Main Controlling Factors and Dominant Reservoir Series Analysis of Es_3 in the Qibei Area of Qikou Sag

Based on analysis of geophysical data such as core observation, rock slices identification, physical property, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, logging data etc., 16 factors of sedimentation, diagenesis, fluid pressure, and their relationships with reservoir physical property were analyzed, and the results indicate sedimentation is the internal factor controlling the reservoir property, diagenesis is the external and final decisive factor and abnormal fluid pressure is an important factor preserving the deep reservoir property. Quantitative characterization of diagenesis indicates that compaction and dissolution are more important than cementation and they respectively cause porosity change of-23.6% and 7.7% and -6.2%. Through optimizing 11 main controlling factors and constructing reservoir evaluation index （REI） according to the hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis, reservoir classification standard was established and reservoirs were divided into four classes. The studies show that Es~ SQ4 consists mainly of class I and II, while Es~ SQ6 is mainly of class III and II; the favorable zone is the north and south slope of Qibei sub-sag and the Liujianfang fault-nose. The successful application of the quantitative and comprehensive evaluation in the Qibei area verifies the advanced, practicable method of less artificial factor is suitable for the low porosity and permeability reservoir.

失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足及其影响因素

目的 调查失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足情况,分析其影响因素,为进一步完善失能失智老人医疗服务提供决策依据。方法 按分层整群抽样方法,在上海市杨浦和奉贤两区抽取60岁及以上失能失智老人402名,采用自制问卷调查。运用单因素分析比较不同状况下失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足情况,运用多因素分析失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足的影响因素。结果 失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足程度偏低,为41.0%。老年人日常生活是否能自理、是否有高血压病、是否需要慢性疾病日常配药和治疗、是否需要老年综合征治疗服务、是否有长期便秘、家人没空送老年人上医院、日常配药便利程度、选择在何处接受药物注射、选择在何处接受食物或尿液插管服务以及社区医生治疗水平不高等是影响失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足的主要因素。结论 失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足度不高,受多因素影响。应进一步加强失能失智老人慢性疾病、老年综合征治疗服务,积极推动多病共治的整合式医疗服务。加强社区和养老机构医疗服务设施建设,方便失能失智老人慢性疾病日常管理和医疗护理服务,不断提高失能失智老人医疗服务需求满足程度。

Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region,China

The lithofacies palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in Middle and Upper Yangtze Region was studied based on petrography and the ＂single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping＂ method. The Upper Permian Wujiaping Stage in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region is mainly composed of carbonate rocks and clastic rocks, with lesser amounts of siliceous rocks, pyroclastic rocks, volcanic rocks and coal. The rocks can be divided into three types, including clastic rock, clastic rock-limestone and limestone-siliceous rock, and four fundamental ecological types and four fossil assemblages are recognized in the Wujiaping Stage. Based on a petrological and palaeoecological study, six single factors were selected, namely, thickness （m）, content （%） of marine rocks, content （%） of shallow water carbonate rocks, content （%） of biograins with limemud, content （%） of thinbedded siliceous rocks and content （%） of deep water sedimentary rocks. Six single factors maps of the Wujiaping Stage and one lithofacies palaeogeography map of the Wujiaping Age were composed. Palaeogeographic units from west to east include an eroded area, an alluvial plain, a clastic rock platform, a carbonate rock platform where biocrowds developed, a slope and a basin. In addition, a clastic rock platform exists in the southeast of the study area. Hydro- carbon source rock and reservoir conditions were preliminarily analyzed based on lithofacies palaeogeography. Sedimentary environments have obvious controls over the development of the resource rocks. With regard to the abundance of organic matter, the hydrocarbon potential of the coastal swamp environment is the best, followed by the basin environment and the carbonate rock platform. The gas reservoir types of the Wujiaping Stage can be classified as conventional and unconventional gas reservoirs, like coal bed gas and shale gas; all of them have well exploration prospects.

Quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography

Quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography is an important discipline of palaeogeography.It is developed on the foundation of traditional lithofacies palaeogeography and palaeogeography,the core of which is the quantitative lithofacies palaeogeographic map.Quantity means that in the palaeogeographic map,the division and identification of each palaeogeographic unit are supported by quantitative data and quantitative fundamental maps.Our lithofacies palaeogeographic maps are quantitative or mainly quantitative.A great number of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeographic maps have been published,and articles and monographs of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography have been published successively,thus the quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography was formed and established.It is an important development in lithofacies palaeogeography.In composing quantitative lithofacies palaeogeographic maps,the key measure is the single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method—methodology of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography.In this paper,the authors utilize two case studies,one from the Early Ordovician of South China and the other from the Early Ordovician of Ordos,North China,to explain how to use this methodology to compose the quantitative lithofacies palaeogeographic maps,and to discuss the palaeogeographic units in these maps.Finally,three characteristics,i.e.,quantification,multiple orders and multiple types,of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeographic maps are conclusively discussed.