孔隙和α-Al(Fe/Mn)Si相对高压压铸Al-7Si-0.2Mg合金塑性的影响

采用高压压铸工艺制备两批次不同尺寸的Al-7Si-0.2Mg(质量分数,%)合金,获得显微组织和孔隙非均匀分布的薄壁铸件,并对比研究孔隙和显微组织对铸态合金塑性的影响。结果表明:不同铸件和不同位置样品的伸长率有较大波动(9.7%~17.9%)。当合金存在大面积孔隙时,有效承载面积减小导致由孔隙产生的应力集中使合金伸长率显著降低。当合金只存在小面积孔隙时,塑性变形过程中合金中的α-Al(Fe/Mn)Si相先于共晶硅相发生脆性断裂,α-Al(Fe/Mn)Si相的数量密度对伸长率的波动起主导作用,具有高数量密度α-Al(Fe/Mn)Si相试样的伸长率显著降低。此外,局部较高的冷却速率导致铸件α-Al(Fe/Mn)Si相数量密度的增加。

Mn/Fe比对Al-Mg-Si合金组织和性能的影响

以Al-Mg-Si合金为研究对象,采用金属型铸造研究Mn/Fe比对其组织和性能的影响。结果表明:Al-Mg-Si铸态合金组织中枝晶间存在α-Al基体和大量析出相,主要以Mg_(2)Si相为主,还存在少量的共晶Si相、AlFeSi相和Al(FeMn)Si相。随Mn/Fe比的增大,合金中的晶粒逐渐变得细小圆整,且由树枝晶向等轴晶发生转变。Mn可以促进铝合金中针状的β-AlFeSi相向骨骼状、颗粒状或块状的α-Al(FeMn)Si相的转变。当Mn/Fe比为0.5时,合金的热导率达到最大值181.08 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)。当Mn/Fe比为1.0时,合金的晶粒尺寸最小且具有最佳的力学性能,抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度相较于Mn/Fe为0.2时分别提升17.45%、49.57%和27.48%,达到167.35 MPa、17.23%、HV 62.86。

主轴转向对再生Al-Si-Fe-Mg合金多道次搅拌摩擦加工区组织和性能的影响

对4.5 mm厚的再生Al-7.0Si-0.85Fe-0.30Mg合金板进行相同主轴转向1~3道次和改变第2道次主轴转向2,3道次的搅拌摩擦加工,研究了主轴转向对搅拌摩擦加工区组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着加工道次的增加,加工区的面积以及前进侧热机影响区的宽度增大,加工核心区的富铁相、共晶硅等第二相颗粒长度减小,圆整度提高,强度和硬度无显著改变,断后伸长率显著提高。改变第2道次主轴转向后加工区面积较相同主轴转向时减小,但组织对称性提高,前进侧热机影响区宽度减小;改变主轴转向后,第二相颗粒尺寸变化不明显,但圆整度显著降低,强度和硬度的变化也不明显,断后伸长率略有提高。

Fe含量对Al-Mg-Si合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用电子拉伸试验机、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等检测手段,研究不同固溶温度下Fe含量对Al-MgSi合金铸棒微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Fe含量为0.14%(质量分数,下同)时,Al-Mg-Si合金具有最高的强度和断后伸长率,随着固溶温度升高,合金强度不断提高,固溶温度520℃以上时合金强度趋于高点,抗拉强度280 MPa,屈服强度259 MPa,断后伸长率13.40%;时效处理后晶界处富Fe相是球形的α-Al_(8)Fe_(2)Si,对合金基体割裂作用弱,弥散分布在晶界处起到钉扎晶界的作用;当Fe含量低于0.14%时,晶界处球形的α-Al_(8)Fe_(2)Si极少,钉扎晶界弱,在500℃以上固溶时,晶粒明显长大,断后伸长率大幅度降低;当Fe含量高于0.14%时,富Fe相多为长条状的β-Al_(5)FeSi,对界面割裂作用强,随着Fe含量增加,合金强度和断后伸长率不断降低;此外,Fe含量影响β"相时效过程的析出转变,Fe含量为0.14%时,β"强化相析出的尺寸小、数量多、分布密集,对位错运动阻碍作用最强。

Al-Cr中间合金在熔融Al-Zn-Mg-Si-Fe镀液中的扩散反应研究

以Al-Cr中间合金锭和熔融Al-Zn-Mg-Si-Fe镀液为研究对象,研究了Al-Cr中间合金锭浸入含不同质量分数Fe的630℃熔融镀液15 h的扩散反应。使用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪分析了扩散前后Al-Cr中间合金锭组织和成分的变化,同时研究了镀液中Fe质量分数对Cr溶解度的影响。研究发现,随着镀液中的Zn、Mg、Si、Fe长时间向Al-Cr锭内部扩散,Al-Cr锭中原有的Al基体的组织转变成了与镀液成分相近的组织,原有的富Cr第二相转变成了Al-Cr-Zn-Si相和Al-(Fe,Cr)-Si相。随着Al-Cr锭中的Cr向镀液扩散,镀液中Cr质量分数升高,并在5 h后达到饱和。由于Cr和Al、Fe、Si优先形成了Al-(Fe,Cr)-Si金属间化合物,因此镀液中的Fe显著降低了Cr元素的饱和溶解度,当镀液Fe质量分数由0.10%增加至0.42%时,镀液中Cr质量分数由0.047%~0.059%减少至0.012%~0.016%。

(Si+Mn)/Fe对Al-5Cu合金铸态组织及力学性能的影响

在Al-5Cu-0.3Fe高强铸造合金中添加Mn和Si,采用OM、SEM、EDS及DSC等分析方法研究(Si+Mn)/Fe质量比(K=3、4、5和6)对其铸态组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着K值的增大,富Fe相形貌的变化趋势为针状→汉字状→粗大汉字状富Fe相聚集,富Fe相由针状Al 3FeMn向汉字状Al 6FeMn转变。Al-5.0Cu-0.3Fe-1Si-x Mn合金,K=4时,拉伸断口展现良好的塑性特征,合金的综合力学性能最佳,比K=3时抗拉强度和延伸率分别提高了22%和65%。Si和Mn元素对Al-5.0Cu-0.3Fe合金的富Fe相有良好的变质作用。适当减少Mn的添加量,而增加Si的含量,保持(Si+Mn)/Fe=4,有助于减少合金的孔洞缺陷,降低热裂敏感性,较好地调控富Fe相形貌和尺寸。

Al−Si−Fe−Mn合金熔体保温过程中富铁相的三维形态特征和生长行为

采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、热力学计算和同步辐射X射线成像技术研究Al−7.0Si−1.0Fe−1.2Mn合金熔体保温过程中富铁相的形态演变和生长行为。结果表明,随着保温温度的降低,富铁相的形态由粗大的星形和多边形状转变成细小的汉字状以及汉字和多边形的耦合结构。富铁相的三维形貌显示,星形富铁相由多个多分支的初生相和衍生的不规则次生相组成;耦合结构由多面体和枝晶组成;单一汉字相则由枝晶组成。随着保温温度的降低,富铁相的数量、体积分数以及最大富铁相的体积和连通性显著降低。原位同步辐射X射线结果显示,在凝固过程中形成了两类初生富铁相,其中尺寸较小的初生富铁相保留在熔体中,并成为耦合共晶结构富铁相的形核质点。

Modification ofβ-Al_5FeSi Compound in Recycled Al-Si-Fe Cast Alloy by Using Sr,Mg and Cr Additions

The effects of Sr,Mg,Cr,Sr/Mg and Sr/Cr combined additions on the Fe-containing intermetallic phase in a recycled Al-Si-Fe cast alloy are investigated.The experimental results show that the additions of Cr and Sr/Cr successfully modified the platelet and flake-likeβ-Al-5FeSi phases （β-compound） into the fibrousα-Al-8Fe-2Si （α-compound）.The additions of Sr and Sr/Mg were less effective to modify theβ-compound into theα-compound,while the eutectic Si was fully modified into the fibrous morphology.A small secondary dendrite arm spacing （DAS） was found in the Sr-added,Cr-added and Sr/Cr-added alloys,especially in a steel mold.The Sr,Sr/Cr and Sr/Mg combined additions modify the eutectic Si simultaneously.A sludge phase was found in the addition of Cr-added,Sr/Cr-added and Mg-added alloys,especially in the graphite mold casting.The volume fraction ofβ-compounds was decreased by the addition of various modifying elements. The Cr and Sr/Cr combined additions are very effective to modify theβ-compound for the recycled Al-Si-Fe based alloys.

Electromagnetic Filtration of Primary Fe-Rich Phases from Al-Si Alloy Melt

Electromagnetic filtration of primary Fe-rich phases (complex compound of AlFeSiMn) from Al-Si alloy melt containing 1.2 wt pct Fe have been studied by theoretical analysis and on a self-designed electromagnetic filtration equipment. The principle of the electromagnetic filtration is that the EMF (electromagnetic force) scarcely acts on the primary Fe-rich phases having low electric conductivity, which are then moved in the direction opposite to that of the EMF. Experimental results show that the primary Fe-rich phases are separated from Al-Si alloy melt and are collected in the filter while the melt is in horizontal flow. The removal efficiency of the primary iron-phases (77) calculated is less as the greatest flow velocity of the melt (UM) and the height of the filter (2h) are larger, while it becomes larger as EMF, operating distance of electromagnetic force (cr) and particle size (dv) become larger. It has been confirmed that the primary iron-phases larger than 20 jim can be removed efficiently by theoretical analysis and experiments. This new technique is high efficient and available for continuously flowing melts as compared with natural settling and filtration methods, which offer a possibility for recycling high quality aluminum alloys.

Tribological properties improvement of conventionally-cast Al−8.5Fe−1.3V−1.7Si alloy by multi-pass friction stir processing

The effect of multi-pass friction stir processing(FSP)on the tribological properties of conventionally-cast Al−8.5Fe−1.3V−1.7Si(FVS0812)alloy was investigated.The pin-on-disk dry sliding wear tests were conducted at room temperature under the applied pressures of 0.25,0.50,and 0.75 MPa.The results showed that FSP substantially refined and improved the distribution of coarse¸-Al_(13)Fe4 platelets andα-Al_(12)(Fe,V)_(3)Si intermetallics in the microstructure of alloys and eliminated the intermetallic-related defects.Consequently,the mechanical properties of the alloys,especially their ductility,were improved,which enhanced the stability of the protective tribolayer formed on their worn surfaces.According to the wear test results,the FSPed samples showed improved tribological properties especially at the higher applied pressures.For instance,at the applied pressure of 0.75 MPa,the wear rate and average friction coefficient of four-pass FSPed sample were lower than those of the base as-cast sample by 97%and 52%,respectively.SEM examination of the worn surfaces and wear debris also demonstrated that the wear mechanism changed from severe delamination/abrasion and microcracking of the tribolayer in the as-cast samples to mild delamination/abrasion and minor plastic wear in the FSPed samples.

Three-dimensional characteristics of Fe-rich intermetal ics in gravity-cast Al-6Si alloys

Fe-rich intermetallics, especially β-Fe phase, usually forming in the microstructure of cast aluminum alloys, are very detrimental to mechanical properties. In the present work, the effects of Fe content on phase transformation and microstructures were analyzed using a 3D X-ray microscope. Based on the highresolution 3D X-ray computed tomography, the 3D characteristics of Fe-rich intermetallics and micropores in the gravity-cast Al-6 Si alloys with different Fe contents were investigated. In addition, the effect of intermetallics on the microporosity was discussed. The results show that with increasing the Fe content from 0.10 wt.% to 0.60 wt.%, the volume fraction of Fe-rich intermetallics and the volume of the largest size Fe-rich intermetallic increased, and the 3D morphology of intermetallics changed from fine flake to network aggregation. As the Fe contents increased, the shrinkage pores were characterized, which were rather complex due to the micropores promoted by the intermetallics interactions.

Distributions of Sr and Fe and their influence on modification of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy

The influence of cooling rate and Fe-containing phases on Sr-modification of Si phases in hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys, a problem with great industrial importance, was investigated. The microstructures of samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX). A new method of electron probe microanalysis(EPMA) map scanning was used to analyze the Sr distribution, which gave quantitative results covering more Si particles. EPMA map scanning, together with SEM with EDX, was also used in analyzing the distribution of Fe phases. Results show that Fe-containing phase was related to the unmodified Si particles in samples with partial modification failure and the plate-like Si phases in samples without modification failure. Such a relationship was further confirmed by the microstructure observation.In conclusion, a partial failure of Sr-modification can be caused by both slow cooling rate and Fe-containing phases.

Microstructural characteristics of intermetallic phases in spray-deposition Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si alloy

Analysis electron microtechnique (AEM) and high resolution electron microtechnique (HREM) studies were conducted on a spray deposition Al 8.5Fe 1.3V 1.7Si(mass fraction, %) alloy to determine the characteristics of the intermetallic phases. The results show that the striking characteristics of the microstructures in as deposited and as extruded alloys indicate the presence of a large amounts of homogeneously distributed fine particles and a few coarse particles, while small amount of eutectics consisted of α (Al) and α AlFeSi are found in local zone in as deposited alloy. The fine particle is identified to be bcc α AlFeSi phase, and the coarse particles are monoclinic α Al 13 Fe 4 equilibrium phase, bcc α AlFeSi phase and newly found hexagonal h AlFeSi metastable phase. In α Al 13 Fe 4 , stacking faults on (100) and (001) plane and microtwin on (100) twinning plane are frequently observed. The extra reflection spots in α AlFeSi reflection pattern can be induced by α AlFeSi superstructure. The hexagonal metastable phase transforms to bcc phase, and the compositions of two phases are very similar. A close crystallographic orientation relationship between hexagonal and bcc phases are determined, and HREM image shows that the interface between them is coherent. [

Microstructural evolution of Al-20Si-5Fe alloy during rapid solidification and hot consolidation

Al-20Si-5Fe melt was rapidly solidified into particles and ribbons and then consolidated to near full density by hot pressing at 400℃/250 MPa/1 h. According to the eutectic-growth and dendritic-growth velocity models, the solidification front velocity and the amount of undercooling were estimated for the particles with different sizes. Values of 0.43-1.2 cm/s and 15-28 K were obtained. The secondary dendrite arm spacing revealed a cooling rate of 6 × 10^5 K/s for the particles with an average size of 20 μm. Solidification models for the ribbons yielded a cooling rate of 5 × 10^7 K/s. As a result of the higher cooling rate, the melt-spun ribbons exhibited considerable microstructural refinement and modification. The size of the primary silicon decreased from approximately 1μm to 30 nm while the formation of iron-containing intermetallic compounds was suppressed. Supersaturation of the aluminum matrix in an amount of-7 at.% Si was noticed from the XRD patterns During the hot consolidation process, coarsening of the primary silicon particles and precipitation of β-Al5FeSi phase were observed. Evaluation of the compressive strength and hardness of the alloy indicated an improvement in mechanical properties due to the microstructural modification.

Deformation Localization and Shear Fracture of a Rapidly Solidified Al-Fe-V-Si Alloy at Elevated Temperature

The tensile and fatigue behavior of a dispersoid strengthened, powder metallurgy Al-Fe-V-Si alloy at ambient and elevated temperatures was investigated. The results show that the strength and ductility of the alloy decrease significantly with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. Micro-structural examinations reveal that this change in mechanical behavior with increasing temperature is related to the mode of deformation of the alloy. Further observations show that localized shear deformation is responsible for the losses in both strength and ductility of the alloy at elevated temperature.

喷射成形Al-Fe-V-Si系耐热铝合金的数值模拟及组织分析

利用数值模拟方法模拟了在喷射成形Al Fe V Si系耐热铝合金过程中雾化液滴的飞行状态及凝固行为 ,给出了不同尺寸雾化液滴的冷却速度和固相分数随飞行距离的变化规律 ,并对雾化颗粒的形貌组织进行了观察分析。在雾化颗粒中观察到了尺寸在 1～ 10 μm的第二相 ,能谱及XRD分析表明这种第二相为Al12 (Fe ,V) 3

FORMATION OF QUASICRYSTALLINE PHASE IN RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED Al-Fe-V-Si ALLOY

The icosahedral quasicrvstalline phase (i-phase) with the chemical composition of 82.4at%Al. 8.8at%Fe. 3.6at%V and 5.2at%Si in melt spun Al-Fe-V-Si ribbons was found. It is suggested that the temperature and holding time of the melt prior to quenching are the important factors in the formation of the i-phase.

SiCp／Al-Fe-V-Si复合材料组织与性能的热稳定性

为研究SiCP/Al-Fe-V-Si复合材料的热稳定性,对多层喷射沉积技术制备的SiC颗粒增强Al-Fe-V-Si合金经过不同温度下的热稳定性实验后进行了硬度检测,并对其显微组织进行了电镜观察。结果表明:随着基体合金材料中Fe含量的提高,复合材料的组织和力学性能具有更好的高温稳定性。添加SiC颗粒后,SiC颗粒向基体中注入Si,由于基体中Si浓度的提高,减慢了合金中第二相弥散粒子的粗化和分解,与未添加SiC颗粒的合金材料相比,添加SiC颗粒复合材料的组织和力学性能具有更好的高温稳定性。

SiC颗粒增强Al-Fe-V-Si复合材料的SiC/Al界面形貌

采用喷射沉积工艺制备SiCp/Al-Fe-V-Si复合材料,并通过热压和热轧工艺对沉积坯进行致密化;通过高分辨电镜观察其SiC/Al界面形貌,并对比热暴露后的界面形貌。结果表明:复合材料主要存在两种SiC/Al界面,一种是厚度为3nm左右的晶态Si界面层,且在界面附近的基体中生成细小的Al4C3相;另一种是厚度为5nm的非晶态SiO2界面层,部分溶解的SiC颗粒向附近Al基体中注入游离态的Si,在界面附近形成Si的浓度梯度;两种界面都具有良好的润湿性,界面结合强度高;经640℃热暴露10h后,SiC/Al界面处生成的粗大Al4C3脆性相降低界面结合强度,从而降低复合材料的力学性能。

Fe-Si-Al系合金粉微波吸收特性

采用扁平化工艺以及绝缘包覆工艺对铁硅铝系软磁合金粉末进行改性。对实验样品进行扫描电镜分析，观察颗粒形貌对材料性能的影响；探讨球磨时间以及不同绝缘介质含量对于材料电磁性能的影响规律。根据单层吸波材料（含导电衬底）对电磁波的反射率公式的分析以及对不同样品反射率的计算可知，球磨扁平化工艺以及绝缘包覆工艺可有效地改善铁硅铝金属粉末的微波吸收性能。经改性后的铁硅铝系软磁金属粉末在1．0～3．5GHz频段具有较好的吸波性能，可应用于抗电磁干扰领域。