation of high-quality tobacco leaves.展开更多
Sedimentary rock-hosted disseminated gold (SRHDG) deposits in the Youjiang-Nanpanjiang Basin, southwestern Guizhou Province are commonly hosted by the same fold crests that commonly contain a remarkable amount of orga...Sedimentary rock-hosted disseminated gold (SRHDG) deposits in the Youjiang-Nanpanjiang Basin, southwestern Guizhou Province are commonly hosted by the same fold crests that commonly contain a remarkable amount of organic material. The total organic carbon (TOC) contents of the ores and host rocks are usually less than 1%. The reflectance of vitrinite and pyrobitumen in the ores and the host rocks ranges from 1.5% to 4.5%, often in the range of 2% to 3%. In the Lannigou deposit, the reflectance of vitrinite and pyrobitumen in the ores is usually somewhat higher than those within the host rocks, indicating a hydrothermal impact on the organic matter in the altered host rocks. On the contrary, the estimated maximum paleotemperatures of the Getang and Zimudang deposits are higher than the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions in the ores, signifying that the organic matter maturation predated Au mineralization. No correlation between the organic matter contents and Au concentrations were recognized in the ores. However, the most striking observation is that there is a positive correlation between the S2 (a parameter of Rock-Eval analysis), Au and As contents of the ores in the Lannigou deposit. Organic matter maturation and migration is apparent from the TOC vs. HCI diagram. Furthermore, group analysis of the dichloromethane extractable organic component of the ores and host rocks shows that the maturation degree of the organic matter in the ores is slightly higher than that of the host rocks in the Lannigou gold deposit. However, the compositions of their alkanes, steranes and terpenes, which serve as biomarkers, are quite similar; this suggests that the organic matter found in the ores and host rocks has a common marine source. Organic matter probably contributed to the preconcentration of Au in the host rocks. Hydrocarbons in the system, on the other hand, clearly contributed to the emplacement of the gold mineralization through thermal sulfate reduction. Organic matter in the solution might have increased the potential of the hydrothermal solution to transport Au.展开更多
The contents of selenium in soil samples from Guizhou Province, which cover an area of 17.6×104 km2, have been determined. The arithmetic mean value of 947 samples is 0.39 mg/kg, the medium value is 0.30 mg/kg an...The contents of selenium in soil samples from Guizhou Province, which cover an area of 17.6×104 km2, have been determined. The arithmetic mean value of 947 samples is 0.39 mg/kg, the medium value is 0.30 mg/kg and the contents of selenium vary from 0.06 to 1.29 mg/kg in soils developed on the basement rocks, which are controlled by the basement rocks themselves.展开更多
文摘The degree of coupling coordination can reflect the intensity of interaction between multiple-indicator system,and can characterize the harmonious and consistent degree of benign correlation between them.It is an effective measurement method for analyzing the level of coordinated development of tourism economy and ecological environment coupling.Guizhou,a mountainous province,is taken as the research object in this paper.Using entropy method and coupling coordination model,the coordinated development level of tourism economy and ecological environment coupling during 2011-2020 is measured and analyzed,and the coordinated development strategies for the tourism economy and ecological environment coupling in Guizhou,a mountainous province,are proposed.
文摘High education become more important in developing national and regional economy,universities are the main bases to create.This article focuses on a brief talk of the development of Chinese college education and the college English teaching.It gives a general pic ture for readers to display the facts of high education's history and the college English teaching(an example of Guizhou province).
基金Collections in field were permitted by Administration of Leigong Mountain Nantioanl Nature Reserve (No. LGS20040348)approved by the animal ethical committee of Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and animal experiments were carried out following the institutional guidelines (No. 2017CIBAEC0344)+4 种基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB31000000)National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC31201702) Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Guizhou province Education Department, Guiyang College, The laboratory on biodiversity conservation and applied ecology of Guiyang college, Ocean Park Conservation Foundation of Hong Kong (No. PR 1030001252)Biodiversity Conservation Program of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China (#2110404)Guizhou Provincial Department of Education Youth Science and Technology Talents Growth Project (Nos. KY[2018]455, KY[2018]468 and KY[2018]453)
文摘We describe a new species of the genus Megophrys sensu lato from Guizhou Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA sequences all strongly supported the new species as an independent lineage in Megophrys(Panophrys) clade. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characteristics:(1) small body size with SVL < 38.8 mm in male and SVL < 42.3 mm in female;(2) vomerine teeth absent;(3) tongue not notched behind;(4) a small horn-like tubercle at the edge of each upper eyelid;(5) tympanum distinctly visible, rounded;(6) two metacarpal tubercles in hand;(7) relative finger lengths: II < I < V < III;(8) toes with rudimentary webbing at bases;(9) heels overlapping when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body;(10) tibiotarsal articulation reaching the level between tympanum to eye when leg stretched forward;(11) an internal single subgular vocal sac in male;(12) in breeding male, the nuptial pads with black nuptial spines on the dorsal bases of the first and second fingers.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41303038, 41772070)Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry (201502)the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB440904)
文摘The orogenic gold deposits in Southeast Guizhou are an important component of the Xuefeng polymetallic ore belt and have significant exploration potential, but geochronology research on these gold deposits is scarce. Therefore, the ore genetic models are poorly constrained and remain unclear. In the present study, two important deposits(Pingqiu and Jinjing) are investigated, including combined Re-Os dating and the He-Ar isotope study of auriferous arsenopyrites. It is found that the arsenopyrites from the Pingqiu gold deposit yielded an isochron age of 400 ± 24 Ma,with an initial ^(187)Os/^(188)Os ratio of 1.24 ± 0.57(MSWD = 0.96). An identical isochron age of 400 ± 11 Ma with an initial ^(187)Os/^(188)Os ratio of 1.55 ± 0.14(MSWD = 0.34) was obtained from the Jinjing deposit. These ages correspond to the regional Caledonian orogeny and are interpreted to represent the age of the main stage ore. Both initial ^(187)Os ratios suggest that the Os was derived from crustal rocks. Combined with previous rare earth element(REE), trace elements, Nd-Sr-S-Pb isotope studies on scheelite, inclusion fluids with other residues of gangue quartz, and sulfides from other gold deposits in the region, it is suggested that the ore metals from Pingqiu and Jinjing were sourced from the Xiajiang Group. The He and Ar isotopes of arsenopyrites are characterized by ~3 He/~4 He ratios ranging from 5.3 × 10^(-4) Ra to 2.5 × 10^(-2) Ra(Ra = 1.4 × 10^(-6), the ~3 He/~4 He ratio of air), 40 Ar=/~4 He ratios from 0.64 × 10^(-2) to 15.39×10^(-2), and ^(40)Ar/^(36)Ar ratios from 633.2 to 6582.0. Those noble gas isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions also support a crustal source origin,evidenced by the Os isotope. Meanwhile, recent noble gas studies suggest that the amount of in situ radiogenic ~4 He generated should not be ignored, even when Th and U are present at levels of only a few ppm in host minerals.
基金funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41262005)high-level personnel of Guizhou Institute of Technology (No. XJGC20140702)Talent introduction project of Guizhou University (No. 702400163301)
文摘In this paper, the Jurassic granitoid dike that intrudes into Permian diabase was reported in Luokun,Luodian County, south Guizhou. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating of the granitoid dike yielded an age of 164.3 ± 2.4 Ma with the e Hf(t) range from + 7.8 to + 12.1. The high contents of SiO_2(65.2%–66.8%) and total alkali(Na_2O + K_2O: 9.01%–9.95%), and low contents of Mg, Fe, Ca, P and Ti show the characteristics of alkali-rich granite. The total contents of rare earth elements range from 289.90 to 394.23 ppm. The Rb, Ba, K, Th, U and other LILE, Ta, Sr, P, Ti are enriched, and heavy rare earth elements are depleted. Petrogeochemical characteristics show that the dike was derived from a partial melting of newly-grown basaltic crust, and contaminated by crustal materials before experiencing strong fractional crystallization. The dike was formed in the intraplate post-orogenic extension stage and indicates that parental magma rose to the shallow crust through a fault. This provides new evidence of tectonic and mantle-crust magmatic activities and may contribute to regional Au mineralization in southern Guizhou and neighboring areas.
基金Supported by CSC(20135044)Science and Technology Support Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2012BAD14B18)
文摘Vigorously developing agricultural circular economy is an effective way to achieve sustainable agricultural development,and a strategic measure to ease the pressure on agricultural resources,protect ecological and clean resources,and promote sustainable agricultural and rural economic development. From the theoretical perspective of circular agriculture,this paper builds the evaluation indicator system for circular agriculture,and uses entropy method to carry out the comprehensive evaluation of the development level of agricultural circular economy in Guizhou Province from 2003 to 2012. At the same time,this paper analyzes the obstacles to the development of agricultural circular economy in Guizhou Province in 2012,and sets forth the relevant recommendations based on these limitations,in order to improve the development level of circular agriculture in Guizhou Province.
文摘Recently a rich and well-preserved crinoid community including Traumatocrinus and Encrinus has been found in the Late Triassic Zhuganpo Formation in Guanling and Xingyi, Guizhou province, China. Among the fossils Traumatocrinus is the richest, and most of it occurs as clusters, with each cluster containing 3-42 crinoid branches. Study of the stem and calyx of Traumatocrinus shows that the number of stem-joints (columnals) is equal to the total stem length × K (5.85 per cmx stem-diameter). There are about 376 first- and second-order columnals on the whole stem. This number seems to coincide with the number of days in a year at that time. According to the present study of the palaeoecological environment of the crinoid community, it is considered that the reproduction and preservation of the crinoid community were controlled by the Late Triassic regression and the restricted bay of an interior sea behind the S-shaped shoal zone.
基金Supported by Open Research Fund for Meteorological Science and Technology of Guizhou Meteorological Bureau (KF [2009] No.12)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the climatic characteristics of hail disaster from 1984 to 2006 in Guizhou Province,China.[Method] Through statistical analysis,the climatic characteristics and disaster characteristics of hail from 1984 to 2006 in Guizhou Province were annalyzed and compared with previous results,then the classification standards of hail disaster were established,finally the defense zoning map of hail disaster in Guizhou Province was made.[Result] According to the statistical analysis on the historical data of hail disaster from 1984 to 2006,the frequency hail was 1 243 times in Guizhou in 23 years,that is,annual average frequency reached 54 times;annual average hailing days were 0.1-2.7 d in Guizhou Province,and the average frequency of hail was 3.8 times during each hail process;the frequency of hail was below 30 times in 52% of years and 30-80 times in 35% of years among 23 years.Hail could appear in the whole year,and 74% of hails occurred in spring,while winter had the fewest times.The results above were basically consistent with those of previous studies.Hail disaster mainly resulted in casualties and direct economic loss,and was divided into four grades according to direct economic loss,namely Grade I(extremely severe hail disaster),Grade II(severe hail disaster),Grade III(comparatively severe hail disaster) and Grade IV(medium hail disaster).The defense zoning map of hail disaster in Guizhou Province was made based on the frequency of hail and severe hail disaster,that is,the defense region at Grade I mainly distributed in Liupanshui City(in western Guizhou) and southern Guizhou;the defense region at Grade II was in the west,south and northeast of Guizhou Province,while the rest was at Grade III.[Conclusion] The study was of reference value for the defense of hail disaster in Guizhou Province.
基金Supported by Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Agriculture Commission in 2013
文摘With the full-speed development of economy,the new urbanization has been accelerated in Guizhou Province in order to make the people reach a well-off standard of living by 2020. From the whole society,the key point is the development of the rural economy,and the development of the rural economy depends on the economic development of rural households. The income from rural labor force transfer has become the main income source and accounts for more than half of rural household income,which will play a major role in survival and development of rural households.
基金Under the auspices of Major Basic Reseach Development Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2006CB403201)
文摘Karst rocky desertification is a geo-ecological problem in Southwest China.The rocky desertification risk zone delineation could be used as a guide for the regional and hierarchical rocky desertification management and prevention.We chose the middle and lower reaches of the Houzhai underground basin on the karst plateau in Puding County, Guizhou Province, China as the study area and selected land use type, elevation, slope, aspect, lithology and settlement buffer as the main driving factors of the rocky desertification.The potential risk of rocky desertification was quantified with the factor-weights union method and statistical analysis method.Five grades of rocky desertification risk were delineated based on Geographic Information System.The extremely low, low, moderate, high and extremely high rocky desertification risk zones accounted for 5.01%, 44.17%, 33.92%, 15.59% and 1.30%, respectively.As a whole, the rocky desertification risk level was moderate because the area of low and moderate rocky desertification risk zones occupied 78.09% of the study area.However, more than half of the area(about 50.81%) was predicted to have moderate rocky desertification risk and above, indicating that the study area was subject to rocky desertification.Rocky desertification risk was higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest of the study area.Distinct differences in the distribution of rocky desertification risk zones corresponding to different factors have been found.
文摘The Cambrian Gezhongwu Formation in Southwest China is the lowest Cambrian phosphorite unit. The Formation belongs to the Meishucun stage with small shelly fossils. Rare-earth element (REE) data from the Gezhongwu phosphorites of Zhijin documented the depositional conditions. The total REE concentrations are high in the Gezhongwu phosphorites, which are especially rich in yttrium. The PAAS-normalized REE patterns of the Gezhongwu phosphorites are characterized by negative Ce anomalies and slight enrichment of MREE, as being hat-shaped. The hat-shaped patterns suggest that the REE originated from depositional environments rather than from subsequent diagenesis. The negative Ce anomalies indicate that the depositional environments are oxic. The positive Eu anomaly, the high total REE and the hat-shaped REE pattern revealed contributions from the normal marine environment mixed with hydrothermal water to the REE budget of the Gezhongwu phosphorites.
基金Supported by Study on the Remote Sensing Quantitative Extraction Technology of Karst Rocky Desertification Information (GY[2007]3017)State Key Development Program of Basic Research of China(973 Program) (2006CB403200)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province. [Method] Based on GIS and RS technology, the main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were analyzed by means of correlation analysis and variation coefficient method, and then the distribution of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province was assessed synthetically. [Result] The main driving forces of rocky desertification in Guizhou Province were vegetation cover, rainfall, peasant income and gradient which were obviously correlative with rocky desertification; from theoretical distribution, rocky desertification was the most serious in Bijie, southwest Guizhou, southern Guizhou and northeastern Guizhou, and the theoretical distribution of rocky desertification in Bijie was severer than its current situation, which showed that construction of ecological function area in Bijie restrained the development of rocky desertification effectively; the good consistency between theoretical and current distribution of rocky desertification revealed that the study method was feasible. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical references for the practical control of rocky desertification.
基金supported by 2019 Guizhou Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(19GZQN11)。
文摘The protection and development problems in ethnic minority villages have received great attention from the Chinese government.This study aims to systematically identify the spatial differentiation characteristics of ethnic minority villages and their influencing factors in Guizhou Province.Applying ArcGIS and GeoDa,a total of 1,014 ethnic minority villages in the four batches announced by the Ethnic and Religious Affairs Commission of Guizhou Province(272in the first batch,240 in the second batch,255 in the third batch,and 247 in the fourth batch)served as the research objects.Utilizing the economic development data in Guizhou Statistical Yearbook 2018-2020 for analysis,the coupling calculation of the spatial layout and economic development level of ethnic minority villages was conducted.The results indicate that the number of ethnic minority village points varies in spatial distribution with remarkable agglomeration.The spatial equilibrium distribution of ethnic minority villages in the province is imbalanced.The kernel density is characterized by independent single kernel centers with sporadic distributions of subcenters and an echelon distribution whole.The spatial complexity distribution indicates that ethnic minority villages in Guizhou possess unequal characteristics,and the fractal of the system structure is more complicated.The findings reveal that the spatial distribution of ethnic minority characteristic villages in Guizhou is highly consistent with that of ethnic minorities in Guizhou.The distribution is the combined results of geographical factors and socialeconomic factors.Most ethnic minority characteristic villages in Guizhou Province are located in areas with complex terrain,inconvenient transportation,and relatively backward economic development.Based on the current geospatial distribution of ethnic minority villages,the present study will provide remarkable implications for the Chinese government to implement the Rural Revitalization Strategy from several key aspects.The Chinese government should establish a protection and development mechanism in ethnic minority villages and strive to enhance the characteristics of ethnic cultural industries.Meanwhile,the"integration of culture and tourism"should be taken as the development strategy while the industry should support rural economic development and help eliminate poverty.This is of crucial practical significance to national unity and rural revitalization in China.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40801039,40801066,41001183)
文摘Karst rocky desertification is one of the major ecological and environmental problems that threaten the sustainable development of southwestern China. It is caused by irrational and intensive land-use patterns in karst geo-ecological environment. Therefore, it is vital to identify how human forces work on this degraded environment. Based on the soil erosion information in 2000 and remote sensing images of Guanling County collected in 2000 and 2007, four grades of karst rocky desertification data in 14 villages of Guanling County were extracted. Impacts of population, affluence, and other human forces on karst rocky desertification were analyzed using STIRPAT model. The results show that:1) Factors of population and affluence had strong influence on karst rocky desertification. In the STIRPAT model analysis, the population and affluence coefficients were positive, indicating that the increase in population and affluence would lead to more serious desertification. 2) Factors of farmer correlated with karst rocky desertification negatively, especially the way of viewing the relationship between people and nature, and the level of knowledge about rocky desertification. Government behavior was not a significant factor in this analysis. 3) The findings provide evidence that STIRPAT model can be used to analyze the relationship between human driving forces and rocky desertification.
基金financially supported jointly by the social welfare project of Guizhou Land and Resources Department (Project Number 201294)
文摘In the study of the phosphate-bearing stratum at the bottom of the Cambrian system, the authors found that there occurred carbon isotope negative anomalies in the Taozichong section phosphate-bearing stratum in Qingzhen, Guizhou Province; they can be correspondingly compared with other synsedimentary carbon isotope negative anomalies both at home and abroad. The results showed that there occurred three negative anomalies of carbon isotopes in the Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian Taozichong Formation, indicating that the temporal palaeo-oceanographical environment changed significantly, in which there happened two times of intensive carbon isotope variation, corresponding to creature extinction. Meanwhile, it is believed that the carbon isotope negative anomalies in phosphorites were caused by the ascending water mass of ocean current with the negative carbon isotopic composition of deep-ocean hydrothermal deposits.
基金supported by grants from the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province of China(Grant No.[2019]1185).
文摘Aim:Pertussis is a respiratory tract infection,the vaccine for which was introduced in the Expanded Programme on Immunization(EPI)in Guizhou Province of China(hereafter referred as Guizhou)in the 1980s.This vaccine rapidly decreased incidence rates of pertussis in the province,however,despite the wide high coverage of the diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis(DTaP)combined vaccine,there has been a resurgence of pertussis since 2014.Even with this recent increase in disease transmission,risk factors for pertussis infection have not been evaluated in Guizhou.We aimed to provide information on pertussis risk factors and insight on designing targeted pertussis control policies and measures through this study.Methods:A 1:2 matched retrospective case-control study was conducted between 2016 and 2017,involving infants and children younger than 6 years old and parents of the participants.The enrolled cases included clinical and laboratory confirmed pertussis cases according to the WHO-recommended pertussis definition.Controls were selected from children in the same neighborhood who were not diagnosed with pertussis prior to our investigation and did not exhibit any clinical manifestations of pertussis.Results:The household size[Matched odds ratio(OR_(m)=1.4,95%confidence interval(Cl):1.1-1.7]and household members with antecedent cough(OR_(m)=3.6,95%CI:1.8-7.2)were significantly associated with their child’s pertussis onset.The parents’occupations were significantly associated with their child’s pertussis onset(ORm=9.4,95%CI:1.6-54.8,for mother side;ORm=4.5,95%CI:1.2-16.5,for father side),when they worked in the business and/or service industry.Having family members with a history of cough was an independent risk factor for pertussis[Adjusted odds ratio(AOR)=43.6,95%CI:2.7-694.0].Besides,the parents’demographic characteristics and DTaP doses were not found to be independent factors.Conclusion:Household exposure is an important risk factor for pertussis infection in infants and young children and should therefore be considered as a major factor during formulation of pertussis control policies and measures.
文摘The relationships between chemical components and quality indexes were studied in the tobacco leaves with different aromatic styles. A total of 16 chemical components, 4 quality indexes, and 6 smoking quality indexes from 366 tobacco leaf samples with 4 different types of aroma from Guizhou Province, China, were subjected to principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The tobacco leaves with different types of aroma showed remarkable difference in the contents of chemical components, quality indexes, and smoking quality indexes. The first principal factors (carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds) of the chemical composition of the leaf were similar among different types of aroma, which showed that the quality of the leaf was mainly influenced by carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds and their ratios. The factors for the second through the seventh principal components varied largely among various aromatic types, suggesting the contribution of other chemical components to the leaf quality. In addition, the smoking quality of four different aromatic leaves showed significant correlation with the different chemical components. The quality of tobacco leaves with different types of aroma was influenced by multiple factors, especially ecological conditions and culture techniques, which may provide guidance for directive cultivation of high-quality tobacco leaves.
基金the AUCC-CIDASULCP program,he Innovative Project of the ChineseAcademy of Sciences(KZCX3-sw-137) the"Tenth Five-year"National Key Science and Technology Project(2001BA690A-07-01).
文摘Sedimentary rock-hosted disseminated gold (SRHDG) deposits in the Youjiang-Nanpanjiang Basin, southwestern Guizhou Province are commonly hosted by the same fold crests that commonly contain a remarkable amount of organic material. The total organic carbon (TOC) contents of the ores and host rocks are usually less than 1%. The reflectance of vitrinite and pyrobitumen in the ores and the host rocks ranges from 1.5% to 4.5%, often in the range of 2% to 3%. In the Lannigou deposit, the reflectance of vitrinite and pyrobitumen in the ores is usually somewhat higher than those within the host rocks, indicating a hydrothermal impact on the organic matter in the altered host rocks. On the contrary, the estimated maximum paleotemperatures of the Getang and Zimudang deposits are higher than the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions in the ores, signifying that the organic matter maturation predated Au mineralization. No correlation between the organic matter contents and Au concentrations were recognized in the ores. However, the most striking observation is that there is a positive correlation between the S2 (a parameter of Rock-Eval analysis), Au and As contents of the ores in the Lannigou deposit. Organic matter maturation and migration is apparent from the TOC vs. HCI diagram. Furthermore, group analysis of the dichloromethane extractable organic component of the ores and host rocks shows that the maturation degree of the organic matter in the ores is slightly higher than that of the host rocks in the Lannigou gold deposit. However, the compositions of their alkanes, steranes and terpenes, which serve as biomarkers, are quite similar; this suggests that the organic matter found in the ores and host rocks has a common marine source. Organic matter probably contributed to the preconcentration of Au in the host rocks. Hydrocarbons in the system, on the other hand, clearly contributed to the emplacement of the gold mineralization through thermal sulfate reduction. Organic matter in the solution might have increased the potential of the hydrothermal solution to transport Au.
文摘The contents of selenium in soil samples from Guizhou Province, which cover an area of 17.6×104 km2, have been determined. The arithmetic mean value of 947 samples is 0.39 mg/kg, the medium value is 0.30 mg/kg and the contents of selenium vary from 0.06 to 1.29 mg/kg in soils developed on the basement rocks, which are controlled by the basement rocks themselves.