Experimental study on thermal and mechanical properties of tailings-based cemented paste backfill with CaCl_(2)·6H_(2)O/expanded vermiculite shape stabilized phase change materials

CaCl_(2)·6H_(2)O/expanded vermiculite shape stabilized phase change materials(CEV)was prepared by atmospheric impregnation method.Using gold mine tailings as aggregate of cemented paste backfill(CPB)material,the CPB with CEV added was prepared,and the specific heat capacity,thermal conductivity,and uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of CPB with different cement-tailing ratios and CEV addition ratios were tested,the influence of the above variables on the thermal and mechanical properties of CPB was analyzed.The results show that the maximum encapsulation capacity of expanded vermiculite for CaCl_(2)·6H_(2)O is about 60%,and the melting and solidification enthalpies of CEV can reach 98.87 J/g and 97.56 J/g,respectively.For the CPB without CEV,the specific heat capacity,thermal conductivity,and UCS decrease with the decrease of cement-tailing ratio.For the CPB with CEV added,with the increase of CEV addition ratio,the specific heat capacity increases significantly,and the sensible heat storage capacity and latent heat storage capacity can be increased by at least 10.74%and 218.97%respectively after adding 12%CEV.However,the addition of CEV leads to the increase of pores,and the thermal conductivity and UCS both decrease with the increase of CEV addition.When cement-tailing ratio is 1:8 and 6%,9%,and 12%of CEV are added,the 28-days UCS of CPB is less than 1 MPa.Considering the heat storage capacity and cost price of backfill,the recommended proportion scheme of CPB material presents cement-tailing ratio of 1:6 and 12%CEV,and the most recommended heat storage/release temperature cycle range of CPB with added CEV is from 20 to 40℃.This work can provide theoretical basis for the utilization of heat storage backfill in green mines.

Deformation characteristics of mechanical expanding of thin-walled cylindrical parts

Mechanical expanding is one of the finishing processes in cylindrical part forming. The distribution of stress and strain shows clearly regional features. FEA simulation and experiments show that the deformation process can be divided into three phases called as rounding phase, expanding phase and unloading phase in turn, in which the main types of deformation are wall bending, circumference elongating and thickness reducing, and spring back respectively. And the longitudinal section can be divided into three portions: expanding region, transition region and rigid region. The plastic deformation occurs regionally in suspended portion. A regional convex in transitional portion is inevitable.

Influence of a Mineral Filler on the Fire Behaviour and Mechanical Properties of a Wood Waste Composite Material Stabilized with Expanded Polystyrene

The use of vegetable fibers composites in structures sometimes presents significant fires risks because of their high flammability. This work aims to study the impact of the addition of mineral filler (clay) on the fire behaviour of wood-polystyrene composites and their mechanical properties. Thus, composites containing 25% of expanded polystyrene binder have been produced. On this base material, proportions of clay ranging from 0% to 15% were gradually added. These samples were elaborated by compaction and for some them, submitted to thermoforming after drying. Both kinds of sample were subjected to flame persistence test;flexural strength and compressive strength test were also measured. The results show that composites without mineral filler ignite continuously until the total consumption and when the mineral filler content increases the combustion time decreases. The addition of the mineral filler allows these composites to pass from class M3 of moderately flammable combustible materials to class M2 of hardly flammable materials, according to the M classification of construction and furnishing materials. The measurement of the mechanical properties shows that the strengths increase when the filler content goes from 0% to 10% and then decrease. This leads to set the optimum content of mineral filler around 10%.

Mechanism of Fume Suppression and Performance on Asphalt of Expanded Graphite for Pavement under High Temperature Condition

Fume suppression mechanisms and the effect of expanded graphite on the performance of asphalt were studied by applying infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and comprehensive thermal analysis（TG, DSC）. The experimental results confirm that asphalt which is mixed with expandable graphite will expand in the process of hot mix, and the expanded graphite layer will swell by the light component in the asphalt. The light component in the asphalt and PAHs adsorption on expanded graphite surface or part of the plug in the expanded graphite layer between plates made nucleation crystallization growth. And the Van der Waals force and the bonding of the lattice can effectively restrain the asphalt fume release. Meanwhile, the expanding agent with oxidative can spread into the asphalt, leading to asphalt oxygenated and plastic abate, while the ductility decreases. Expanded graphite, SBS modifier and environment- friendly plasticizers are used to composite modified asphalt. According to asphalt fume release experiment, normal test of asphalt performance, Brookfield viscosity test, RTFOT test and asphalt mixture tests（high temperature stability, low temperature stability, water stability）, it has been proven that the modified asphalt’s performance is better than that of matrix asphalt and equivalent to that of SBS modified asphalt. Furthermore, it has good fume suppression effect.

Adsorption mechanism of expanded graphite for oil and dyes

Expanded graphite （r-;G） shows higher adsorption capacity for oils than for dyes. To illustrate the different adsorption mechanism of EG for these pollutants, adsorption capacities of dyes and oil on EG were firstly studied. And then stepwise adsorption for oils was carried out with EG which has been saturated firstly by dyes, the difference between adsorbance of oil on EG was checked with deviation analysis. Scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） analysis was used to show structure difference of EG adsorbed different adsorbates. These used adsorbates were SD300 oil, basic fuchsine, Auramine lake yellow O and acid brilliant red 3B. The adsorption isotherm of dyes on EG is type 11 or type 1, and their equilibrium adsorbances are less than 1.0 g/g. While, adsorbance for SD300 oil can reach 104.5 g/g. Deviation analysis for stepwise adsorbances of oil shows no statistical significance. EG saturated firstly by dyes, still has an average adsorption capacity of 35 g/g for SD300 oil, and it does not change with the initial dyes concentration. SEM photos illustrate the adsorption of oil on EG is mainly filling, In the adsorption of dyes, there is severe breakage of the V-type pore and shrinkage of the particle. Kinetic difference is analyzed also.

Biological mechanisms and clinical efficacy of sulforaphane for mental disorders

Current clinical management of major mental disorders,such as autism spectrum disorder,depression and schizophrenia,is less than optimal.Recent scientific advances have indicated that deficits in oxidative and inflammation systems are lessthanoptimal.Recentscientific advances have indicated extensively involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders. These findings have led to expanded considerations for treatment.Sulforaphane(SFN)is a dietary phytochemical extracted from cruciferous vegetables.It is an effective activator of the transcription factor nuclear erythroid-2 like factor-2,which can upregulate multiple antioxidants and protect neurons against various oxidative damages.On the other hand,it can also significantly reduce inflammatory response to pathological states and decrease the damage caused by the immune response via the nuclear factor-kB pathway and other pathways.In this review,we introduce the biological mechanisms of SFN and the pilot evidence from its clinical trials of major mental disorders,hoping to promote an increase in psychiatric clinical studies of SFN.

Effects of Vibration Technology and Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsion on Microstructure and Properties of Expanded Polystyrene Lightweight Concrete

To prevent expanded polystyrene （EPS） beads from rising up to the surface in the molding process of EPS lightweight concrete, vibration with pressure was applied and the polyvinyl acetate （PVA） emulsion was adopted to improve its mechanical properties. The mechanical properties, thermal properties and durability of EPS lightweight concrete were tested. The microstruetures of EPS lightweight concrete were observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Vibration with pressure reduces the number of small cracks. The 180 d compressive strength and flexural strength increase obviously as a large amount of PVA was added. The mixed amount of PVA has no obvious influence on the thermal performance when it is not more than 10% of the cement. Vibration with pressure and surface modification of EPS beads by PVA improve the combination of EPS beads with cement stone and the mechanical properties of EPS lightweight concrete.

空频域结合的多尺度扩张卷积注意力数字水印

目的 将深度学习应用于数字水印,在隐藏信息的同时,不断提高图像的不可见性和鲁棒性,提出一种结合空间域和频率域的多尺度扩张卷积注意力数字水印算法(SF-ACA)。方法 SF-ACA算法的网络框架包含由ACA和SFE构成的生成器、解码器2个部分组成。其中,ACA网络中的MCA模块将3个不同扩张率的扩张卷积对载体图像以多尺度融合的方式进行特征提取,使载体图像能更有效地隐藏水印信息;SFE结合快速傅里叶卷积块,在空域和频域中通过不同大小的感受野捕获互补信息,更精准地获取水印的特征信息,增强了秘密信息的不可见性和鲁棒性。结果 本文提出的水印方法在隐藏与载体图像尺寸相等的三通道彩色图像时,PSNR值为38.81 dB,较UDH方法的PSNR值提高了7.78%。水印图像的隐藏容量是4096比特,该算法与UDH方法在Dropout、Gaussian噪声、JPEG攻击下,提取精度分别提升了5.38%、10.5%、1.65%,满足不可见性要求的同时实现了强鲁棒性。结论 本文方法在隐藏容量较大时,不可见性和鲁棒性都达到了较好的性能。

形变、大旱、地磁、静电场等震前异常关联性

从形变异常机理出发,对大震前出现的几种异常的关联性进行分析,同时结合观测事实和实验进行验证,探索其间可能存在的有机联系。对大震前的大旱、大震后的暴雨、大震时的喷沙冒水和地面塌陷、地声和地光以及大震前的电离层异常、大气静电异常、震前及震时电磁波异常等现象从机理上给出统一解释,认为这些异常现象均与大震前震源体附近微裂膨胀体的形成、扩展有关,并随着大震发生而迅速消失。

新型装配式流体力学综合实验装置的设计

流体力学是高等教育理工类学科基础力学教育的重要分支之一,其教学实验众多,但多数传统实验装置的某些组成部分之间有很大相似性,若针对某一特定实验设计独立实验装置将造成极大的资源及空间浪费。在充分考察现有实验装置相似组成部分后对其重新设计整合,提出了一种新型装配式流体力学综合实验装置,可在不同组合形态下分别进行雷诺、管嘴出流、卡门涡街等实验。经测试,此装配式流体力学综合实验设备具有功能齐全、空间占比低、成本小、稳定性好、耐腐蚀性高、可拓展性强等优点。

基于MSC.Marc的机械扩径有限元分析

基于MSC.Marc有限元分析软件对管件管端在机械扩径过程中的弹塑性变形进行研究。将管件机械扩径过程分为整圆、扩径变形和卸载3个阶段,管件在机械扩径变形过程中横截面的变形受多个工艺参数的影响,通过改变扩径模具半径和扩径模具边缘角半径进行了多组数据的模拟仿真。由模拟结果可知,管件与扩径模具边缘接触位置应力、应变最大,且呈现向两边扩散的趋势。通过对管件机械扩径的模拟,得到了最佳的扩径模具半径以及扩径模具边缘角半径,为实际加工提供了理论参考。

Bennett机构构型的环形可展天线桁架热致振动分析

卫星在运行过程中会频繁进出地球阴影区,天线桁架在太阳热辐射和无辐射的交替影响下,会产生热致振动响应,从而影响天线的使用精度和寿命。为提高天线的稳定性,以Bennett机构替代构型构建环形天线桁架,并建立有限元模型,计算其在突加热载荷条件下的瞬态温度场;通过热-结构间接耦合仿真,分析桁架在突加热载荷条件下的热致振动响应,并与传统的对角线伸缩式环形桁架进行比较。结果表明,相比于传统的对角线伸缩式环形桁架,Bennett替代构型环形桁架在热载荷作用下振幅明显减小,表现出良好的稳定性。

沥青复合阻燃抑烟剂的作用效果与协同机理

采用氢氧化铝、有机蒙脱土与可膨胀石墨复配阻燃抑烟剂,通过极限氧指数(LOI)法、烘箱恒温加热试验、热重分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜及X射线能谱分析了复合阻燃抑烟剂对沥青的作用效果与协同机理.结果表明:复配剂的加入起到明显的阻燃抑烟效果,含量为6%的复配剂可将沥青的LOI值提升至25.19%,单位沥青烟气释放量减少70%;复配剂拓宽了单一助燃剂的作用温度范围,在沥青燃烧过程中吸收热量,稀释可燃气体浓度,不仅能够提升沥青的热稳定性,还可形成复合阻隔层,起到协同阻燃抑烟作用.

一种无机复合聚苯板的制备与燃烧性能研究

采用具有负热值特性的半水硫酸钙等无机材料为主要添加剂制备阻燃浆液,以低密度膨胀聚苯乙烯泡沫为基体,使用负压顺孔与负压吸附技术,制备了无机复合聚苯板;使用导热系数测试仪测试了该复合材料的保温性能,使用氧指数测试仪、热值测试仪、锥形量热仪、单体燃烧装置测试其燃烧性能。经检测,该无机复合聚苯板的导热系数为0.041 W/(m^(2).K),热值仅为2.91 MJ/kg,氧指数达到39.7%;锥形量热仪测试结果显示,该复合聚苯板在燃烧过程中未发生收缩熔融,且保持一定的形状,其热释放速率峰值、总热释放量、产烟速率峰值以及总产烟量相比聚苯乙烯泡沫基材大幅降低;单体燃烧测试结果显示,该无机复合聚苯板的燃烧性能等级达到A2级,产烟特性等级达到S1级;分析其阻燃机理,认为主要源于二水硫酸钙吸热的分解反应和惰性的分解产物。

Theoretical analysis on expansion mechanism in carbon dioxide expander

The expansion mechanism inside carbon dioxide expander is analyzed theoretically in this paper.The mechanism analysis of metastable equilibrium indicates that there is a potential barrier during phase change process.That is to say energy is required to overcome the potential barrier when the new interface is formed from primary phase.The superheat of liquid is the impetus of phase change and has an exponential decrease with the increase of the saturated temperature of fluid.The analysis also indicates that there is a critical radius during the phase change process.The bubble will grow up when its radius is larger than the critical value,otherwise,will disappear.When considering the metastable phase change,calculation of P and V during expansion process indicates that the phase-change will be delayed with the decline of pressure,which is called lag phenomenon.The phase-change delay time decreases with the increase of initial temperature.When the initial temperature is close to the critical temperature,the delay time is close to zero.The phase-change delay brings energy losses,which decrease with the increase of initial temperature and its decrease ratio also has a decrease trend.When the initial pressure is 10 MPa,the energy loss will be 1.06 W with an initial temperature of 10℃ while 0.34 W with that of 20℃.

不同类型水泥稳定碎石混合料的力学性能

通过设计掺玄武岩纤维、膨胀剂、高水泥剂量及普通水泥稳定碎石混合料,结合试验研究了四种不同类型混合料的力学性能,并基于提升率分析了不同类型措施对力学性能提升优化的影响程度。研究分析可知:掺膨胀剂与提高水泥剂量均能有效提高材料的无侧限抗压强度、抗弯拉强度与抗压回弹模量;玄武岩纤维可以显著降低其抗压回弹模量;玄武岩纤维会降低所研究材料的短龄期无侧限抗压强度,但随龄期增长,抗压强度也会优于普通水泥稳定碎石混合料。高水泥剂量对水泥稳定碎石混合料的抗压回弹模量和抗弯拉强度性能优化提升效果影响最为显著,对劈裂强度提升影响相对较小。

综采工作面扩帮回撤顶板铺网工艺技术实践

综采工作面进入收作阶段,通常从闭采开始,在顶板施工网片防止掉矸和后期回撤支架时窜矸、漏矸,针对黄陵矿业公司一号煤矿综采工作面扩帮回撤顶板铺网施工,介绍2种顶板铺网方式,通过工艺、技术和投入成本对比,指出不同工作面条件的适用性,为综采工作面扩帮回撤顶板铺网提供借鉴。

“国和一号”主蒸汽安全阀支管扩管焊接工艺研究

“国和一号”主蒸汽安全阀支管扩管是创新性解决核电站运行噪声问题的关键设备。其材质为SA-182 Gr.F11 Cl.2,采用上部锻件和下部锻件组焊而成,整体结构为两端小、中间大的圆柱形容器,焊缝不具备背面清根条件。针对支管扩管的结构特点,设计了合理的单面焊双面成形坡口形式,结合焊缝质量控制要求和焊接效率选取了氩弧焊打底+手工焊填充的焊接方案进行焊接。针对材料的特点开发了相应的焊接规范参数,其性能满足设计要求。经过技术论证,先后解决了单面焊双面成形、焊接变形控制的难题,并且通过合理的工装设置实现了支管扩管的批量化工程应用。实施后,全部批次共计14件支管扩管无损检测全部一次合格,焊缝质量满足设计要求,制造质量稳定、周期可控,攻克了支管扩管这一设备的制造难题。

某冶炼厂桩基方案比选研究

以国内某新建冶炼厂为例,根据该厂拟建场地岩土工程勘察报告,提出机械旋挖成孔灌注桩、长螺旋钻孔灌注桩、预应力管桩和内夯沉管夯扩桩4种桩基方案,并分别对4种桩型的优缺点、承载力及经济指标进行对比和分析。对比分析结果认为,选择φ600的长螺旋钻孔灌注桩为主要桩型,局部荷载比较大的厂房、桩长超高30 m的厂房采用φ600的旋挖灌注桩。

扩径力与扩径行程的主要影响因素和计算方法

机械扩径是现代管线钢管制造方法的一项关键技术 ,包括扩径工艺和扩径装备两个方面。扩径力和扩径行程是机械扩径工艺的两个主要参数 ,也是开发机械扩径装备的重要依据。由于缺乏对机械扩径工艺的系统研究 ,准确计算扩径力和合理确定扩径行程 ,已经成为制约我国管线钢管制造技术发展和进步的主要技术障碍之一。本文针对现有扩径力计算方法的不足 ,在考虑变形程度及刚端影响的基础上 ,提出了一个新的扩径力计算公式 ;并且基于管坯的扩径过程可分为整圆和扩圆两个变形阶段的特征 ,分别给出了整圆、扩圆阶段的行程计算公式。此外 ,本文还通过实验与数值模拟相结合的方法 。