PIEZOSPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF RESIDUAL STRESSES AROUND INDENTATIONS IN SiC/Al_O_3 NANOCOMPOSITE

A new experimental measurement of residual stresses around Vickers′ indentations on the surface of the SiC/Al 2O 3 nanocomposites is proposed with the aid of a Raman microprobe. Results s how that the shifts of R lines in the fluorescence spectra va ry with the distance from the centre of indentation. The magnitude of load appli ed on the surface of the materials through the indenter influences the shifts of R lines to great extent. The luminescence of R lines of the materials before indenting is used to determine the residual stresses around the indentation in the materials, assuming that the stress tensor is transversely isotropic. Final ly, the term of hydrostatic stress is adopted to explain and compare different residual stresses around indentations with the increase of the indenting load an d the distance from the centre of indentations. <

PIEZOSPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF RESIDUAL STRESSES AROUND INDENTATIONS IN SiC/AlO3 NANOCOMPOSITE

A new experimental measurement of residual stresses around Vickers′ indentations on the surface of the SiC/Al 2O 3 nanocomposites is proposed with the aid of a Raman microprobe. Results s how that the shifts of R lines in the fluorescence spectra va ry with the distance from the centre of indentation. The magnitude of load appli ed on the surface of the materials through the indenter influences the shifts of R lines to great extent. The luminescence of R lines of the materials before indenting is used to determine the residual stresses around the indentation in the materials, assuming that the stress tensor is transversely isotropic. Final ly, the term of hydrostatic stress is adopted to explain and compare different residual stresses around indentations with the increase of the indenting load an d the distance from the centre of indentations. 【

High-performance self-organized Si nanocomposite anode for lithium-ion batteries

Silicon is being investigated extensively as an anodic material for next-generation lithium ion batteries for portable energy storage and electric vehicles.However,the large changes in volume during cycling lead to the breakdown of the conductive network in Si anodes and the formation of an unstable solid-electrolyte interface,resulting in capacity fading.Here,we demonstrate nanoparticles with a Si@Mn22.6Si5.4C4@C double-shell structure and the formation of self-organized Si-Mn-C nanocomposite anodes during the lithiation/delithiation process.The anode consists of amorphous Si particles less than 10 nm in diameter and separated by an interconnected conductive/buffer network,which exhibits excellent charge transfer kinetics and charge/discharge performances.A stable specific capacity of 1100 mAh·g-1 at 100 mA·g-1 and a coulombic efficiency of 99.2%after 30 cycles are achieved.Additionally,a rate capacity of 343 mAh·g-1 and a coulombic efficiency of 99.4%at 12000 mA·g-1 are also attainable.Owing to its simplicity and applicability,this strategy for improving electrode performance paves a way for the development of high-performance Si-based anodic materials for lithium ion batteries.

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Si_(3)N_(4)-TiC Nanocomposites

Si3N4/TiC nanocomposite ceramics have been fabricated by hot pressing technique with Al2O3 and Y2O3 as additives. The results showed that well dispersed composite powder was carried out by adding dispersant and adjusting pH values of suspensions. Remarkable increase in flexural strength at room temperatures was obtained by adding nanoparticles in Si3N4 matrix with 10% （wt pct） of nano-Si3N4 and 15% of nano-TiC. The flexural strength, fracture toughness and hardness were 1025 MPa, 7.5 MPa.m^1/2 and 15.6 GPa, respectively. The microstructures of materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, which indicated that TiC nanoparticles distribute in the matrix and at the grain boundaries. According to the fracture form, low contents of nano particles could refine matrix grains and lead to the crack deflection as well as crack pinning. The multiplex microstructure was formed by mixing nano-Si3N4 particles. The crack trajectories exhibited crack deflection, rod-like grain bridging and pull-out.

Enhanced Fenton,photo-Fenton and peroxidase-like activity and stability over Fe_3O_4/g-C_3N_4 nanocomposites

We prepared the Fe3O4/g‐C3N4nanoparticles(NPs)through a simple electrostatic self‐assembly method with a3:97weight ratio to investigate their Fenton,photo‐Fenton and oxidative functionalities besides photocatalytic functionality.We observed an improvement of the Fenton and photo‐Fenton activities of the Fe3O4/g‐C3N4nanocomposites.This improvement was attributed to efficient charge transfer between Fe3O4and g‐C3N4at the heterojunctions,inhibition of electron‐hole recombination,a high surface area,and stabilization of Fe3O4against leaching by the hydrophobic g‐C3N4.The obtained NPs showed a higher degradation potential for rhodamine B(RhB)dye than those of Fe3O4and g‐C3N4.As compared to photocatalysis,the efficiency of RhB degradation in the Fenton and photo‐Fenton reactions was increased by20%and90%,respectively.Additionally,the horseradish peroxidase(HRP)activity of the prepared nanomaterials was studied with3,3,5,5‐tetramethylbenzidinedihydrochloride(TMB)as a substrate.Dopamine oxidation was also examined.Results indicate that Fe3O4/g‐C3N4nanocomposites offers more efficient degradation of RhB dye in a photo‐Fenton system compared with regular photocatalytic degradation,which requires a long time.Our study also confirmed that Fe3O4/g‐C3N4nanocomposites can be used as a potential material for mimicking HRP owing to its high affinity for TMB.These findings suggest good potential for applications in biosensing and as a catalyst in oxidation reactions.

Optimization of mechanical properties using D-optimal factorial design of experiment: Electromagnetic stir casting process of A357-SiC nanocomposite

Electromagnetic stir casting process of A357-Si C nanocomposite was discussed using the D-optimal design of experiment(DODOE) method. As the main objective, nine random experiments obtained by DX-7 software were performed. By this method, A357-Si C nanocomposites with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.% Si C were fabricated at three different frequencies(10, 35 and 60 Hz) in the experimental stage. The microstructural evolution was characterized by scanning electron and optical microscopes, and the mechanical properties were investigated using hardness and roomtemperature uniaxial tensile tests. The results showed that the homogeneous distribution of Si C nanoparticles leads to the microstructure evolution from dendritic to non-dendritic form and a reduction of size by 73.9%. Additionally, based on DODOE, F-values of 44.80 and 179.64 were achieved for yield stress(YS) and ultimate tensile strength(UTS), respectively, implying that the model is significant and the variables(Si C fraction and stirring frequency) were appropriately selected. The optimum values of the Si C fraction and stirring frequency were found to be 1.5 wt.% and 60 Hz, respectively. In this case, YS and UTS for A357-Si C nanocomposites were obtained to be 120 and 188 MPa(57.7% and 57.9 % increase compared with those of the as-cast sample), respectively.

Electrophoretically deposited binder-free 3-D carbon/sulfur nanocomposite cathode for high-performance Li–S batteries

In the present study,the electrophoretic deposition method was successfully applied as a binder-free and scalable approach to deposit carbonaceous nanomaterials on carbon fiber paper(CFP)for cathode applications in Li-S batteries.The microstructural studies of the EPD-CNT film using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)revealed the formation of a crack-free and porous layer of CNTs being uniformly distributed on the CFP surface.The EPD:CFP/CNT/S cathode delivered a capacity around 2.2 times higher than that obtained in the absence of the EPD-CNT film(CFP/S cell)after 50 cycles and a capacity of935 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 C.The EPD method was then employed to fabricate layer-by-layer structures where the EPD-CNT film was decorated with carbon black particles.The initial capacity as well as the reversible capacity after 100 cycles was further increased by the EPD:CFP/CNT/KB/S layer-by-layer structure to 1473 and 1033 mAh g^-1,respectively,indicating effective suppression of the shuttle effect.In addition,the rate performance of CFP/S was improved by depositing the EPD-CNT and EPD-CNT/carbon black architectures on CFP surface,and even further enhanced through the co-deposition of CNT and Pt nanoparticles by EPD,delivering a specific capacity of around 730 mAh g^-1 at 1 C.Finally,the cathodes fabricated by EPD were observed to outperform those made by the conventional casting method in terms of cycling performance,internal resistance,and polarization.This difference was ascribed to the non-uniform microstructure of the Cast-CNT film,which resulted in poor interfacial connection between the CNT agglomerates,hindering uniform sulfide/sulfur deposition during cycling.The obtained results suggested that the binder-free C/S nanocomposite cathode made by EPD is key to further enhance the specific capacity and energy density of Li-S batteries.

SiC纳米线对大气等离子喷涂硅涂层性能的影响

为提升C/SiC复合材料表面Si涂层的韧性及其与C/SiC复合材料的结合强度,首先以10 mm×10 mm×10 mm的C/SiC复合材料作为基体,在基体表面生成约20μm厚的SiC纳米线(SiCnws)多孔层;再用大气等离子体喷涂法分别将生长SiCnws的基体和未生长SiCnws的基体喷涂约30、60、90μm厚的Si涂层。研究SiCnws对涂层试样的结合强度和抗氧化性的影响,并借助XRD、SEM、TEM和EDS对所制备的SiCnws和SiCnws/Si涂层进行物相组成、显微结构的分析。结果表明:1)制备的SiCnws形状平直,表面光滑,取向随机,直径为100~200 nm,是沿[111]晶向择优生长的β-SiC;2)SiCnws引入到Si涂层后,SiCnws/Si涂层试样的结合强度均比相应的Si涂层试样的高,说明SiCnws增强了Si涂层与C/SiC复合材料的结合;3)从室温至1400℃经历12次热震循环后,SiCnws/Si涂层试样的质量损失率比相应Si涂层试样的低20.7%~37.2%,说明SiCnws能有效缓解热应力,抑制裂纹的形成和扩展,降低裂纹尺寸和数量,提高涂层的抗氧化性。

基于C++SuperMix库的SIS混频器的研究

基于C++SuperMix软件库对680 GHz接收机中的双槽双超导隧道结(SIS)混频器进行深入模拟研究.在环境温度为4.2 K、本地振荡器(LO)频率为680 GHz、本振功率为100 nW、中频频率中心为10 GHz和中频匹配阻抗为50Ω的条件下,采用二次谐波的谐波平衡法,在0~500 K热噪声源温度下对SIS混频器的输出噪声温度进行建模仿真研究.计算得出:当偏置电压在2~3 mV变化时,SIS混频器的输出噪声温度均小于50 K,表明所研究的SIS混频器具有较好的噪声性能.

Fe-C-Mn-Si-Al双相钢两相区加热过程中的奥氏体相变行为研究

采用Dictra软件模拟与实验验证相结合,研究了不同加热条件下铁素体+渗碳体向奥氏体的相变过程,重点分析了渗碳体溶解规律及其对奥氏体相变动力学的影响规律,借助场发射电子探针对不同加热路径下的铁素体及马氏体组织形貌及元素分布进行观测,使用透射电镜对渗碳体和残余奥氏体进行了表征。结果表明,慢速加热至740℃长时间等温与加热至780℃较短时间等温对比发现,虽然渗碳体刚溶解完全时的奥氏体分数相差不大,但在渗碳体溶解的过程中,奥氏体相变的方式不尽相同。在慢速加热条件下,铁素体晶界处为奥氏体优先形核地点;快速加热条件下,由于形核驱动力提高,铁素体晶粒内部的渗碳体处同样可以形核。740℃等温结合快速加热,获得了马氏体与残余奥氏体的“壳-核”组织结构。

Experimental Investigation of the Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of C/SiC Composite Thin Slab

Fiber-reinforced composites possess anisotropic mechanical and heat transfer properties due to their anisotropic fibers and structure distribution.In C/Si C composites,the out-of-plane thermal conductivity has mainly been studied,whereas the in-plane thermal conductivity has received less attention due to their limited thickness.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multiscale SiC_p Hybrid Reinforced 6061 Aluminum Matrix Composites

The performance of solid solution aging treatment on aluminum matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy and reinforced with 6061 aluminum alloy powder as matrix;meanwhile, nano silicon carbide particles(nm Si Cp), submicron silicon carbide particles(1 μm Si Cp) and Ti particles were studied. The Al/Si Cp composite powder was prepared by high-energy ball milling, and then cold-pressed, sintered, hotextruded, and then heat-treated with different solution temperatures and aging times for the extruded composites. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and extrusion testing were used to analyze and test the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites. The results show that after the multi-stage solid solution at 530 ℃×2 h+535 ℃×2 h+540 ℃×2 h, the particles are mainly equiaxed grains and uniformly distributed. There is no reinforcement agglomeration, and the surface is dense and the insoluble phase is basically dissolved. In the matrix, the strengthening effect is good, and the hardness and compressive strength are 179.43 HV and 680.42 MPa, respectively. Under this solution process, when the aluminum matrix composites are aged at 170 ℃ for 10 h, the hardness and compressive strength can reach their peaks and increase to 195.82 HV and 721.48 MPa, respectively.

Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的制备及其性能

从电池性能的角度出发,合理设计电池负极材料是必要的,为此提出Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的制备及电化学性能分析研究。准备实验材料和仪器后,分别按照Si:石墨为1:9、2:8、3:7和4:6的比例准备混合料,按照料液比1:4加入无水乙醇作为球磨介质,在球磨机中进行球磨处理,干燥后得到Si含量分别为10%、20%、30%和40%的复合材料;按照质量比为90:5:2:3的比例活性物质(Si/C复合材料)、导电剂碳黑、分散剂乙二醇和粘结剂PVDF配置浆料,涂抹于锂箔表面,经热压成型机对极片进行压实处理,得到Si/C复合锂离子电池负极。在采用电池测试系统在100 mA/g下对硅含量分别为10%、20%、30%和40%的复合材料电极电化学性质进行测试,得出结论Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的放电容量受硅含量影响明显,并且不存在直接的线性相关关系;硅含量也会影响Si/C复合锂离子电池负极材料的库伦效率,过高或高低都会导致库伦效率下降。

基于Si4432无线模块的移动C臂机无线遥控器的设计与应用

为了提升医疗影像设备的操作便利性和精准性,设计基于Si4432无线模块的移动C臂机无线遥控器,具有遥控曝光功能,能够有效提高操作便捷性、提升无线通信的稳定性和可靠性。该设计的硬件包括系统模块、无线模块、继电器模块以及电源模块。核心部件为Si4432无线模块,具有高度集成、低功耗、高灵敏度和抗干扰能力强的特点。设计能够实现室内环境有墙间隔的可靠遥控,无线遥控装置单独测试中响应成功率达到95%,安装至C臂机后的测试中响应成功率达100%,具有良好的应用效果,能够满足使用需求。

C/C坯体对RMI C/C-SiC复合材料组织的影响

以PAN基炭纤维(Cf)针刺整体毡为预制体,用化学气相渗透(CVI)、浸渍炭化(IC)方法制备了不同炭纤维增强炭基体的多孔C/C坯体,采用反应熔渗(RMI)法制备C/C-SiC复合材料,研究了渗Si前后坯体的密度和组织结构。结果表明:不同C/C坯体反应溶渗硅后复合材料的物相组成为SiC相、C相及单质Si相;密度低的坯体熔融渗硅后密度增加较多;密度的增加与开口孔隙度并不是单调增加的关系,IC处理的坯体开口孔隙度低,但渗硅后复合材料的密度增加较多;IC坯体中分布分散的树脂C易与熔渗Si反应,CVI坯体中的热解C仅表层与熔渗Si反应,在Cf和SiC之间有热解C存在;坯体密度相同时,IC处理的坯体中SiC量较多,单质Si相含量少且分散较好,而CVI坯体中SiC量较少,单质Si相的量较多;制备方法相同时,高密度的C/C坯体,渗硅后C相较多。

粘结剂对锂离子电池Si/C复合材料性能的影响

以纳米硅粉(Si)、鳞片石墨(FG)和柠檬酸为原料,通过液相固化高温热解法制备硅碳(Si/C)复合材料,采用XRD和SEM表征复合材料的结构和形貌;采用不同的黏结剂聚四氟乙烯(PVDF)和褐藻酸盐(SA)分别对材料的电化学性能进行表征。结果表明:采用PVDF和SA作为粘结剂时,材料首次可逆比容量分别为528.7和538.5mA.h/g,首次库仑效率分别为69.57%和63.38%,但是采用SA作为粘结剂时材料呈现出良好的循环性能,20次循环后容量保持在90%以上。

Mo-Si-C系金属间化合物Mo_5Si_3C Gibbs生成自由能估算

根据最小自由能原理和向下凸曲面性质推导出估算三元系和二元系金属间化合物热力学数据的判断式 ,并以 Mo- Si- C三元系为例 ,估算了三元相 T(Mo5 Si3C)的 Gibbs生成自由能。

静电纺丝法制备Si/C复合负极材料及其性能表征

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）作为高分子聚合物配体，采用静电纺丝法制备了Si／C复合负极材料。利用PVP高温烧结形成的碳作为体积缓冲骨架，有效地解决了硅在循环过程中的体积膨胀和粉化问题。采用x射线衍射rXRD）、拉曼光谱（Raman）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对复合材料的晶体结构及微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明，材料整体呈纤维状分布，纤维直径300～400nm，Si粒子以“麦穗状”均匀地分布在由无定形碳构成的纤维上。电化学测试结果表明，复合材料首次充放电的不可逆容量为294．9mAh／g，是由于电极与电解液界面间固态电解质（SEI）膜的形成所致。另外，复合材料在低倍率（0．1c、0．2C和0．50和高倍率（1．0C和2．0℃）下均具有较高的库伦效率及较好的循环稳定性。

新型Ti-Si-C-N纳米复合超硬薄膜的高温热稳定性

用脉冲直流等离子体辅助化学气相沉积(PCVD)方法在高速钢基体上沉积出新型Ti-Si-C-N超硬薄膜,Ti-Si-C-N薄膜为纳米晶／非晶复合结构(nc-Ti(C,N)／a-Si_3N_4／a-C—C),当薄膜中Si和C含量较高时,Ti(C,N)转变为TiC,晶粒尺寸减小到2—4 nm,薄膜晶粒尺寸和硬度的高温热稳定性均随沉积态薄膜中的原始晶粒尺寸减小而提高,当原始晶粒尺寸在8—10 nm之间时,晶粒尺寸和硬度热稳定性可达900℃；当原始晶粒尺寸在2—4 nm之间时,晶粒尺寸和硬度热稳定性可达1000℃,薄膜硬度和晶粒尺寸表现出同步的高温热稳定性,分析认为由调幅分解形成的纳米复合结构中的非晶相强烈地抑制晶界滑移与晶粒长大,从而使Ti-Si-C-N薄膜的热稳定性显著提高。

Si/C/N纳米粉体的吸波特性研究

采用XRD研究了氮原子百分含量为11.61%的Si/C/N纳米粉体的相组成,并测定了粉体介电常数根据介电常数,分别优化设计了单层和双层的吸波涂层,设计的吸波涂层对8～18GHz范围的电磁波有较好的吸收作用.设计厚度为2.7mm的单层吸波涂层,在8～15GHz范围内反射率<-5dB.设计厚度为2.8mm的双层吸波涂层,在8～18GHz频率范围内电磁波的反射率均<-5dB,反射率<-8dB的频带为6GHz.针对纳米粉体的吸波特性,提出了Si/C/N纳米粉体的吸波机理.