Sensitive and accurate detection of biological analytes,such as proteins,genes,small molecules,ions,cells,etc.,has been a significant project in life science.Signal amplification is one of the most effective approache...Sensitive and accurate detection of biological analytes,such as proteins,genes,small molecules,ions,cells,etc.,has been a significant project in life science.Signal amplification is one of the most effective approaches to improve the sensitivity of bioanalysis.Taking advantage of specific base pairing,programmable operation,and predictable assembly,DNA is flexible and suitable to perform the signal amplification procedure.In recent years,signal amplification strategies by means of DNA technology have been widely integrated into the construction of electrochemiluminescence(ECL)biosensors,achieving desirable analytical performance in clinical diagnosis,biomedical research,and drug development.To the best of our knowledge,these DNA signal amplification technologies mainly include classical polymerase chain reaction,and various amplification approaches conducted under mild conditions,such as rolling circle amplification(RCA)or hyperbranched RCA,cleaving enzyme-assisted amplification,DNAzyme-involved amplification,toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement amplification without enzyme participation,and so on.This review overviews the recent advancements of DNA signal amplification strategies for bioanalysis in the ECL realm,sketching the creative trajectory from strategies design to ultrasensitive ECL platform construction and resulting applications.展开更多
Nowadays,due to excellent biological and polymeric characteristics,DNA has been widely noted as an emerging building block to construct diverse materials for biosensing,in vivo imaging,drug delivery,and disease therap...Nowadays,due to excellent biological and polymeric characteristics,DNA has been widely noted as an emerging building block to construct diverse materials for biosensing,in vivo imaging,drug delivery,and disease therapy.Particularly,relying on programmability,predictability,and stability of DNA,DNA walkers have opened new and exciting opportunities in modern life sciences for target detection and biological analysis,which are constructed by self-assembly of DNA or combining DNA with other nanomaterials(e.g.,quantum dots,gold nanoparticles,magnetic nanoparticles,polymers).Compared with conventional nanomaterials(lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles,magnetic nanomaterials,carbon dots,silicon dots,and so on),DNA walkers showed convenient modification,lower biotoxicity,excellent biocompatibility and high biostability,improving the biological application.Meanwhile,with high-speed operating efficiency and sustainable operation,DNA walkers powered by strand displacement reaction or protein enzyme/DNAzyme reaction,have highly sensitive detection and signal amplification abilities,which are applied in biosensing,material assembly and synthesis,and early cancer diagnosis.Worthily,DNA walkers could be regarded as signal amplifiers,which enhanced the signal transduction and amplified biosensor sensing signals.Herein,we systematically and comprehensively summarized the operating principles of various DNA walkers,categorized rational design of the DNA walker,and outlined the application of DNA walker in biosensors.Furthermore,the challenges and future trends of DNA walkers were discussed.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21834004 and 21904063)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190279)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(021314380151)
文摘Sensitive and accurate detection of biological analytes,such as proteins,genes,small molecules,ions,cells,etc.,has been a significant project in life science.Signal amplification is one of the most effective approaches to improve the sensitivity of bioanalysis.Taking advantage of specific base pairing,programmable operation,and predictable assembly,DNA is flexible and suitable to perform the signal amplification procedure.In recent years,signal amplification strategies by means of DNA technology have been widely integrated into the construction of electrochemiluminescence(ECL)biosensors,achieving desirable analytical performance in clinical diagnosis,biomedical research,and drug development.To the best of our knowledge,these DNA signal amplification technologies mainly include classical polymerase chain reaction,and various amplification approaches conducted under mild conditions,such as rolling circle amplification(RCA)or hyperbranched RCA,cleaving enzyme-assisted amplification,DNAzyme-involved amplification,toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement amplification without enzyme participation,and so on.This review overviews the recent advancements of DNA signal amplification strategies for bioanalysis in the ECL realm,sketching the creative trajectory from strategies design to ultrasensitive ECL platform construction and resulting applications.
基金Financial support was from Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2023JJ40210,2023JJ40211)Hunan Provincial Innovation Training Program for College Students(No.202211342042)+2 种基金Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2021JJ10001)Key Areas Research and Development Plan of Hunan Province(No.2021SK2038)Huxiang High Level Talent Gathering Project(No.2021RC5011)。
文摘Nowadays,due to excellent biological and polymeric characteristics,DNA has been widely noted as an emerging building block to construct diverse materials for biosensing,in vivo imaging,drug delivery,and disease therapy.Particularly,relying on programmability,predictability,and stability of DNA,DNA walkers have opened new and exciting opportunities in modern life sciences for target detection and biological analysis,which are constructed by self-assembly of DNA or combining DNA with other nanomaterials(e.g.,quantum dots,gold nanoparticles,magnetic nanoparticles,polymers).Compared with conventional nanomaterials(lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles,magnetic nanomaterials,carbon dots,silicon dots,and so on),DNA walkers showed convenient modification,lower biotoxicity,excellent biocompatibility and high biostability,improving the biological application.Meanwhile,with high-speed operating efficiency and sustainable operation,DNA walkers powered by strand displacement reaction or protein enzyme/DNAzyme reaction,have highly sensitive detection and signal amplification abilities,which are applied in biosensing,material assembly and synthesis,and early cancer diagnosis.Worthily,DNA walkers could be regarded as signal amplifiers,which enhanced the signal transduction and amplified biosensor sensing signals.Herein,we systematically and comprehensively summarized the operating principles of various DNA walkers,categorized rational design of the DNA walker,and outlined the application of DNA walker in biosensors.Furthermore,the challenges and future trends of DNA walkers were discussed.