Microstructures and tensile properties of as-cast Mg-5Sn-1Si magnesium alloy modified with trace elements of Y,Bi,Sb and Sr

The microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy modified with trace elements Y,Bi,Sb and Sr were investigated and compared.Results show that the microstructure of the as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si alloy consists ofα-Mg,Mg_(2) Si,Mg_(2) Sn and Mg_(2)(Si_xSn_(1-x))phases.After adding 0.8 wt.%Y,0.3 wt.%Bi,0.9 wt.%Sb and 0.9 wt.%Sr,respectively into the Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy,Mg_(24)Y_(5),Mg_(3) Bi_(2),Mg_(3) Sb_(2) and Mg_(2) Sr phases are precipitated accordingly.Trace elements can refineα-Mg grain and Chinese scriptshaped Mg_(2) Si phase.Refinement efficiency of different trace elements onα-Mg grain and Mg_(2) Si phase is varied.Sr element has the best refinement effect,followed by Sb and Bi,while Y has the least refinement effect.Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sr alloy has higher tensile properties than the other three modified alloys.The refinement mechanism of Y,Bi and Sr elements on Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy can be explained by the growth restriction factors and the solute undercooling.For Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sb alloy,the heterogeneous nuclei of Mg_(3) Sb_(2) phase is the main reason for the refinement of grains and second phases.

Effect of TiB2 and Al3Ti on the microstructure,mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of near eutectic Al−12.6Si alloy

A near eutectic Al−12.6Si alloy was developed with 0.0wt%,2.0wt%,4.0wt%,and 6.0wt%Al−5Ti−1B master alloy.The micro-structural morphology,hardness,tensile strength,elongation,and fracture behaviour of the alloys were studied.The unmodified Al−12.6Si al-loy has an irregular needle and plate-like eutectic silicon(ESi)and coarse polygonal primary silicon(PSi)particles in the matrix-likeα-Al phase.The P_(Si),E_(Si),andα-Al morphology and volume fraction were changed due to the addition of the Al−5Ti−1B master alloy.The hardness,UTS,and elongation improved due to the microstructural modification.Nano-sized in-situ Al3Ti particles and ex-situ TiB_(2)particles caused the mi-crostructural modification.The fracture images of the developed alloys exhibit a ductile and brittle mode of fracture at the same time.The Al−5Ti−1B modified alloys have a more ductile mode of fracture and more dimples compared to the unmodified alloy.

Natural Passivity of Amorphous Fe_(40)Ni_(40)P_(14)B_6 and Fe_(54.6)Ni_(38)Si_(4.1)B_(2.3)V_1 Alloys

The natural passive films forrned on Fe_(40)Ni_(40)P_(14)B_6 and Fe_(54.6)Ni_(38)Si_(4.1)B_(2.3)V_1 amorphous alloys long-term exposed in air have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron (including Ar+ ion depth profiling) spectroscopy (AES). The following aspects have been investigated: (1) chemical states of the elements in the films. binding energies and the chemical shifts measured by XPSf (2) structure and composition of the films fand (3) thickness of the passive films determined by AES depth profiling and XPS analysis.

Thermoelectric Properties of Mg_2Si_(1-x)Sn_x Synthesized by Bulk Mechanical Alloying

Bulk mechanical alloying （BMA） has been successfully applied to solid-state synthesis of p-type and n-type thermoelectric materials Mg2Si1-xSnx （x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1） from element-powders at the room temperature in a relatively short time. The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity of the Mg2Si1-xSnx are quite sensitive to the x-content. With the x-content rising, the electrical conductivity increases. When x = 0.6, it reaches the lowest and Mg2Si shows an n-type of semi-conducting However, when x = 0.2 and T 〉525 K, the Seebeck coefficient of the samples will change the opposite way. While x≥0.4, the samples present a p-type of semi-conducting. The figure of merit, Z of Mg2Si1-xSnx will be obtained in the range from 300 K to 700 K. When x = 0.6, Z proves to be higher than that of other samples at 300 K≤ T≤650 K.

Structure and Magnetic Properties of Fe_(76.5)Si_(13.5)B_9Cu_1 Alloy with Nanoscale Grain Size

The structure and magnetic properties of Fe76.5Si13.5B9Cu1 alloys with a nanocrystalline (NC) bcc Fe(Si) phase trom about 23 to 46 nm in diameter, which were first formed into amorphous ribbons and then annealed at various temperatures between 703 and 773 K, have been investigated. At annealing temperatures from 703 to 748 K, the single NC bcc(Si) phase is obtained in the crystallized alloys. The grain size and the Si-content in the NC bcc Fe(Si) phase for the alloys annealed at different temperatures are presented. The soft magnetic properties and the saturation magnetostriction for the alloys with the NC bcc Fe(Si) phase are also measured. The results show that, the saturation magnetizotion and the permeability are improved for the alloys with only the NC bcc Fe(Si) phase and become better with decreasing of the NC bcc phase size, and the saturation magnetostriction declines for the alloys with increasing Si-content in the NC bcc Fe(Si) phase.

Ordering of the α-Fe(Si) Crystallization Phase in Annealed Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Mo_3Si_(13.5)B_9 Alloy

The ordering of the α-Fe(Si) crystallization phase in annealed Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 alloy has been studied using XRD method. The α-Fe(Si) phase in Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9 alloy annealed at 460℃ for 1 h consists of the DO3-type ordered region with spherical shape and disordered region. The size of DO3 ordered region increases with the annealing temperature. When the annealing temperature is 560℃, the size of the ordered region in the α-Fe(Si) grain is 14.0nm,which is nearly as large as that of the α-Fe(Si) grain (14.2 nm) and the degree of order of the α-Fe(Si) phase is about 0.78. When Fe73.5Cu1 Mo3Si13.5B9 amorphous alloy is annealed at 520℃， with the increment of the annealing time, the shape of the DO3 ordered region in the α-Fe(Si) phase is spheroidal at the beginning of the annealing and becomes spherical and has asize of 12.8 nm when the annealing time is 60 min. In addition, the DO3 superlattice lines of the α-Fe(Si) phase will vanish if Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5 B9 amorphous alloy is annealed for 1 h at 750℃.

Microstructure of Differently Annealed NanocrystallineFe_(72.7)Cu_1Nb_(1.8)Mo_2Si_(13)B_(9.5) Alloy

The microstructure of differently annealed nanocrystalline Fe72.7Cu1Nb1.8Mo2Si13B9.5 alloy was investigated by using Mssbauer spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope. The specimens were isochronally annealed at temperatures between 480℃ and 600℃ for 0.5 h. The experimental results show that the microstructure mainly consists of the nanoscale bcc α-Fe(Si) grains and the residual amorphous matrix phase. A trace paramagnetic phase was found for annealing about above 500℃. The volume fraction of cr-Fe(Si) grain increases with increasing annealing temperature, whereas the average size of grain is almost unchanged above 480℃ up to 580℃. The calculated thickness of the intergranular layer of the residual amorphous matrix clearly decreases with increasing annealing temperature.

Relations among High-frequency Magnetic Properties and Frequency in Nanocrystalline Fe_(72.5)Cu_1Nb_2V_2Si_(13.5)B_9 Alloy

High-frequency magnetic properties, such as core loss, coercivity and amplitude permeabilityof a newly-developed nanocrystalline Fe72.5Cu1Nb2V2Si13.5B9 alloy in the wide ranges of f =20-103 kHz, Bm = 0.01~0.6 T and Bmf = 10~40 (T.kHz) have been measured. A largeamount of experimental data have been fitted by a computer, thus obtaining several expressionsrepresenting the influence of frequency on high-frequency magnetic properties, that are useful inpractical applications.

Microstructure and Stability of Fe_(73.5) Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9 Alloy at Different Stages of Phase Transformation

The microstructure and the stability of Fe_73.5Cu_1Nb_3Si_13.5B_9 alloy at different stages of phase transformation were investigated through the observation of X-ray difraction and transmission electron microscopy and the measurement of magnetic aftereffect (MAE). It was found that the dependence of the volume fraction of amorphous phase and the MAE in the samples annealed from 450 to 700℃ on the annealing temperature is similar.

Characteristics of Faigue Crack Initiation in Ti-5Al-4Sn-2Zr-1Mo-0.7Nd-0.25Si Alloy

The characteristics of fatigue crack initiation in Ti-5AI-4Sn-2Zr1Mo-O.7Nd-O.25Si alloy wereStudied. Two modes Of fatigue crack initiation were found. The Nd-rich phase particles displaybetter resistance to fatigue crack initiation than the matrix at lower stress.

Influence of Magnetic Field Intensity on the Shape of the μ-T Curves for Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 Alloy

Under different magnetic field intensities, the dependence of the permeability μ on temperature T(μ-T curve) for the Fe7.3Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy annealed at 350-620℃ was investigated. The results showed that the magnetic field intensity had a remarkable influence on the shape of μ-T curves. For amorphous alloy, the sharp Hopkinson peak of μ-T curve disappeared gradually with the increase of magnetic field intensity.

Magnetic Properties and Applications of Newly-developed Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_(1.5)V_(1.5)Si_(13.5)B_9 Alloy

The synthetical soft magnetic properties including d.c. and a.c. magnetic properties and pulse magnetic property are reported for a newly-developed nanocrystalline Fe73.5Cu1 Nb1.5V1.5Si13.5B9 alloy The new alloy possesses high d.c. relative initial permeability of 12.5×104 and low coerciv ity of 0.54 A/m. Under the conditions of Bm=0.3 T, f=100 kHz and Bm=0.2 T, f=200 kHz the core losses of the new alloy are 543 kW·m-3 and 834 kW.m-3, respectively which can be compa rable with those of nanocrystalline Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy. The analyses of core losses have been carried out in the wider range of f=20～104 kHz and Bm=0.0025～0.8 T and the approxi mate expression P(kW·m-3)=1.803 B:f1.77 has been obtained. The analyses of core losses in the range of f=20～104 kHz and Bmf=(10～40)×103(T.Hz) have shown that the core loss and the corresponding amplitude permeability roughly vary as P = 2.347×10-6(Bmf)1.97f-0.2231 and μa = 9.56× 105f-0.7464, respectively for the given product B.f. Some practical applica tions have also been mentioned.

Influence of technical parameters on strength and ductility of AlSi9Cu3 alloys in squeeze casting

An orthogonal test was conducted to investigate the influence of technical parameters of squeeze casting on the strength and ductility of AISigCu3 alloys. The experimental results showed that when the forming pressure was higher than 65 MPa, the strength （ab） of A1Si9Cu3 alloys decreased with the forming pressure and pouring temperature increasing, whereas ab increased with the increase of filling velocity and mould preheating temperature. The ductility （6） by alloy was improved by increasing the forming pressure and filling velocity, but decreased with pouring temperature increasing. When the mould preheating temperature increased, the ductility increased first, and then decreased. Under the optimized parameters of pouring temperature 730 ℃, forming pressure 75 MPa, filling velocity 0.50 m/s, and mould preheating temperature 220 ℃, the tensile strength, elongation, and hardness of A1Si9Cu3 alloys obtained in squeeze casting were improved by 16.7%, 9.1%, and 10.1%, respectively, as compared with those of sand castings.

Al-5% Ti-1% B对Sr变质Al-13.0 %Si合金组织影响的研究

Sr作为变质剂加入到Al Si合金中能导致共晶硅的形态从粗大的片状 (或称为针状 )转变为细小的纤维状 ,但同时也促进了柱状枝晶的形成。当Al 5%Ti 1%B加入量低于 0 8%时 ,α枝晶有等轴化趋向 ,柱状枝晶的主干长度缩短 ,对共晶硅的形态与尺寸没有显著的影响 ,尽管共晶团尺寸略有下降。但当Al 5%Ti 1%B加入量超过 0 8%后 ,其对Sr变质作用的有害影响显现出来 ,α Al枝晶数量减少 ,出现初晶硅 ,共晶硅尺寸变大。随着加入量进一步增加 ,最终转变为未变质组织。所有的结果表明 :熔体中有效Sr量随着Al 5%Ti 1%B中间合金加入量的增加而降低 。

功率超声对水平连铸Al-1％Si合金凝固的影响

研究了水平连铸过程中在保温炉内施加功率超声熔体处理对Al-1％Si合金凝周过程的影响。结果表明:施加功率超声后,合金凝固曲线第1个拐点左移,斜率发生了变化,且随着超声功率的增加,合金的结晶温度升高,当超声功率为1000 W时,结晶温度提高了33℃;同时,施加了功率超声后,保温炉内金属液温度分布均匀性随着超声功率的增加得到了显著的改善;金相分析表明,当超声功率为1000 W时,铸坯凝固组织得到了细化,同时晶粒尺寸更加均匀;此外,施加功率超声处理后铸坯表面质量得到了提高。

超声场对Al-1％Si合金水平连铸坯显微组织及力学性能的影响

对直径为10 mm的Al-1％Si合金水平连铸过程施加超声处理后,铸坯的表面质量得到了改善,凝固组织得到了细化,力学性能得到了提高．当超声功率达到1000 W时,表面粗糙度由未施加超声波时的40μm降为10μm;平均晶粒度由94.1μm降为31．2μm;抗拉强度、延伸率和硬度分别提高了20．5％、37．5％和23．9％;同时,Si元素在α(AI)基体中分布的均匀性得到了提高,晶界偏析得到了抑制,析出的Si相形貌由条状变为颗粒状．

热型连铸Al-1%Si线材的研究

在自制的水平热型连铸设备上,采用一定的工艺参数,制备出了表面呈镜面,内部组织沿轴向定向排列的柱状晶Al-1%Si线材,其与金属型生产的多晶线材相比,屈服强度提高40%,伸长率提高35.3%,导电率提高了17.3%。

Ca含量对AZ61-1Si合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

利用OM、XRD、SEM、EDS等方法,研究了Ca含量对AZ61-1Si合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Ca能显著改变Mg2Si相的形态及大小,细化晶界,而对基体晶粒尺寸影响不大。添加Ca后,AZ61-1Si镁合金的力学性能得到明显提高。

超声波传振杆的端面面积对Al-1％Si铸锭凝固组织的影响

以Al-1%Si合金为对象,分别选取准φmm和准φmm两种传振杆,研究了超声波传振杆的端面面积对金属凝固组织的影响。结果表明,超声波传振杆的端面面积对Al-1%Si凝固组织有直接的影响。在相同的熔体处理条件下,使用直径小的传振杆处理金属熔体可以获得较好的细化效果。最后,从声压角度分析了产生这一现象的原因。

熔体保温条件下超声波对Al-1％Si合金凝固组织的影响

研究了Al-1%Si合金在保温条件下超声波处理对其凝固组织的影响,考察了不同保温温度、不同处理时间及不同冷却方式条件下Al-1%Si合金凝固组织的变化规律。试验表明:在不同保温温度条件下,当保温温度较高时,超声波处理熔体的晶粒细化效果不明显,晶粒粗大;随着保温温度的下降,铸锭中等轴晶的数量先呈递增趋势;当在两相区内进行超声波处理时,晶粒细化效果降低,等轴晶数量明显减少,可以认为存在一个适当的超声波处理温度。此外,坩埚材质和冷却方式对保温处理后熔体凝固组织有很大的影响。